Deserts are found where there is little rainfall or where rain for a whole year falls in only a few weeks’ time. Ten inches of rain may be enough for many plants to survive if the rain is spread throughout the year. If it falls within one or two months and the rest of the year is dry, those plants may die and a desert may form.

Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down. Sand dunes(沙丘)are formed as winds move the sand across the desert. Bit by bit, the dunes grow over the years, always moving with the winds and changing the shape. Most of them are only a few feet tall, but they can grow to be several hundred feet high.

There is, however, much more to a desert than sand. In the deserts of the southwestern United States, cliffs(悬崖)and deep valleys were formed from thick mud that once lay beneath a sea more than millions of years ago. Over the centuries, the water dried up. Wind, sand, rain, heat and cold all wore away at the remaining rocks. The faces of the desert mountains are always changing—very, very slowly—as these forces of nature continue to work on the rock.

Most deserts have a surprising variety of life. There are plants, animals and insects that have adapted to life in the desert. During the heat of the day, a visitor may see very few signs of living things, but as the air begins to cool in the evening, the desert comes to life. As the sun begins to rise again in the sky, the desert once again becomes quiet and lonely.

Many plants may survive in deserts when ________.

    A.the rain is spread out in a year                     B.the rain falls only in a few weeks

C.there is little rain in a year                           D.it is dry all the year round

Sand dunes are formed when _______.

    A.sand piles up gradually                                B.there is plenty of rain in a year

C.the sea has dried up over the years         D.pieces of rock get smaller

The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that in a desert there is ______.

    A.too much sand                                            B.more sand than before

C.nothing except sand                                    D.something else besides sand

It can be learned from the text that in a desert _______.

A.there is no rainfall throughout the year

B.life exists in rough conditions

C.all sand dunes are a few feet high

D.rocks are worn away only by wind and heat

Adding Humors to Your Conversations

Humor adds bright light to your conversations . People like and trust with a good sense of humor . In order to make others laugh , you have to be fun and relaxed . It’s hard to be funny when you’re stressed out .(心力交瘁的)

When you feel tense(紧张的), your humor will disappear . You have to find ways to bring your humor back and feel relaxed .

Here are some ideas to keep your humor :

72.                     

When you feel tired , you can just open your favorite book of humor writing or cartoons to lighten the moment .

73.                     

Maybe you have a picture of your kids at Disney World . Maybe it’s a picture of your last year’s Halloween costume . Perhaps a photo will remind you that your dog makes you laugh . The photo will also open the door to fun-filled conversations with visitiors to your office .

74.                       

If you’ve been with people , spend some time alone . If you’ve been sitting , take a walk . If you’ve been in a quiet environment , go someplace exciting . If you’ve been indoors , step outside .

Whenever , you’re stressed , your body is usually telling you that you need to do something different . You want to keep yourself in a humor-ready state .

75.                      

This will provide a place for you and your co-workers to have a mind-vacation . Find some fun posters to decorate the room . Put interesting things , like games and puzzles in the room . Design a notice board for fun photos , cartoons and contests . The idea is to fill the room with fun and make people forget about the stress .

A. Consider breaking the pattern(模式)when you’re in a bad mood . Do something different .

B. Have a fun photo of something that recalls wonderful memories on your desk .

C. Help design a better room .

D. Keep something that makes you laugh or smile near you .

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