When in 1789, George Washington became the first president of the United States, there was no permanent capital in which to house the government. During the Revolutionary War several different cities had served as the national capital. In addition, members of congress could not agree as to where this permanent capital should be located. Some officials wanted it in the north, others wanted it in the south. Each of the states hoped that the capital might lie within its own state lines. At last it was decided that the capital should occupy a section by itself, separate from any of the states. The place chosen was situated on the Potomac River. The land belonged originally to the state of Maryland, but Maryland agreed to the national government. The section was named the Washington. Work was begun on the new capital in 1791. in the year 1899 Congress occupied the new capital building at the same time the White House was opened as the home of all future presidents.

Before the year 1800, the capital of America had been located in _______.

A. Maryland   B. Washington

C. New York   D. several cities

Why was it decided that the capital should be separated from any of the states? Because ________.

A. the District of Columbia was on the borders of several states

B. the District of Columbia was in the center of America

C. Maryland insisted that the capital lie in its own state

D. Each of the states wanted the capital might lie within its own state

The capital was named after _______.

A. an explorer, who first found the place

B. the place where it occupied

C. the first president of the United States of America

D. a famous general who fought in the war

Presidents of the United States live in ________.

A. the capital building   B. Maryland

C. New York   D. the White House

_____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in forest.                 

       A．Not only they brought        B．Not only did they bring

       C．Not only brought they        D．Not only they did bring

A new weapon is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes, they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet.

       Some boys may think of smoking as cool and sexy. Their friends won’t agree when they see their packets of cigarettes lying on the table.

The European Union announced on October 22, that it had chosen 42 photos that showed the damage cigarettes could do to the body. It called on member nations to put these pictures on packets to discourage young smokers.

To catch the attention of teenagers, the special packets warn of long-term medical dangers, like cancer. Short-term effects, like bad skin, are also on the list.

“The true fact of smoking is disease, death and horror. That is the message we should send to the young,” said David Byrne, an EU health official. “Hopefully these pictures will shock students out of their love for cigarettes.”

The EU head office hoped the pictures would work better than current written warnings on packs of cigarettes. The warning included “smoking kills” and “smoking can lead to a slow and painful death.”

So far, Ireland and Belgium have shown interest in the photos. Canada has used similar pictures and warnings on cigarette packs since 2000. The country has recently seen a fall in the number of smokers.

According to studies, smoking is the single biggest cause of avoidable death in EU. Every year more than 650,000 smokers die, more than one person a minute.

What would be the best title for the text?

       A. New Ways to Stop Smoking.                         B. Pictures to Shock Smokers.

       C. New Packers of Cigarettes.                            D. Dangers of Smoking.

Which of the following is NOT the true face of smoking?      

       A. Disease.                   B. Death.                      C. Horror.                    D. Happinese.

We can learn from the test that _______.

       A. The EU countries have put the new warning method into practice

       B. only a small number of the EU countries have used the new warning method

       C. the new warning method has worked in some EU countries

       D. countries in the EU still use the old warning method

Which country is most successful in stopping smoking?

       A. Ireland.                    B. Belgium.                  C. Canada.                    D. EU

The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that ________.

       A. It’s hard to stop smoking in EU

       B. deaths caused by smoking could have been avoided

       C. smoking is the biggest cause of deaths in EU

       D. EU has the largest number of deaths caused by smoking

The Story about Growth is my favorite American

TV play because it is very interested. The play          76.     

tells humorous stories that happen in the Green’s        77.     

family. With such stories it make people think          78.     

about life, but therefore attracts the audience. It is       79.     

also a window which we can learn about American      80.     

society. And there were many meaningful things that     81.     

are worth think of, such as the relationship between      82.     

parents and children in a lot of American family. It       83.     

is quite different from those in China. The play is        84.     

very popular. We’d better not to miss the chance         85.     

to enjoy it.

A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher emphasized(强调) the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.

One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished. Gently shaking his head, shrugging his shoulders, he said, “You don’t say!” “You don’t say!” I was puzzled. I thought, perhaps this is not an appropriate topic(适当的话题). “Well, I’d better change the topic.” So I said to him. “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there?” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was magnificent.” He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide. “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it.” Soon I was interrupted again by his words：“You don’t say!” I couldn’t help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well, I didn’t request you to do so, ” he answered, greatly surprised. I said, “Didn’t you say’ you don’t say？” Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to explain, ‘You don’t say’ actually means ‘really!’ It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. Remember: what the English teachers said is always right to us students.

