The Iceberg Was Only Part of It
What doomed the Titanic is well known, at least in outline. On a moonless night of April 15, 1912, the ship hit an iceberg in the North Atlantic ,with 1,500 lives lost.
A century later many people presented new theories to explain the real reason for the disaster. Now two new studies argue that rare states of nature played major roles in the disaster.
The first says Earth’s nearness to the Moon and the Sun — a proximity not matched in more than 1,000 years — resulted in record tides that help explain why the Titanic met with so much ice, including the fatal iceberg.
Recently, a team of researchers found an apparent explanation in the heavens. They discovered that Earth had come unusually close to the Sun and Moon that winter, enhancing their gravitational pulls on the ocean and producing record tides. The rare orbits took place between December 1911 and February 1912 — about two months before the disaster came about. The researchers suggest that the high tides refloated masses of icebergs traditionally stuck along the coastlines of Labrador and Newfoundland and sent them adrift into the North Atlantic shipping lanes.
And a second, put forward by a Titanic historian from Britain, contends that the icy waters created ideal conditions for an unusual type of mirage(海市蜃楼) that hid icebergs from lookouts whose duty was to watch carefully for danger ahead and confused a nearby ship as to the liner’s identity, delaying rescue efforts for hours.
Most people know mirages as natural phenomena caused when hot air near the Earth’s surface bends light rays upward. In a desert, the effect prompts lost travelers to mistake patches of blue sky for pools of water. But another kind of mirage occurs when cold air bends light rays downward. In that case, observers can see objects and settings far over the horizon. The images often undergo quick distortions — not unlike the wavy reflections in a funhouse mirror.
Now, scholars of the Titanic are debating these new theories. Some have different opinions on it. Over all, though, many experts are applauding the fresh perspectives

  1. 1.

    The underlined word "It" in the title probably refers to ______.

    1. A.
      the Titanic
    2. B.
      the cause of the disaster
    3. C.
      the record tide
    4. D.
      an unusual mirage
  2. 2.

    According to Theory First, what was the right chain of causes leading to the Titanic’s disaster?
    ① record tides’ forming and icebergs’ being refloated
    ② icebergs’ being drifted into the North Atlantic shipping lanes
    ③ the Earth’s strange closing to the Sun and the Moon
    ④ increasing of the gravitational force on the ocean

    1. A.
      ①→②→③→④
    2. B.
      ②→③→④→①
    3. C.
      ④→③→②→①
    4. D.
      ③→④→①→②
  3. 3.

    According to Theory Second, the disaster happened to the Titanic mainly because______.

    1. A.
      the freezing weather made the watcher not be able to watch clear
    2. B.
      the mirage made the watcher not find icebergs and a nearby ship delay rescuing
    3. C.
      the mirage on the sea attracted the watcher and made him forget his work
    4. D.
      the high tides drove the icebergs float so fast that the watcher didn’t respond to them
  4. 4.

    What is the chief function of the sixth paragraph?

    1. A.
      to explain to the readers the ways of the mirage forming
    2. B.
      to infer the possibility of the mirage appearing
    3. C.
      to summarize the various kinds of the mirage
    4. D.
      to analyze the conditions of the mirage arising
  5. 5.

    This passage is organized generally in the pattern of______.

    1. A.
      comparison and contrast
    2. B.
      conclusion and proof
    3. C.
      time and events
    4. D.
      definition and classification（分类)

There have been big changes in the attitudes of most parents over the last few years. Physical punishment is banned in schools in most countries, and in many countries, there are moves to ban all physical punishment of children even at home. However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages.
It’s easy to find reasons to allow some physical punishments. One issue is that many parents find it very difficult to abandon physical punishment completely. Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didn’t do any harm to them. They believe that for the child’s sake they have the right to discipline the child in any way they consider fit, including using some physical punishments. The other one is that physical punishment can be quick and effective. There is not much point reasoning with a screaming child in the supermarket.
However, there are several reasons why we should stop using physical punishment. One point is that most parents are not trained to deal with misbehaving children. They don’t have enough resources or choices to handle the situation. As a result, they immediately react by hitting the child even if there are other solutions to the problem. Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits. An example is seat belt use —now most people wear seat belts without thinking, while years ago the idea of using seat belts was strange to most people. In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits.
In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised. It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society

  1. 1.

    According to the first paragraph, many parents think that ______.

    1. A.
      they are free to use physical punishment on their children
    2. B.
      most of the children behave badly in their daily life
    3. C.
      they have changed their attitudes towards their children
    4. D.
      physical punishment is effective to educate their children
  2. 2.

    Many parents won’t give up physical punishment because ______.

