Question

【题目】Do you like what’s on the menu in the cafeteria? In 2010, the government passed the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. Since then, lunches have been a topic of debate.

The purpose of the act was to make school lunches more healthy. But critics say the government’s standards are too strict. Some students refuse to eat what is offered.

At one time, lawmakers considered a nutritious lunch essential to the good of the nation. At the end of the 1800s, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Boston, Massachusetts, were the first two cities to offer school lunches for students.

In the 1930s, the federal government became involved in school food programs. The government hoped to accomplish three goals. It wanted to help farmers earn money, give people jobs, and feed hungry children. By 1941, school meal programs operated in every state plus Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico. More than 2 million lunches were served daily.

During World War Ⅱ, the number of school meals declines. So in 1946, Congress passed the National School Lunch Act. It said the health of the nation’s children was a matter of “national security.” The act guaranteed aid to states for “providing an adequate supply of food.”

In 1966, milk and breakfast programs were added. But in 1981, the government cut lunch spending by $1.5 billion. Gradually, profit-based businesses became more involved in providing school meals.

Those in favor of the current plan say it is working. Kids are getting more-nutritious meals. Still, the debate continues. The original role of school lunch was to ensure children are well-fed and healthy so they can grow, learn, and help the country. Surely we can all agree on that.

【1】Why did the government pass the Act in 2010?

A. To offer more jobs

B. To help farmers earn money

C. To perform the role of the government

D. To provide healthy lunches for students

【2】How is the passage mainly developed?

A. In order of time B. In order of importance

C. By listing examples D. By giving explanations

【3】From the passage, we can infer that .

A. The government cares much about students’ health

B. All the people support the government’s lunch act

C. The government’s lunch act doesn’t work at all

D. School meals are completely provided by the government

【4】What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. People’s debate B. Nutritious school meals

C. The original role of school lunch D. The government’s lunch act

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】本文介绍政府提倡的健康午餐。在2010年政府通过the Act是为了为学生提供健康午餐。政府非常关心孩子们的健康。

【1】D

推理判断题。根据第二段第一句The purpose of the act was to make school lunches more healthy.可知，在2010年政府通过the Act是为了为学生提供健康午餐。故选D。

【2】A

推理判断题。根据第三段中的At the end of the 1800s,第二段中的In the 1930s, By 1941,第三段中的So in 1946,第四段中的In 1966, But in 1981,和第一段中的In 2010,由此可知，这篇文章是按时间顺序来发展的。故选A。

【3】A

推理判断题。根据最后一段中Those in favor of the current plan say it is working. Kids are getting more-nutritious meals. Still, the debate continues. The original role of school lunch was to ensure children are well-fed and healthy so they can grow, learn, and help the country.可知政府非常关心孩子们的健康。故选A。

【4】C

词义猜测题。根据最后一段中. The original role of school lunch was to ensure children are well-fed and healthy so they can grow, learn, and help the country. 学校午餐的最初的作用是保证孩子吃得好并且健康，所以他们可以成长、学习和帮助国家。可知下句：Surely we can all agree on that.当然我们完全同意那个。此处的that指的就是The original role of school lunch。

故选C。

任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义进行推测。本题第4小题就是一道词义猜测题。根据最后一段中. The original role of school lunch was to ensure children are well-fed and healthy so they can grow, learn, and help the country. 学校午餐的最初的作用是保证孩子吃得好并且健康，所以他们可以成长、学习和帮助国家。可知下句：Surely we can all agree on that.当然我们完全同意那个。此处的that指的就是The original role of school lunch。