A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms because _______.

A. English idioms were not important

B. I was not careful with English idioms

C. my teacher didn’t emphasize the importance of them

D. I had no interest in them

At first, on hearing “You don’t say,” I thought the foreigner meant _______.

A. he was not interested in the topic

B. he was only interested in the Great Wall

C. I had talked too much

D. I had to stop talking

The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means _______.

A. interesting  B. important

C. terrible       D. unlucky

Which of the following is true according to the passage？

A. The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall.

B. The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after I talked about it.

C. The Englishman wanted me to act as his guide.

D. The Englishman visited the Great Wall and thought it worth visiting.

After the Englishman explained the idiom, _______.

A. I thought the Englishman had made me a fool

B. the Englishman became a real fool.

C. I felt very silly

D. I became more carefully in everything

Weather changes when the temperature and the amount of water in the atmosphere change. We can see and feel water coming from the atmosphere when we have rain. But the water must somehow get back to the atmosphere. Meteorologists call this the water cycle.

   There are many stages in the water cycle. Rain falls when water vapor in clouds condenses(凝结). Drops of water form and fall to the ground. The water soaks into the ground and feeds streams and rivers. A lot of rain falls into the sea. The heat of the sun evaporates some of the water in the ground and in the rivers, lakes, and the sea. It changes the liquid water into water vapour. The vapour rises onto the air. Water vapour is normally invisible. On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle(水坑) or pond in a mist(薄雾) above the water. Water vapour also gets into the air from living things. Trees and other plants take in water through their roots and give off water vapour from their leaves. People and land animals drink water and breathe out water vapour. In all these ways the water returns to the air. There it gathers to form clouds and condenses to form rain. The rain falls to earth, and the cycle starts again. It continues even if snow or hail(冰雹) fall instead because both eventually melt to form water. The amount of water vapour in the air depends on the temperature. The air is more moist(潮湿) in the tropics(热带) than in the cold polar regions.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Water cycle.                                  

B. Water vapour.

C. How rain forms.                  

D. Water, vapour, rain.

How many ways of the water returning to the air are discussed in the text?

A. Two.                   B. Three.        C. Four.       D. Five.

Whether water vapour can be seen or not depends on _______.

A. how much water is evaporated          

B. how good your eyes are

C. in which way water is evaporated        

D. climate or weather

From the passage we get to know _______.

A. there is more water vapour in the air in the tropics than in cold polar regions

B. there is more water vapour in the air in cold polar region than in the tropics

C. it gets more rain in the tropics than in cold polar regions because there is less vapour

D. the amount of water vapour in the air depends on how often it rains

Fat and shy，Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football，tennis，cricket—anything with a round ball，I was useless，” he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire，England.

It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually，Saunders set up his mind on building up his body，increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18，he ran his first marathon.

 The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of adventure in Scotland，where he learnt about Ridgway’s cold-water exploits. Greatly interested，Saunders read all he could about North Pole explorers and adventures，then decided that this would be his future.

　　In 2001，after becoming a skillful skier，Saunders started his first long-distance expedition towards the North Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite，ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit，pulling his supply-loaded sled up and over rocky rice.

　　Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole，and he’s skied more of the North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.

Next October，Saunders，27，heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back，a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis.

Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Saunders?

    a. He ran his first marathon.

 b. He skied alone in the North Pole.

　  c. He rode his bike in a forest

.d. He planned an adventure to the South Pole.

　A. a-c-d-b  B. c-d-a-b  C. a-c-b-d  D. c-a-b-d

The underlined word “exploits” is closest in meaning to______

  A. journeys   B. operations   C.  researches    D. adventures

The story mainly tell us about Saunders that he is______

A. a good instructor at school   B .the best British skier

C. Ridgway’s favorite student   D. a success in sports

Ben Saunders______after he was 15 years old .

  A. become good at most sports.    B. began to build up his body.

  C. made friends with a runner.     D. joined a sports team

A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, arc particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts man any before.

University tuition fees (学费) are currently capped at ??3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.

