Question

【题目】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found．

Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．Then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined（检疫隔离）them for five days and kept track of who got sick．

Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”—the percentage of time in bed that you’re actually sleeping—were also less likely to get sick．

The results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies（抗体）to the virus．

The researchers aren’t exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold．But they do try to give an answer: “Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators（调节因子）that are released in response to infection．” In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you’re infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold．

The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health．

【1】According to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2?

A．areas of knowledge in a school

B．people being studied in an experiment

C．research topics

D．animals being tested

【2】It is shown in the passage that _______．

A．the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviews

B．the researchers do their research in the National Institutes of Health

C．people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possible

D．sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators

【3】What’s the best title of the passage?

A．The Relationship Between Virus and Cold

B．How to Sleep Well

C．Good Sleep Helps Fight a Cold

D．The More the Sleep, the Better Your Body

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【解析】

试题分析：文章是一篇调查研究，即一周平均每天睡眠少于7个小时患病毒感冒的几率是睡眠8小时或更多的3倍，文章引导了人们的健康生活方式。

【1】B 本题考查推理判断。根据原文Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．研究者为了确保调查的真实性和科学性，于是就电话追踪了受访者，对他们进行数据上的记录，所以选择B。

【2】D 本题考查细节理解。根据原文Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness可以直接得出D项是正确的。

【3】C 本题考查主旨要义。文章以睡眠时间引入话题，说明了睡眠时间长短对人们身体健康的直接影响，所以选择C项。