Making an advertisement for television often costs more than a movie.For example, a two-hour movie costs $ 6 million to make.A TV commercial can cost more than $ 6 000 a second.And that does not include cost of paying for air time(电视节目开始的时间).Which is more valuable, the program or the ad? In terms of money--and making money is what television is all about the commercial is by far the more important.

Research, market testing, talent, time and money-----all come together to make us want to buy a product.No matter how bad we think a commercial is, it works.The sales of Charm went up once the ads began.TV commercials actually buy their way into our head.We, in turn, buy the product.

And the ads work because so much time an attention are given them.Here are some rules of commercial ad making.If you want to get the low middle-class buyer, make sure the announcer has a tough, manly voice.Put some people in the ad who work with their hands.If you want to sell to upper-class audience, make sure that the house, the furniture, and the hair style are the types that the group identifies (识别) with.If you want the buyer feel superior to the character selling the product, then make that person so stupid or silly that everyone will feel great about himself or herself

We laugh at commercials.We don't think we pay that much attention them.But facts show we are kidding ourselves.The making of a commercial that costs so much money is not kid stuff.It's big, big business.And it's telling us what to think, what we need, and what to buy.To put it simply, the TV commercial is a form of brainwashing.

45. TV commercials are more important than other programs to television because _______.

A.they bring in great profits    B.they require a lot of money to make

C.they are not difficult to produce  D.they attract more viewers than other programs

46. The purpose of all the efforts made in turning out TV commercials is ________.

A.to persuade people to buy the product    B.to show how valuable the product is

C.to test the market value of the product    D.to make them as interesting as TV movies

47. From the rules set for making commercial ads, we can see that_________.

A.the lower-middle-class buyer likes to work with his hand

B.the more stupid the characters, the more buyers of the product

C.ad designers attract different people with different skills

D. an upper-class buyer is more interested in houses and furniture than a lower-middle-class buyer

48. It is believed by the writer that_________.

A.few people like to watch TV commercials B.TV commercials are a good guide to buyers

C.TV commercials often make people laugh  D.people do not think highly of TV commercials

It is reasonable to say that every teenager can be affected by peer pressure(从众心理) at some point. Every day, in any high school, peer pressure has a major influence over the behavior of teenagers. It can be as subtle(微妙的) as being persuaded to be late for class or as extreme as a dangerous drug. Whether subtle or extreme, peer pressure can have damaging, some-times life changing, and even serious results.

“Teens don’t often consider the long-term results that some behavior can cause,” said Terri Price, a researcher. “Peer pressure can be very difficult to handle for many teens because of their fears of not fitting in.” Peer pressure has always been part of teen life, but teens experience it differently than former generations did in the past. Sources of peer pressure have increased because of the Internet and other electronic communications.

Recognizing peer pressure can be as simple as noticing that you have been asked to do something that you are not comfortable with. “Listen to your instinct(直觉), which is a sign for whether something is right or wrong. If it feels wrong, then most likely it is.” Says Price.

Teens are in a time of life when they are still discovering who they are. Many teens are influenced by peer pressure because of their insecurities. This can make them helpless especially when their selfcontrol is weak or they lack healthy support, causing them to take risky behavior or turn to unhealthy support.

Dealing with peer pressure is a topic of concern for teens. People can say, “Just say no,” but the truth is that the statement is easier said than done.

72.The underlined word “it” Paragraph 2 refers to_____.

A.the Internet          B.teen life   

C.peer pressure        D.the fear of not fitting in

73.Why are teens easily influenced by peer pressure?

A.Because they don’t have the feeling of safety.

B.Because they have no sense of danger.

C.Because they need support for their health.

D.Because they have nobody to turn to when in trouble.

74.You can know whether a teen suffers peer pressure by watching ______.

A.whether he often surfs the Internet   

B.whether he can get security

C.whether it is subtle or extreme      

D.whether he feels comfortable with it

75.According to the passage, we can know that dealing with peer pressure is______.

A.easy         B.hard          C.a new topic       D.an impossible task

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