In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average ?? 31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just ?? 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ?? 10.000. Average debts for graduates are ?? 12，363.

Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they arc to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively."

Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweathcr. aged 15. from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.

1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?

A. Students understand personal finances differently.

B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.

C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.

D. The students' payback ability has become a major issue.

2. The phrase "to raise the ceiling" in paragraph 2 probably means "______".

A. to raise the student loans      B. to improve the school facilities

C. to increase the upper limit of the tuition     D. to lift the school building roofs

3. According to Stephen Moir, students_______.

A. are too young 10 be exposed 10 financial issues

B. should learn 10 manage their finances well

C- should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans

D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance

4. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well

B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.

C. Financial planning is a required course at college.

D. Young people should become responsible adults.

Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.

     The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.

    “If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.

    Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.

    One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.

    “I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”

    He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface.

     “Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”

     The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves. 

What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. How the caves were formed on Mars.             B. How scientists found these caves on Mars.

C. Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.

D. Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.

We can learn from the passage that           .

A. water has already been found on Mars            B. the scientists found all the caves at night

C. it is certain that there is life in these caves

D. the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry

According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because        .

A. such caves could provide energy for life         B. they had finally found the caves on Mars

C. such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life

D. scientists had long been looking for these caves

Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include        .

A. lava and energy                                           B. water and radiation from space

C. gases and lava                                              D. water and protection from radiation

Mules

       Although the top men in smuggling（走私）business must work together, most of a syndicate’s（集团）small fry, especially the mules, know only their immediate contacts. If caught there is little they can give away. A mule probably will not even know the name of the person who gives him his instructions, nor how to get in touch with him. Usually he even does not know the person to whom he has to make delivery. He will be told just to sit tight in a certain hotel or bar until someone contacts him. In this way if he is blown, coming through airport customs he cannot unwittingly lead agents to the next link in the chain. All the persons at the receiving end do is to hang around the airport among the waiting crowd, and see that the mule comes through safely. If he does not, he is dimply written off（报废；注销）as a loss. To make identification of mules easier, several syndicates have devised their own “club ties” so that a mule wearing one can immediately be picked out.

       Mules often receive careful training before embarking on their first journey. One Beirut organization, for example, uses a room with three airline seats in it. There the trainee mules sit for hours on end wearing weighted smuggling vests beneath their clothes, so that they become accustomed to standing up after a long flight in a natural way, and without revealing what they are carrying. An outfit in Brussels maintained a comfortable apartment where the mules could relax and get a firm grip on themselves on the night before their first journey; they were helped to dress before setting out for the airport in the morning. More often than not a courier will not know precisely where he is going or what flight number is until he is actually handed his tickets at the airport. This prevents the careless boast in some bar or to a girl friend the night before.

       Mules occasionally run off with the goods to keep the profit themselves. As insurance against this, a syndicate often sends a high-up on the same plane to keep a wary eye on couriers, particularly new ones. Even then things can go badly wrong. One international currency smuggler who was having trouble getting money out of Britain was offered help by a group of men who said they were in a position to “fix thing” – for a fee of course. Foolishly, the smuggler agreed to accept their help. When he got to London’s Heathrow Airport, he handed over to one of the men a black suitcase containing nearly $90,000 in cash, destined for Frankfurt. Just to keep an eye on things, the smuggler went along on the same plane. When they landed at Frankfurt he was handed back his suitcase. He beat a straight path to the men’s toilet, opened the case, and found only old clothes. The courier had switched suitcase en route, but the smuggler could hardly run to the police and complain that “the man who was smuggling money out of England for me has stolen it.”

What is a “mule”?

A A person who sends smuggling goods for a syndicate is called mule.

B A person in charge of smuggling goods is called mule.

C A person who makes delivery for a syndicate is called mule.

D A person who receives instructions from a smuggler is called mule.

The sentence “if he is blown” in line (6) is closest in meaning to

A if he is arrested.                  B if he is recognized, but not necessarily arrested.

C if he is recognized and arrested.     D if he runs away.

Why does the author give an example in the last paragraph?

A To show how a smuggler is caught. 

B To show a smuggler is afraid of the police.

C To show to keep a wary eye on couriers is useless.

D To show mules may keep the profit for themselves.

how does a mule work?

A Jointly.                   B Independently.

C consciously.               D Separately.