An electric signal can trick a monkey’s brain into believing the animal’s finger has been touched.

Touch something, and your brain knows. The hand sends signals to the brain to announce contact was made. But that feeling of touch may not require making actual contact, tests on monkeys now show. Zapping brain cells can fool the animal into thinking its finger has touched something.

A person who has lost a limb or become paralyzed may need an artificial limb to complete everyday tasks. But such patients may not truly feel any objects they hold. The new findings point toward one day creating a sense of touch in those who use such artificial limbs. Psychologist Sliman Bensmaia of University of Chicago worked on the new tests. His team’s findings appeared on October 14 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks: People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg, lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob. That’s why restoring it is a major goal for designers of artificial limbs.

In their new study, Bensmaia and his co-workers worked with rhesus monkeys (恒河猴). The scientists implanted electrodes (电极)--- small devices that can detect and relay an electrical signal—into the animals’ brains. The scientists used the electrode data to identify which neurons had become active. Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons. And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched. In fact, they hadn’t.

The monkeys couldn’t use words to tell the scientists what they had felt. Instead, they communicated by looking in a particular direction—just as when they had really been touched.

The new findings show how touch-sensitive devices could be built. The new study also offers “ a nice clear pathway” for figuring out how to restore a sense of touch to an amputee(被截肢者) or someone with a injury of spinal cord.

The study shows how artificial limbs might be connected to the brain so that a person can “feel” with such a prosthesis (假肢). But such a supersensory device doesn’t exist yet and scientists have a lot of work to do before people will benefit from it. Researchers must first figure out whether the electrodes would work in people in the same way they do in monkeys.

“ I think the foundation is laid for human trials,” Bensmaia said.

1.What does the underlined word “it” refer to ?

A. The sense of touch.

B. An artificial limb.

C. The turning of a doorknob.

D. The lifting of a cup

2.Bensmania tested monkeys to prove that the feeling of touch_________.

A. is important to everyday tasks

B. may not require making actual contact

C. is a problem of life and death

D. may be a challenge for designers of artificial limbs.

3.Monkeys tell researchers their sense of touch by _______.

A. putting up one of their fingers

B. making their brain cells active

C. looking in a particular direction

D. mimicking natural signals in the brain

4.The last sentence of the text suggests humans _________.

A. will use touch-sensitive devices

B. will test monkeys soon

C. lay foundations for monkey trials

D. will be tested on the electrodes

5.The passage is mainly about ________.

A. restoring a sense of touch

B. fooling a clever monkey

C. making new artificial limbs

D. sending a signal with a touch

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You probably love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!

The making of a movie usually begins with a script (written by a screenwriter) . _____ 1.The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!

________ 2.The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, makeup artists, cameramen, cinematographers (who supervise and instruct the cameramen), and, of course, actors!

Next, shooting begins! ________3. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day’s work.___ ____4. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects.

The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it’s ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. ______5.

A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.

B. The actual filming can be a slow process.

C. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.

D. The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.

E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.

F. In movies the director’s job is to bring the script to life on camera.

G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

“I love myself.” That sounds a bit _____ and I doubt if anyone would ever say it out loud, but finding the confidence to succeed is very _____ if you don’t love yourself. If you’re ready to love yourself, keep on reading.

Think Positively

Focus on your ______ instead of your weaknesses. Leap out of bed; don’t ______ out of it. Look at every day as a new _____, not the same old story.

Be Thankful

Be ______of all the things you should be thankful for. Make a note of the people, places, things and ______ that bring you the most joy. If you ______, you’ll realize you have an awful lot to be thankful for.

Learn and Grow

Developing your ______ and skills will help you develop ______ that you can do anything.

Accept Your Flaws （缺点）

My handwriting looks ______, I can’t ride a bike, and I have an unexplained _____ of bees, which is so bad that I once drove my car into a stop sign after____flew into my car through an open window on a summer day. And you know what? I wouldn’t ____ any of them. Be confident in yourself, no matter how “weird” (interesting and unique) you____be.

