There is one difference between the sexes on which every expert and study agrees: men are more aggressive than women. It shows up in 2-year-olds. It continues through school days and persists into adulthood. It is even constant across cultures. And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology.

      If there's a woman’s trait(特点) which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it's what social scientists refer to as the result of "education". Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers(学步者) learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues(非言语暗示) from others. And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust.

  What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don' t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women' s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere.

  Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often.  Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.

The passage mainly discusses__________.

            A. how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations

        B. how hormone determines sex differences

        C. why there are differences between males and females

        D. why men and women have different social roles

Which of the following is true of women's nurturing nature according to the passage?

A. It is not inborn in any sense.

B. It is inspired by women’s families.

C. It is caused by social prejudice.

D. It is partly biological in origin.

The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that_________.

A. women are not as competitive as men

B. law is not the fight profession for women

C. women are as excellent as men when they are young

D. academic qualities are not equal to performance

Which of the following statement is true according to paragraph 4?

A. Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.

B. Female leaders' success is due to their imitating male leaders.

C. Men and women are different in their leadership style.

D. Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.

It can be inferred from the passage that the writer_________.

A. denies the difference sexes make in real life

B. is prejudiced against men

C. discourages women to be competitive

D. treats sex difference objectively

PART ONE LISTENING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A

Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet.

You will hear each conversation TWICE

Conversation 1

1. What does the woman do in the group?

A. Play the violin.                       B. Play the piano.                        C. Sing for the group.

2. How often will the group meet?

A. Once a week.                          B. Twice a week.                         C. Every other week.

Conversation 2

3. Where does the man want to live?

A. In a big city.                            B. In the country.                 C. In the mountain.

4. Why couldn’t the woman sleep well at night?

A. She was not used to the silence.

B. She was too tired to go to sleep.

C. She was afraid of the noise made by the birds.

Conversation 3

5. How much money was there in the purse?

A. About $ 15.                                B. About $50.                       C. About $ 55.

6. Where did the woman most probably leave her purse?

A. In the street.                            B. In the coffee shop.               C. In the shoe department.

Conversation 4

7. Who worked at the boys’ camp last summer?

A. Steve.                                    B. Steve’s sister.                          C. Wendy.

8. Why does the woman want to get a job at the hotel?

A. A friend of hers worked there last summer.

B. She likes making bed and cleaning bathrooms.

C. She can make good money.

9. What kind of job is the man probably not interested in now?

A. Cutting grass.                         B. Working in the open air.          C. A job connected with his learning.

Conversation 5

10. What does the man want to find out?

A. The cost of taking a taxi.         B. How to get to a hotel.                  C. The nearest bus stop.

11. How many possibilities does the woman suggest?

A. 2.                                  B. 3.                                  C. 4.

12. Which of the following is true about the man's final decision?

A. Checking the schedule.            B. Taking a taxi.                         C. Waiting for another bus.

 

Conversation 6

13. Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A. On a plane.              B. On a train.                                C. In a restaurant.

14. Why is the man worried?

A. This is his first time abroad.

B. He cannot arrive on time.

C. He has never seen his grandson.

15. When did the man first see Europe?

A. Recently.                    B. After his wife’s death.                     C. During the Second World War.

SECTION B

Directions: In this section, you’ll hear mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS.

You’ll hear the mini-talk TWICE.

Topic: 16._________ in the post office

 

Time

At two o’clock 17.               

Victim

The main post office

Robbers’ appearance

With a gun, handkerchiefs 18. _____________

The inspector’s action

* ordered others to be in the street outside

* ordered some of his men to wear ordinary clothes

* 19. ____________

20. ____________

The three men were caught in the act.

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