There’s a whole lot of things that people fill their stomachs with. Some of them keep people alive. Some of them taste good to people. Some of them help people win pie-eating contests. Alcohol does none of these things. Why do people keep drinking it? And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?

There are all kinds of alcohol molecules (分子), but the one that people most often pour down their throat is ethanol (乙醇). Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in water, so it gets into all sorts of places that it’s not supposed to. Alcohol heads for the digestive system. Because it dissolves in water, it can get into the water in the bloodstream. Because ethanol, to a certain extent, can pass through cell membranes(膜). It can go almost anywhere. It spreads through the muscles, and is sweated(出汗) — unmetabolized(未经新陈代谢的) and whole — through the skin. It gets into the heart. It even takes a walk through the brain, and this is the secret of its powers.

Alcohol depresses the nerves, and the nerves affect almost every area of the body. Enough alcohol makes people sleep, so people who become unconscious choke on their own vomit (呕吐物). Most worryingly, enough alcohol can shut down those parts of the brain just like any other parts. People become unconscious and their brains simply forget to breathe.

Alcohol is broken down in the liver. Alcohol doesn’t destroy the liver, but products that the liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage. A glass of wine per day can not do any harm. Instead, it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young. And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes, relaxation and cheer can be bottled. All that’s needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a person’s brain.

1.How does the author introduce the topic of the text?

A. By statement.B. By question.

C. By arguing.D. By explaining.

2.Why can alcohol reach the brain?

A. Because it can move through water molecules in the blood.

B. Because it is small enough to get through any narrow space.

C. Because it is so light that the bloodstream can transport.

D. Because it is absorbed only by the cells in the stomach.

3.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A. Alcohol affects the work of the nerves.

B. Alcohol has an effect on people’s breath.

C. People are drunk when their brains get drunk.

D. Drinking too much is quite dangerous.

4.From the passage, we can know ________.

A. many people like a drink when they feel relaxed

B. enough alcohol can control the brain activities

C. alcohol damages the liver indirectly

D. proper alcohol may lead to better sleep

What is eco-fashion?Eco-fashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry. It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion —‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’. Ecological fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them;ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.

What are the problems with fashion? A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides;sheep-farming and wool­cleaning contribute to global warming;synthetics-making (人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment. Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.

Then, how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity. The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion. To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers,to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand,as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.

There is some concern that eco friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn't happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.

Why choose eco-fashion?

1.of fashion

Ecological

Textile & clothing production processes; Issues related to2.

Ethical

Working 3. involved

Problems with fashion

Textile 4.

Cotton-planting: use of pesticides;

Sheep-farming & wool-cleaning: global warming;

Synthetics-making: 5. waste

Clothing production

Producing a lot of waste;

Using harmful chemicals;

6. a great deal of energy

Consumption levels & shopping habits

New clothes: bought in increasing quantities

Old clothes: 7. away quickly

8.to problems

Fashion producers

Ways to recycle and9.waste:

Switching to green energy;

Reducing energy use;

Selecting sustainable materials;

Choosing local suppliers

10.

Selecting environmentally friendly clothing

Reducing clothing consumption

Choosing eco-fashion can contribute to our personal health.

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Many times we do something positive or say something kind, but we don’t see the influence it has on other people. We may these “random(随意的)acts of kindness”, but we never know what happens next. One time, I was lucky enough to .

I was returning from a trip I stopped to refuel and get snack at a gas station. It was late. I was , and home was still more than two hours away. I was feeling , and my back hurt from all the .

I went . The checker smiled at me, and we for a moment. I don’t remember what she said, but I do remember the she showed me. I was by her kindness. It kept me going on my journey home.

The next week, I was cleaning my purse, and I the receipt. The receipt(收据) reminded me of the clerk’s , and it had the address of the store. I decided to a thank-you note to her manager. In the letter I told the manager that his employee’s kind words and caring attitude stood out to me, my trip home.

A week , that clerk wrote me back. As a result of my note, she got a(n) from her manager and a company award. I was . Robin’s kindness inspired me to return her positivity.

Mother Teresa us to “do small things with great love”. Oftentimes, when we do such small things, we don’t get to see the effects of our kind words or deeds, every so often, we’re blessed to discover the positive outcome.

1. A. imagine B. practice C. devote D. dream

2.A. work out B. figure outC. make out D. find out

3.A. when B. why C. whether D. that

4.A. clever B. tired C. lazy D. poor

5.A. down B. well C. upset D. disappointed

6.A. driving B. running C. swimmingD. walking

7.A. outside B. away C. off D. inside

8.A. believed B. explainedC. shouted D. chatted

9.A. exactlyB. surprisingly C. carelessly D. unluckily

10.A. interest B. kindness C. shame D. pity

11.A. hungry B. refreshed C. crazy D. angry

12.A. came acrossB. dropped offC. called on D. looked for

13.A. feelings B. warmth C. strength D. interests

14.A. check B. book C. write D. copy

15.A. designing B. repairing C. taking D. brightening

16.A. ago B. later C. since D. lately

17.A. operation B. suggestionC. employmentD. praise

18.A. successful B. shocked C. happyD. thankful

19.A. advised B. forced C. suggestedD. demanded

20.A. as B. though C.so D. but

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