    1. A.
      they are disappointed with their children
    2. B.
      they were brought up just in the same way
    3. C.
      they don’t want to hurt their children badly
    4. D.
      they don’t know what to do with their children
  3. 3.

    The author gives the example of using seat belts in order to show ______.

    1. A.
      most people are used to wearing seat belts
    2. B.
      it’s not difficult to change some negative habits
    3. C.
      seat belts are really very necessary and useful
    4. D.
      people won’t change their old habits unless forced
  4. 4.

    The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.

    1. A.
      talk about a ban on using physical punishment
    2. B.
      tell us we should educate our children in other ways
    3. C.
      advise parents to give up using physical punishment
    4. D.
      suggest physical punishment should be used at home

This is the SCIENCE IN THE NEWS, I’m Barbara Klein.
Animal experts say one of the world’s most beautiful and rare kinds of big cat is close to disappearing from the wild. A study earlier this year found that about thirty Amur leopards(豹) still live free. The cats are also called Far Eastern leopards.
Recently, their numbers have been reduced by one. Some person shot a female Amur, then beat her to death. The animal’s body was discovered last month in the Barsovy National Wildlife Refuge in eastern Russia.
An official of the World Wildlife Fund, Darron, said this was the third such killing in the area in the past fives years. Mr. Collins said the death of even one adult female is a huge loss for the endangered cat. He noted that the killing reduces the possibility for cubs(幼兽) or young.
It is not clear how many Amur leopards still live free. One population count was performed in February and March. Wildlife expert Dmitry Pikuuov led this study. It found evidence of seven to nine males. The study identified(确定) three to seven females without cubs. Four leopards were identified as females with cubs. In all, five or six cubs were recorded. Six to eight animals could not be identified.
Most of the land where the Amur leopard once lived was in China. New roads and climate change there threatened(威胁) the animals. So did hunters who kill big cats for their body parts.
Mr. Pikuuov says adult Amurs need about five hundred square kilometers with good forests to survive. He said they also need a large and continuing supply of animals like deer for food. He believes the answer to saving the Amur leopard is for governments to provide protected spaces for wildlife

  1. 1.

    This passage is probably from______.

    1. A.
      a magazine
    2. B.
      a newspaper report
    3. C.
      a TV report
    4. D.
      a film
  2. 2.

    Why is the killing of an adult female a huge loss?

    1. A.
      It could lead to the death of an adult male
    2. B.
      It means it can not give birth to the young any more
    3. C.
      It is worth more money than a male
    4. D.
      There is only one adult female in the world
  3. 3.

    The number of the Amur leopards in China is becoming smaller because of all the following EXCEPT

    1. A.
      new roads
    2. B.
      climate change
    3. C.
      human hunting
    4. D.
      rare diseases
  4. 4.

    According to the experts the Amur leopards ______.

    1. A.
      are living on plants
    2. B.
      are living in the zoo
    3. C.
      are well protected by people
    4. D.
      are endangered

“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my dream took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was exposed to more, my interests in the world of dance certainly varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a reality: I became a member of the company dating back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely lacks any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief until I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually expect to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely astonished. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the chance, it did not come without its fair share of challenge. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to pick up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme attention to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us apart. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals with a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new meaning of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical boundaries were pushed much further than I thought possible. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great honor of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a tradition that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams

  1. 1.

    How many years has the Capital Dancing Company existed when the author received the phone call from it?

    1. A.
      180
    2. B.
      1925
    3. C.
      2005
    4. D.
      80
  2. 2.

    How did the author feel when she look back on that day now?

    1. A.
      strange
    2. B.
      unrealistic
    3. C.
      indifferent
    4. D.
      lucky
  3. 3.

    Which of the following statement can best interpret the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

    1. A.
      Though I was excited, I should share the chance with others
    2. B.
      Though I was excited, it’s fair to share the chance when there is challenge
    3. C.
      Though I was excited, it’s a challenge for me to share the chance with others
    4. D.
      Though I was excited, I know clearly where there is chance there is challenge
  4. 4.

    What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?

    1. A.
      The company values practice most
    2. B.
      The company extremely focus on intelligence
    3. C.
      The company has an inherited tradition of inspiring its members break their limits
    4. D.
      The company sets the members apart in order to extremely stress detail and practice

Fun Day
To celebrate the   Year of the snake
Organised by Lam   Tin Youth Centre and Kwun Tong High School
Date: 2 February   2013
Time: 10 am—5 pm
Place: Kwun Tong   Playground
Fee: $20 (buy   three get one free)
Programmes: drama,   lion dance, magic show and ballet performance
Highlights: 1)   enter the lucky draw to win a digital camera
  2) learn to make festival food
  Join us on the Fun Day!
  All are welcome!
  Free Soft Drinks
Note:
● Tickets are   available at the General Office of Lam Tin Youth Center
● For those who   would like to be a volunteer, please contact Miss Olivia Wong one week before   the activity.