Use Your Strengths

Think about the top three ______ in your life. I don’t care how big or little they are. It could be graduating from college, landing a sweet job, losing weight, or ______. Now write down the strengths you used to accomplish those three things, and do you see any common threads that ______ achievement? If so, the path to more success is right in front of you.

No More Comparisons

Forget about the celebrities you ______ your body to, the relationships you contrast yours with. Life is not a ______. Your only goal is to become a better version of yourself.

1.A. comfortable B. silly C. enthusiastic D. impressive

2.A. convenient B. difficult C. pleasant D. probable

3.A. behavior B. energy C. hobbies D. strengths

4.A. drop B. roll C. crawl D. pull

5.A. possibility B. fortune C. advantage D. opportunity

6.A. aware B. careful C. certain D. sensible

7.A. desires B. characters C. activities D. gatherings

8.A. slow down B. speed up C. rise up D. fix on

9.A. ability B. knowledge C. emotions D. information

10.A. Responsibility B. appreciation C. imagination D. confidence

11.A. terrible B. attractive C. creative D. outstanding

12.A. fancy B. fear C. preference D. fright

13.A. one B. something C. it D. such

14.A. accept B. believe C. change D. continue

15.A. must B. may C. should D. could

16.A. Experiences B. memories C. accomplishmentsD. expectations

17.A. however B. wherever C. whichever D. whatever

18.A. led to B. referred to C. took to D. stuck to

19.A. Imitate B. compare C. prefer D. adapt

20.A. struggle B. campaign C. competition D. Challenge

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

One day I went to the Six Flags amusement park. After riding a ride, I lost my keys. I didn’t notice they were gone ____1. I was on the other side of the park. So I went to the security office. Amber Thompson, ____2. worked there, was very nice. She asked me for my license, a ___3.(describe) of the keys and whether I had anything ____4.(attach) to the key chain, ___5.nothing could be done right away. Here is ____6. cool thing about losing keys at Six Flags: if the keys are found once you have left, the park will send them back __ 7.your home free of charge. __8.(fortunate), my story has a good ending. The keys were found before the park closed. ____9.(lose) keys didn’t spoil my day, and somehow I found myself pleased by the presence of Bugs Bunny after I lost my keys.

You can easily spend time there _____10. it is convenient for you. Just make sure you haven’t lost something important after you get off each ride.

短文改错

假段定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My uncle was the biology professor. When I was young he was used to take me to the biology lab, when I saw pigs, cats and other animals. My uncle also influenced me through nature walks. He often takes me for a walk in the backyard. We would catch frogs and snake, and find fireflies in the sky. He seemed know everything about wildlife. Eighteen years later, think about my uncle and her influence on my life, I feel very lucky. I am grateful that I got the chance to learn for him. He helped me develop my interest in all that was alive and sometimes death around me.

书面表达

一个人在成长过程中必然会遇到烦恼，但是它也能带给你收获，例如：不得不做一些自己不愿做的事情，但最终发现它却带给你许多收益。请根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。

内容包括：

1. 描述一件你曾经不愿但却不得不做的事；

2. 说说这件事最终带给你的收获和启示。

注意：词数100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

We need to face a lot of pains as we grow up. But these pains eventually bring us gains. _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

— You are really crazy about music!

— Sort of．I always find in music _______ peace which is missing in _______ world full of challenges．

A．/; the B．/; a C．a; the D．the; a

By pretending to be ill, the candidate tried to run away from _______ issues, which always aroused too much debate．

A．confidential B．controversial

C．contemporary D．contradictory

According to the school rules, a student ______ report any damage to school properties to a teacher or the office immediately．

A．shall B．will C．should D．would

Time is pressing; it’s impossible for me to get there in an hour, ______ the possible delays．

A．accounting for B．answering for

C．allowing for D．heading for