Dear Economist,

My newly-wedded wife and I are deeply in love. There is, however, one issue that threatens the happiness of our marriage. I absolutely insist on shopping at Walmart. My wife, meanwhile, would rather avoid Walmart at all costs.

  I have recently tried to convince her that not only does Walmart offer the lowest prices known to man, but that the chain is also a force for good―lower prices mean better standards of living for all consumers, increased global trade means a tighter-knit(紧密团结的) international community, and efficient operations translate into higher productivity growth for the economy. My wife complains about poor labour policies, the “fact” that Walmart squeezes suppliers, and that it puts local shops out of business.

  Who is right? Will our marriage survive?

                                                                                                                 Brian Gee

Dear Brian,

I have to agree with you about Walmart. Jason Furman, then an economist at New York University, now an adviser to President Obama, famously argued in 2005 that Walmart was unwittingly (不知不觉地) a progressive success story. The chain’s prices don’t much affect me (I prefer Whole Foods) but Furman estimated that they benefited low-and-middle-income Americans to the sum of around $250 billion a year.

  Walmart does not pay much, so it may depress wages. Then again, it may increase wages by offering jobs to the otherwise-unemployed. Either way, the benefits of low prices to Walmart shoppers far outweigh any seemingly reasonable costs to Walmart employees. And while it is true that Walmart employees tend to be poor, the same is true of Walmart shoppers.

  Armed with this information you can face your wife with confidence. You are sure to win the conversation. The divorce is likely to be more argued.

Economist

68. What concerns Brian Gee so much that he wrote the letter?

A. His wife refuses to shop at Walmart.

B. They are faced with a divorce.

C. They can’t afford the costs of shopping at Walmart.

D. They are in conflict about shopping at Walmart. 

69. Brian Gee’s wife tends to hold the opinion that _________.

A. it is wrong for Walmart to depress its employees’ wages

B. consumers’ lives have improved thanks to Walmart

C. Walmart’s business operation increases productivity in economy

D. Walmart’s business increases global trade

70. What can be inferred from the reply letter?

A. Some employees accept the low pay to keep the job.

B. Walmart appeals to only poor consumers and poor employees.

C. Employees suffer from Walmart’s low prices more than consumers.

D. Jason Furman, a New York University economist, spoke highly of Walmart.

       Are you nervous about climbing because you think it's too dangerous? Do you feel you're not fit enough to climb? Do you know how to start climbing?

       Let's consider the idea that climbing is dangerous.Being afraid is natural, but if you use suitable ropes and other climbing equipments you will feel completely safe.Climbers are usually very careful because they know what they are doing is dangerous.Accidents happen, but when they do, they tend to attract a lot of publicity.As a result, people think there are many more accidents than there are in reality.

       You cannot expect to start climbing straight away.Climbing is a challenge and challenges take time.It is necessary first of all that you achieve a good level of fitness.Begin as soon as you become interested in climbing ?go to the gym, go swimming, take up jogging and continue to do so throughout your training period.

       Discover as much as you can about climbing.Visit the library and find book, especially for beginners or buy climbing magazines and look for articles which describe your situation.Look up information on the Internet.Find out about equipment, methods and places to go.

       Next, take a course on a climbing wall.There are plenty of climbing walls all over the country which have trained and qualified people as instructors.Call your local leisure centre to find out if there is one in your area. These training sessions are a quick way to get experience and you are likely to meet other beginners. After this, you can do an outside course of join a club where you can meet climbers of all abilities and eventually join in group-climbing events.

       At first you may not understand the importance of a good training period, but after you have completed your first climb and you are standing safely at the top of a rock feeling thrilled, then you will know it was the right thing to do.

62.The article is written by            .

       A.a doctor           B.an experienced climber

       C.a beginner        D.a fitne3ss instruetor

63.The writer thinks a new climber should           .

       A.begin by becoming fit

       B.have the courage to meet the challenges

       C.be aware of the causes of the accidents

       D.do enough sports to get interested in climbing

64.By climbing walls you can         .

       A.join a club y ou like

       B.gain contorlled experience

       C.become qualified instructors

       D.take part in group-climbing events

65.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means      .

       A.the climb  B.the training      C.the equipment  D.the achievenment

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