题目内容

Large quantities of cotton ________ shipped all over the world already.

A. has                          B. has been C. have   D. have been

D

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Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you're doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you're holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉)  of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions－those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

Psychologists have known that one person's perception (感知) of another's "warmth" is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either "warm" or "cold" is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a "cold" person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies' conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth "mother" rather than one made of wire, even when the wire "mother" carried a food bottle. Harlow's work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills. Feelings of "warmth" and "coldness" in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as "warm " or "cold" is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study's hypotheses (假设) , handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of "Person A" based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

" We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly," says Bargh.

The author mentions Harlow's experiment to show that _________ .

A. adults should develop social skills         B. babies need warm physical contact

C. caregivers should be healthy adults        D. monkeys have social relationships

In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to _________ .

A. evaluate someone's personality                B. write down their hypotheses

C. fill out a personal information form        D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

We can infer from the passage that _________ .

A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

C. physical temperature affects how we see others

D. capable persons are often cold to others

What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships 

B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation

C. Developing Better Drinking Habits

D. Physical Sensations and Emotions

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. Earthquakes happen along "fault lines" in the earth’s crust. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas although they usually last less than one minute. Earthquakes cannot be predicted -- although scientists are working on it!

Most of the time, you will notice an earthquake by the gentle shaking of the ground. You may notice hanging plants swaying or objects wobbling on shelves. Sometimes you may hear a low rumbling noise or feel a sharp jolt. A survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco said the sensation was like riding a bicycle down a long flight of stairs.

The intensity of an earthquake can be measured. One measurement is called the Richter scale. Earthquakes below 4.0 on the Richter scale usually do not cause damage, and earthquakes below 2.0 usually can’t be felt. Earthquakes over 5.0 on the scale can cause damage. A magnitude 6.0 earthquake is considered strong and a magnitude 7.0 is a major earthquake. The Northridge Earthquake, which hit Southern California in 1994, was magnitude 6.7.

Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes, shakers or seismic activity. The most important thing to remember during an earthquake is to DROP, COVER and HOLD ON. So remember to DROP to the floor and get under something for COVER and HOLD ON during the shaking.

Which statement about earthquakes is not correct?

A. Earthquakes are the result of the sudden shock of the earth’s surface.

B. Earthquakes usually can be felt because they can last for a long time.

C. There are usually some signs for people to notice an earthquake.

D. People can feel an earthquake over 6.0 because it is very strong.

According to the passage, when the earthquake happened, a survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco_______.

A. was riding a bicycle                 B. was just climbing the stairs

C. heard a low rumbling noise                  D. felt like riding a bicycle

What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Most of the time, people can not feel or predict the earthquakes.  

B. Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes shakers or seismic activity.

C. The Northridge Earthquake in Southern California in 1994 caused severe damage.

D. When an earthquake happens, it is important to drop on the floor immediately.

We often think of future．We often wonder what the world would be like in a hundred years' time.

Think of space, perhaps a permanent(永久的) station on the moon will have been set up．Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as tourists．Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, permitting long journeys throughout the solar system(太阳系)．When that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space and visiting other planets．Great progress will have been discovered for the most terrible of all diseases—cancer．Pollution is a problem we must solve．In a hundred years' time it will have been controlled.

All the world will have been developed—even Antarctica．There will be large cities in Antarctica．We already have supersonic(超音速的) flight, but in a hundred years' time we will have supersonic land travel as well.

We will have used up most of earth's land to build our cities, so floating cities will have been built．The Japanese already have plans for cities of this kind．And there will be cities under the sea．The first of these will have been completed.

We will have developed __________ in a hundred years' time, permitting long journeys all over the solar system.

       A．cheap rockets for space travel        B．a plane for space travel

       C．a permanent spaceship                 D．a satellite for tourists

The last paragraph mainly talks about _____________.

       A．new ways of building cities         B．the building of cities under the sea

       C．the building of floating cities in Japan D．the danger which earth's land will face

The best title for the passage is ______________.

       A．Travel in the Future              B．Future Life

       C．Where to Live in the Future  D．Space Travel

Detectives often look for footprints when they try to solve crimes. Scientists use footprints, too—dinosaur footprints when they try to figure out how dinosaurs lived and moved.

Dinosaurs died out about 65 million years ago. Today scientists work to solve the mysteries of these ancient animals.

Footprints, or tracks(脚印), are an important way to learn about dinosaurs. Christian Meyer of the Natural History Museum in Basel, Switzerland, calls dinosaur tracks “the closest thing to a movie” of dinosaurs.

“They tell us something about the size of the animal, the way they were walking…they tell us something about their speed,” Meyer said.

Tracks also show that dinosaurs sometimes traveled in groups. Traveling in groups probably helped dinosaurs protect themselves from enemies. Plus, some meat-eating dinosaurs may have hunted in groups, much like wolves do today. Being in a group could help dinosaurs work together to kill large animals.

Dinosaur footprints can be as small as a few inches across, but they can also be as big as a few feet across. Dinosaur footprints have been found throughout the world at over 1,500 sites, including a T. Rex footprint in New Mexico. “Trackways” are groups of footprints.

And scientists aren’t the only ones finding dinosaur tracks—kids can, too! Eleven-year-old Mark Turner and nine-year-old Daniel Helm discovered dinosaur tracks in British Columbia, anada. Soon scientists began studying the tracks.

Scientists and other people interested in studying dinosaurs are working to save the trackways from activities like construction and mining.

The passage mainly tells us that_______.

there were really dinosaurs on the earth millions of years ago

dinosaurs were the most frightening animals in the past

C. dinosaur footprints are important in learning about dinosaurs

why dinosaurs died out millions of years ago

By studying footprints scientists can know the following EXCEPT _______.

A. how big the dinosaur was             B. what color the dinosaur was

C. how fast the dinosaur could run        D. how the dinosaur walked

By working in groups, some meat-eating dinosaurs_______.

   A. made the hunting of large animals easily

   B. could travel a long way without being lost

   C. could protect themselves from being hunted by wolves

   D. could get to a place faster

From the last paragraph we can infer that some human activities like mining_______.

   A. are helpful to the study of dinosaurs

   B. can help scientists solve many mysteries

   C. can lead to the discovery of the footprints

   D. can destroy the footprints of the dinosaur

Mr. Smith owns ________ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.

A. larger   B. a larger   C. the largest   D. a large

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