【题目】“Sugar, alcohol and tobacco,” economist Adam Smith once wrote, “are commodities which are necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation.”

Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With obesity levels putting increasing pressure on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.

Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A review of Mexico’s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, during claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier foods.

The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.

Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufactures have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.

Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.

While reformulating recipes is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multisided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches-including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes-will be needed. There is no silver bullet.

1According to Adam Smith, sugar, alcohol and tobacco were .

A. profitable to manufacture

B. in ever-increasing demand

C. no longer considered necessities of life

D. subjects of taxation almost everywhere

2What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?

A. It brought a lot of problems on the border.

B. It did not work out as well as it was expected.

C. It could not succeed without German cooperation.

D. It met with firm opposition from the food industry.

3What does the underlined part “silver bullet” in the last paragraph mean?

A. A successful but complex solution.

B. An effective and hopeful solution.

C. A single easy quick way.

D. A long way.

4What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Efforts to make sugar healthy and tasty.

B. Approaches to adapting to consumers’ needs.

C. Different ways to cope with health problems.

D. Government taxation on sugar, alcohol and tobacco.

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel you are already close friends. They are always good talkers. Here are several skills that good talkers have in common. If you follow the skills, they'll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.
First of all, good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question. One well-known businesswoman says,“At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. ” From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions.
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully. Real listening at least means some things. If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he's really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice.
Finally, good talkers know well how to “say goodbye”. If you're saying goodbye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I've really enjoyed meeting you.” Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away, happy and satisfied.
A. It's polite to listen to others with a smile.
B. You'd better change the subject if the voice sounds dull.
C. Don't be afraid to say so if you want to see that person again.
D. Common as the question is, it will get things going.
E. You can become a popular person.
F. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
G. These people have something in common.

【题目】根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
Americans like to travel on their yearly holiday. Today, more and more travelers in the United States are spending nights at small houses or inns(客栈) instead of hotels. They get a room with breakfast the next morning.
Rooms for the night in private(私人的) homes with breakfast have been popular with travelers in Europe for many years. In the past five or ten years, these bed and breakfast places have become popular in the United States. Many of these American's bed-and-breakfast inns are old historic buildings. Some bed-and-breakfast inns have only a few rooms, while others are much larger. Some inns do not provide telephones or televisions in the rooms, but others do.
Staying at a bed-and-breakfast inn is much different from staying at a hotel. Usually the cost is much less. Staying at an inn is almost like visiting someone's home. The owners are glad to tell about the areas and the interesting places to visit. Many vacationers say that they enjoy the chance to meet local families.
(1)Americans take a holiday trip ________.
A.all the year round
B.for years
C.every year
D.every other year
(2)Why do American travelers prefer staying at bed-and-breakfast inns?
A.It is like visiting someone's home.
B.The money they spend there is much less.
C.They can meet local families.
D.All of the above.
(3)Staying at the bed-and-breakfast inns, ________.
A.the travelers needn't pay anything
B.the travelers have to pay for the telephones or televisions
C.the travelers can meet and talk with the local people
D.the owners will show the travelers around the area
(4)Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A.European and American vacationers like staying at bed-and-breakfast inns.
B.All Americans enjoy traveling.
C.These bed-and-breakfast inns are all old historic buildings.
D.Staying at a bed-and-breakfast inn is just like at the traveler's home.

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