Question

【题目】 Dr. Faisal Zawawi, an Otolaryngologist and member of the McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory, notes that when a person is exposed to loud noises it can cause short-term hearing loss but that under normal circumstances the body typically is able to repair the loss of hearing within 72 hours. However, Zawawi warns that if symptoms are not reversed (倒转) in the first 72 hours the damage could become permanent. Due to findings in previous studies about it, Zawawi says that the team of researchers has suspected that something may stop this repair process; therefore, the team set out to determine if caffeine could be a contributing cause to hearing loss. According to the Medical Daily, the researchers tested what they suspected on female guinea pigs(FGP) (豚鼠).

To perform the test, 24 female guinea pigs were split into three equal groups with each group exposed in different levels to caffeine, and loud noises. The researchers found that the guinea pigs subjected to only sound had their full hearing recovered by day eight. However, the guinea pigs that were subjected to both caffeine and loud noise never fully regained their hearing. Therefore，the researchers concluded that caffeine is a likely contributing cause to permanent hearing loss.

“This research confirms that while a cup of coffee may seem appealing after a long night at a loud concert, drinking caffeine produces more of a risk than benefit when it comes to a person's hearing. Although further research is required to understand the effect on humans, the results are promising," says Zawawi. If the research proves successful, the removal of caffeine from your diet following noise exposure could prevent permanent hearing loss as the body will be more able to repair itself naturally.

【1】What caused the team to do the research?

A.Caffeine loving people suffering hearing loss.

B.The results about hearing loss found before.

C.The finding that FGPs are sensitive to noise.

D.The fact that many people drink coffee.

【2】What is Zawawi's view about temporary hearing loss?

A.Drinking coffee daily results in it.

B.Drink less coffee while suffering it.

C.Generally people can recover from it in 3 days.

D.The continuous noise exposure surely causes it.

【3】What can we learn about hearing from the text?

A.Coffee can stop it from recovering.

B.Coffee Can lead to quick hearing loss.

C.Hearing loss after noise exposure is normal.

D.Loud noise causes people to lose it forever.

【4】How does Zawawi assess the research?

A.It's controversial.B.It's unnecessary to carry it on.

C.It's not predictable.D.It's almost successful.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【解析】

本文是说明文。Zawawi博士指出在正常情况下，暂时性听力损伤，72小时内可以修复。如果症状在最初的72小时内不被逆转，将会是永久性的损伤。研究人员通过实验表明，咖啡因可能是导致听力无法恢复的原因。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段“Due to findings in previous studies about it, Zawawi says that the team of researchers has suspected that something may stop this repair process”可知，由于以前的研究结果，研究小组怀疑某种东西可能会阻止这种修复过程。于是研究小组决定进行研究。故选B 项。

【2】细节理解题。根据第一段“when a person is exposed to loud noises it can cause short-term hearing loss but that under normal circumstances the body typically is able to repair the loss of hearing within 72 hours”可知，当一个人暴露在巨大的噪音中，可能会导致短期的听力损失，但在正常情况下，身体通常能够在72小时内修复听力损失。由此可知，Zawawi 认为在正常情况下，暂时性听力受损在3天内可以恢复。 故选C项。

【3】细节理解题。根据第三段“the researchers concluded that caffeine is a likely contributing cause to permanent hearing loss”可知，研究人员得出结论：咖啡因可能导致永久性听力损伤，使听力无法恢复。故选A 项。

【4】推理判断题。根据第三段“Although further research is required to understand the effect on humans, the results are promising”可知，虽然还需要进一步的研究来了解其对人类的影响，但研究结果是有希望的。由此可知，Zawawi评论该项研究几乎是成功的。故选D项。

长难句的阅读理解方法——结构分析法

　　所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。基本步骤是：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。

1. 带有较多成分的简单句

处理方法——找主谓语，即找主干成分。

如：To perform the test, 24 female guinea pigs were split into three equal groups with each group exposed in different levels to caffeine, and loud noises.

此句是简单句。主干部分是24 female guinea pigs were split into three equal groups, 前面是不定式作目的状语To perform the test，后面是“with的复合结构” with each group exposed…。

句意：为了进行测试，24只雌性豚鼠被分成三个相等的组，每组都接触不同程度的咖啡因和噪音。

2. 含有多个从句的复合句

处理方法——找从属连词
如：If the research proves successful, the removal of caffeine from your diet following noise exposure could prevent permanent hearing loss as the body will be more able to repair itself naturally.

此句中含有两个复合句，句子主干部分the removal of caffeine …could prevent…，句中有从属连词if和 as, 其中if引导条件状语从句If the research proves successful，as引导原因状语从句as the body will be more able to repair itself naturally。

句意：如果这项研究证明是成功的，在接触噪音后从你的饮食中去除咖啡因，可以防止永久性的听力损伤，因为身体将更能自然地修复。

3. 含有多个插入成分的句子。如：

处理方法——删掉插入语，跳过同位语，读懂主句

如：Dr. Faisal Zawawi, an Otolaryngologist and member of the McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory, notes that when a person is exposed to loud noises it can cause short-term hearing loss此句看起来很长， 但是一个简单句，阅读时跳过同位语 an Otolaryngologist and member of the McGill Auditory Sciences Laboratory，可看出句子主干部分是Dr. Faisal Zawawi…notes that….，that后是宾语从句，宾语从句中又有when引导的时间状语从句。

句意：耳鼻喉科医生、McGill听觉科学实验室成员Faisal Zawawi博士指出，当一个人接触到响亮的噪音时，会造成短期听力损伤。