Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.

One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).

Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.

They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.

The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.

The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.

They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.

Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.

Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.

But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.

The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.

1.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.

B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.

C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.

D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.

2.Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?

A. Toes.B. Hips.C. Feet.D. Legs.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.

B. We should start running barefoot in no time.

C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.

D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.

4.What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?

A. Persuasive.B. Negative. C. Objective.D. Supportive

5.In which section of the newspaper can you most probably read the article?

A. Business. B. Science. C. Health. D. Entertainment.

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答案纸相应的位置上(请注意题后的词数要求)。

[1]While mankind has always been seeking beauty, standards for the abstract thing have been changing constantly throughout history.

[2]Walk around an art museum and you’re likely to see lost of fat female images in the artwork, For many centuries, being thin meant that you were ugly and poor-you didn’t have enough food to eat and you spent your days working in the fields, Being full-figured, on the other hand, was a symbol of .Today, while plenty of experts will point out that pictures of models and famous people are beautified and Barbie has an impossible-to-achieve figure, both men and women seek to be thin, sometimes through disordered eating ,unhealthy amounts of exercise and operation.

[3] Make-up is another thing to which many women today are addicted, Ancient

Egyptians, Greeks and Romans loved make-up, However, these early civilizations were exceptions to the rule, as make-up was mostly avoided in the centuries following Queen Victorna went so far as to call all make-up rulgar(粗俗的)in a public speech, and modesty was the leading beauty trend for many years, But thanks to the introduction of movies, make-up came back in a big way .Today, it is a billion-dollar industry.

[4]Though beauty might seem like a visual thing, smells also play a big role. Just imagine this: if a supermodel didn’t shower for months at a time, would we still consider her beautiful? Being clean is essential for anyone to be considered beautiful, but that would certainly surprise the generations of people who never bathed, They were concerned that wearing no clothes was immoral and the devil(魔鬼)would catch them during their bath, Now many of us can hardly go a day without taking a shower or bath, Additionally, in an effort of appearing more attractive, many of us try to smell like baby powder, flowers and fruits with the help of perfume.

1.What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 8 words)[

2.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no nore than 4 words)

3.What methods do some people try to be thin according to the text?(no more than 9 words)

4.What does the word “it” (Line6,Paragraph3)probably refer to?(no more than 2 words)

5.Which paragraph might the following sentence belong to?

People worried that bathing could lead to serious illness.

__________________________________________________________________________

你叫李华，是一名高中生。你的美国笔友提姆（Tim）发来电子邮件，询问你在周末都做什么事。请你根据下面的要点提示，请给提姆回一封电子邮件。

1. 大部分时间用来做功课；

2. 周日下午和朋友去体育场打篮球；

3. 有时和父母一起去看望爷爷奶奶；

4. 其他活动。

注意：1. 词数120-150；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

- Do you know ______ of them?

- No, I only know, Mr johnson and Mrs Smith.

A. both B. either C. any D. all

Can I really get a mountain bike as a reward if I win the race?

- Absolutely !__________.

A.It all depends B. I mean it C. You've got me D. So will you

Some modem paintings are _____ my understanding; I simply can't understand what the painters really want to tell us.

A. within B. behind C. around D. beyond

Because the head-teacher had some important guests to meet, the meeting only _______a few minutes.

A. kept B. continued C. lasted D. covered

If you can't __ your shyness, you'll never pass the English oral test.

A. take off B. get over C. break off D. give away

_____ in 2011, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway has benefited Qufu a lot.

A. To complete B. Completing C. Having completed D.Completed

You needn't have apologized for your absence_______, it' s hardly your fault.

A. besides B. therefore C. however D. meanwhile