  1. 1.

    What you have just read is a ______.

    1. A.
      note
    2. B.
      poster
    3. C.
      schedule
    4. D.
      report
  2. 2.

    What is going to take place on 2 February 2013?

    1. A.
      A big event to welcome a Chinese new year
    2. B.
      A social gathering to raise money for wildlife
    3. C.
      A party for close friends to meet and have fun
    4. D.
      A meeting of Kwun Tong High School students
  3. 3.

    How much do you have to pay in total if four of you go together?

    1. A.
      $20
    2. B.
      $40
    3. C.
      $80
    4. D.
      $60
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements is true?

    1. A.
      Tickets are sold in Kwun Tong High School
    2. B.
      Free digital cameras are provided for everybody
    3. C.
      It’s unnecessary to take soft drinks with you
    4. D.
      Festival food will be served without extra charge

We Should All Grow Fat and Be Happy
Here’s a familiar version of the boy-meets-girl situation. A young man has at last plucked up courage to invite a dazzling young lady out to dinner. She has accepted his invitation and he is overjoyed. He is determined to take her to the best restaurant in town, even if it means that he will have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come. When they get to the restaurant, he discovers that this ethereal creature is on a diet. She mustn’t eat this and she mustn’t that. Oh, but of course, she doesn’t want to spoil his enjoyment. Let him by all means eat as much fattening food as he wants: it’s the surest way to an early grave. They spend a truly memorable evening together and never see each other again.
What a miserable lot dieters are! You can always recognize them from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts; gazing at themselves in mirrors; and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, protruding tummies and double chins. Some wage all-out war on FAT. Mere dieting is not enough. They exhaust themselves doing exercises, sweating in sauna baths, being pummeled and massaged by weird machines. The really wealthy diet-mongers pay vast sums for ‘health cures’. For two weeks they can enter a nature clinic and be starved to death for a hundred guineas a week. Don’t think it’s only the middle-aged who go in for these fads either. Many of these bright young things you see are suffering from chronic malnutrition: they are living on nothing but air, water and the goodwill of God.
Dieters undertake to starve themselves of their own free will; so why are they so miserable? Well, for one thing, they’re always hungry. You can’t be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible concoctions they eat instead of food leave them permanently dissatisfied. Wonderfood(奇妙的事物) is a complete food, the advertisement says. ‘Just dissolve a teaspoonful in water…’. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as a juicy steak. And, of course, they’re always miserable because they feel so guilty. Hunger just proves too much for them and in the end they lash out and devour five huge guilt-inducing cream cakes at a sitting. And who can blame them? At least three times a day they are exposed to temptation. What utter torture it is always watching others tucking into piles of mouth-watering food while you munch a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice!
What’s all this self-inflicted torture for? Saintly people deprive themselves of food to attain a state of grace. Unsaintly（saintly<圣洁的>的反义词） people do so to attain a state of misery. It will be a great day when all the dieters in the world abandon their slimming courses; when they hold out their plates and demand second helpings!

  1. 1.

    The best title for this passage is

    1. A.
      On Fat
    2. B.
      We Should All Grow Fat and Be Happy
    3. C.
      Many Diseases Are Connected with Fat
    4. D.
      Diet Deprives People of Normal Life
  2. 2.

    Why do they never see each other again?

    1. A.
      Because it is a memorable evening
    2. B.
      Because she lets him eat as much fattening food as he wants
    3. C.
      Because she does not eat this and drink that
    4. D.
      Because eating fattening food is the surest way to an early grave
  3. 3.

    Which of the following ways is NOT mentioned for diet?

    1. A.
      Doing exercises
    2. B.
      Not eating sugar
    3. C.
      Not eating fat
    4. D.
      Taking sauna baths
  4. 4.

    What is the author’s attitude toward diet?

    1. A.
      Persuasive
    2. B.
    3. C.
      ritical
    4. D.
    5. E.
      ndifferent
    6. F.
      Adversative

As a youngster, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me. I was used to tidy living rooms that seemed to whisper, "Not to be touched!"
I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally, one spring afternoon, I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
"I, uh-I want to climb the stone walls," I said. Everyone looked up. "Can I climb the stone walls? "Immediately voices of disagreement went up from the women in the room. "Heavens, no!" You'll hurt yourself!" I wasn't too disappointed; the response was just as I'd expected. But before I could leave the room, I was stopped by my grandfather's loud voice. "Now hold on just a minute," I heard him say. "Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself."
"Go," he said to me, "and come and see me when you get back." For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls -and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I'll never forget what he said. "Fred," he said, smiling, "You made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there's only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are."
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. "There's only one person in this whole world like you," the kids can count on hearing me say, "and people can like you exactly as you are.”

