A child is likely to slip down on the marble floors, because they are too . A. calm B. bright C. clean D. smooth 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

A child is likely to slip down on the marble floors, because they are too _________.

A. calm　　　 B. bright　　　　 C. clean　　　　 D. smooth

smooth 光滑。calm 平静；bright 明亮；clean 干净。

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Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.

1．. Before children start speaking，what is greatly different?________.

A. the amount of listening

B. a number of listening

C. the sound of listening

D. the meaning of listening

2. starters are often long listeners, the sentence means one can ________.

A. be hard to speak fluently

B. begin to speak quickly

C. start with listening

D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly

3. these can not be said to show a baby’s intention to speak, these refer to ________.

A. pain　　

B. happiness

C. kindness

D. above of all

4. according to the writer, we can draw a conclusion that ________.

A. children are fond of imitating

B. these imitation can be considered as speech

C. children get more experience of the world

D. children’s use of words are often meaningless when a child is six months, he

5. When a child is six months, he can ________.

A. call his mama

B. imitate many languages

C. store new words

D. play with sounds

By the time a child is five, he _______ hundreds of hours of television.

A．will watch B．will have watched C．had watched D．is watching

Speech—the act of uttering sounds to convey meaning—is a kind of human action. Like any other

constantly repeated action, speaking has to be learned, but once it is learned, it becomes a generally

unconscious and apparently automatic process.

As far as we can determine, human beings do not need to be forced to speak; most babies seem to possess a

sort of instinctive drive to produce speech like noises. How to speak and what to say are another matter

altogetner. There actions are learned from the particular society into which the baby is born; so that, like all

conduct that is learned from a society—from the people around us—speech is a patterned activity.

The meandering(漫目无地的)babble(咿呀学语)and chatter of a young child are eventually channeled by

imitation into a few orderly grooves that represent the pattern accepted as meaningful by the people around

him. Similarly, a child’s indiscriminate(不加分辨的)practice of putting things into his mouth becomes limited to putting food into his mouth in a certain way.

The sounds that a child can make are more varied and numerous than the sounds that any particular language uses. However, a child born into a society with a pattem of language is encouraged to make a small selection of sounds and to make these few sounds over and over until it is natural for him to make these

sounds and not others.

1.For an adult, the process of speaking usually involves .

A. conscious selection of sounds B. imitation of those around him

C. a drive to make noises D. unconscious actions

2.The selection says that most babies have an instinctive drive to .

A. express ideas in words B. make speech like noise

C. convey meaning D. imitate sounds around them

3.Conduct that is learned from a society may be called .

A. instinctive drive B. selection C. automatic activity D. patterned activity

4.The sounds that a child is able to make are .

A. not as varied as those used in language B. more varied and numerous than those in any language

C. far fewer than those needed to form a language D. completely different from the sounds of language

5.We may say that a child has learned to speak if he .

A. makes varied sounds B. carefully considers each sound he makes

C. makes only certain sounds naturally D. imitates people around him

Healthy eating habits are one of the most important lessons a child learns. Parents can make a plan of action for each child’s nutritional needs.

Creating healthy habits

Breakfast is necessary to provide the nutrition and energy for an active day. Studies show that children do better in school when they begin the day with breakfast.

Include your child as much as possible in meal planning and preparation. He is more likely to eat food that he has helped put on the table. Cooking at home and at school encourages curiosity and motivation to try new foods.

The mealtime enviroment has a lot to do with how your child will feel about food. Try to keep the time and location of your meals consistent. Keep the meal itself as the main event by reserving the use of toys, telephone calls and television for later.

Help them regard food such as fruit as being important every day, and other food such as chips as being an occasional treat. Prepare food in a variety of ways.

Snacks

Snacks provide necessary energy for children between meals. Be sure to have plenty of healthy snack choices such as fruit and yogurt available at these times. Snacks should not replace a meal but provide a valuable supplement.

1.The passage is written mainly to

A. teach children to develop good eating habits.

B. exchange ideas with experienced parents

C. learn about children’s food preferrences

D. offer parents some useful suggestions

2.A child is more likely to try new foods

A. when he spends time with other children

B. if he helps prepare the food himself

C. after he has had an active day

D. when he has no snacks

3.The underlined word “reserving” most probably means

A. putting into B. calling for C. talking about D. setting aside

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. You are what you eat

B. Cook dinner for your child

C. Healthy eating for kids

D. Pleasure in everyday meals

第二节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—50各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was interested to read a newspaper article about a new concept in old people’s homes in France. The idea is simple 41 revolutionary -- combining a residential （住宅的）home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and 42 activities such as music, painting, gardening, and 43 for the pets which the residents are encouraged to keep. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling stories to the children, and 44 a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always somebody attending to (照顾) him. There are trips out and birthday parties, too.

The 45 are enormous for everyone concerned. The children are happy because they get a lot more individual 46 and respond well because someone has time for them. They also learn that old people are not “different” or “frightening” in 47 way. And of course, they see illness and death and learn to 48 them. The residents are happy because they feel 49 and needed. They are more active and more interested in life when the children are around and they take more interest in their appearance, too. And the staff（全体职员） are happy because they see an improvement in the 50 and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the children.

41. A. or B. so C. nor D. but

42. A. share B. examine C. control D. engage

43. A. asking B. sending C. caring D. looking

44. A. though B. because C. unless D. if

45. A. advantages B. actions C. difficulties D. comforts

46. A. though B. attention C. rest D. freedom

47. A. no B. any C. another D. the

48. A. value B. admit C. accept D. overcome

49. A. useful B. faithful C. powerful D. skillful

50. A. normal B. public C. economic D. physical

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