  1. 1.

    When the writer was small, he lived        

    1. A.
      in the city
    2. B.
      on the farm
    3. C.
      with his grandparents
    4. D.
      away from his parents
  2. 2.

    The writer enjoyed his visits to the farm because        

    1. A.
      there were old stone walls
    2. B.
      it was an exciting place for him
    3. C.
      he liked his grandfather
    4. D.
      the living room there was clean
  3. 3.

    The underlined word “approve” in paragraph 2 means        

    1. A.
      prove
    2. B.
      suppose
    3. C.
      allow
    4. D.
      mind
  4. 4.

    We can learn from the passage that the writer was        

    1. A.
      adventurous
    2. B.
      funny
    3. C.
      smart
    4. D.
      talkative

When I first got an email account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisement and other correspondence that do not interest the at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need special laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam, the problem will certainly get much worse. Computer programs allow spammers to spend hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail on for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are, in the end, passed on to the consumer.
For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience

  1. 1.

    What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?       

    1. A.
      messages
    2. B.
      ideas
    3. C.
      connections
    4. D.
      programs
  2. 2.

    According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?       

    1. A.
      Companies rely on e-mail for communications
    2. B.
      More people in the world communicate by e-mail
    3. C.
      Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail
    4. D.
      More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam
  3. 3.

    According to Paragraph 3,who is the final victim of spam?         

    1. A.
      The business
    2. B.
      The advertiser
    3. C.
      The employee
    4. D.
      The consumer
  4. 4.

    What is the purpose of the text?        

    1. A.
      To inform
    2. B.
      To educate
    3. C.
      To persuade
    4. D.
      To instruct

The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.
“So,” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name ? ”
“Are you sure you want to hear it ? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack.
“Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!”
“Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale.
“Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in . In those days, the area looked quite different ---- it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
“ ‘You are clearing too much land, ’ warned one old man. ‘ The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. ’
“ ‘ Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’”
“Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”
“What happened? ” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
“The land hit back ---- just as the old man warned, ” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”
“What a stupid story, ” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t …” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke

  1. 1.

    The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________

    1. A.
      courage
    2. B.
      assistance
    3. C.
      instruction
    4. D.
      challenge
  2. 2.

    Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?

    1. A.
      To frighten them
    2. B.
      To satisfy their curiosity
    3. C.
      To warn them of the danger of the place
    4. D.
      To persuade them to camp in the swamp
  3. 3.

    Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?

    1. A.
      The old man envied him
    2. B.
      The old man was foolish
    3. C.
      He was too busy to listen to others
    4. D.
      He was greedy for more crops
  4. 4.

    Why did Tom scream and faint?

    1. A.
      He saw Dennis’s shadow
    2. B.
      He was scared by a plant
    3. C.
      His friends played a joke on him
    4. D.
      The weather became extremely cold
  5. 5.

    What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?

    1. A.
      Grasp all, lose all
    2. B.
      No sweat, no sweet
    3. C.
      It is no use crying over spilt milk
    4. D.
      He who makes no mistakes makes nothing

Here is an astonishing and signficant fact:Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered thett blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day labourer, we could find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxing at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours f efforts as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired.
Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue come from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists. J. A. Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares,“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired?Joy?Satifaction?No!A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of nt being appreciated---those are emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body

  1. 1.

    What surprised the scientists a few years ago?

    1. A.
      Fatigue toxinscould hardly be found in a labour’s blood
    2. B.
      Albert Eistein didn’t feel worn out after a day’s work
    3. C.
      The brain could wrk for many hours without fatigue
    4. D.
      A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins
  2. 2.

    According to the authour,which of the following can make sitting worker tired？

    1. A.
      Challenge mental work
    2. B.
      Unpleasant emotions
    3. C.
      Endless tasks
    4. D.
      Physical labor
  3. 3.

    What’s the authour’s attitude towards the scientists’ ideas?

    1. A.
      He agrees with them
    2. B.
      He doubts them
    3. C.
      He argues against them
    4. D.
      He hesitates to accept them
  4. 4.

    We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energic, sitting workers need to ______

    1. A.
      have some good blood
    2. B.
      enjoy their work
    3. C.
      exercise regularly
    4. D.
      discover fatigue toxin
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