题目内容

When people think of the unique characteristics of Beijing the hutong style always comes to mind.It is no exaggeration(夸张) to say within hutong lives the city's history.
The word hutong was borrowed from the Mongolian word to mean “water well” about 700 years ago.Later it referred to a place where people live.Hutong we see today are made up of small lanes formed by walls of siheyuan.They were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
When the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, there were more than 3,000 hutong.Most of the city's population lived in this traditional housing.But with the modernization of the city in the 1980s and early 1990s, many hutong were pulled down to build roads, skyscrapers and modern houses.
The government has recognized the importance of hutong to Chinese cultural heritage(文化遗产)．In 2002, Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones and increased its efforts to restore some key relics and older streets in the city.Nearly 500 hutong have survived.
Hutong that still exist are like oases(绿洲) of calm surrounded by the noisy city.Walking through them, it's common to see groups of elderly citizens sitting together playing cards, mahjong or Chinese chess.In the early mornings and evenings, they gather to practice traditional forms of exercise such as taijiquan as well as dancing and singing folk songs or Peking Opera.Hutong have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history.
小题1:What is the original meaning of the word hutong?
A．Small lanes.B．Water well.
C．Siheyuan.D．A traditional house.
小题2:What does the phrase “pull down” mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Replace.B．Destroy.
C．Restore.D．Establish.
小题3:According to the author, what is the importance of hutong to Chinese cultural heritage?
A．It is a traditional housing style of Beijing.
B．Hutong have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history.
C．It is a good place for the elderly citizens to play cards, mahjong or Chinese
chess.
D．Hutong are like oases of calm of Beijing.
小题4:According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE?
A．Hutong style is one of the unique characteristics of Beijing.
B．In 2002, Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones.
C．Beijing decreased its efforts to restore some key relics and older streets in the city.
D．Hutong have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history.

小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:C

小题1:答案　B　[原文第二段第一句话提到，hutong来自蒙古语，意思是“water well”。]
小题2:答案　B　[根据句意应当是“80年代至90年代初随着城市的现代化，许多胡同被拆掉了，取而代之的是公路、摩天大厦以及现代化的建筑。”]
小题3:答案　B　[根据文章的意思，胡同的重要意义更在于它是北京文化历史的见证。]
小题4:答案　C　[原文第四段第二行提到：中国政府意识到胡同是中国文化历史的变迁，2002年北京列出了40个重点历史文物保护区，并加大了修复历史遗迹的力度。]
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It is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it．The word “huh?” is in worldwide use, a study found．
Researchers discovered that languages spoken in countries from Ghana and Laos to Iceland and Italy all include ‘‘huh?”, or something that sounds very like it. They said that while the study may sound silly，the word is an absolutely necessary part of speech．Without it and similar words，it would be impossible to show that we haven’t heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings．
But while other words used in the same context，such as ‘‘sorry'’ or‘ ‘what”，vary widely across languages，“huh?” remains unchanged．
The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world，including Siwu, which is spoken in Ghana, and an Australian Aboriginal language，as well as Italian，Spanish，Dutch and Mandarin Chinese．
They analyzed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like ‘‘huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated．All contained a version of ‘‘huh?”．The word was also found in another 21 languages．While there were subtle differences in each country, all sounded basically the same．
This is surprising because normally unrelated languages will use very different words to describe the same thing．For instance，the Japanese for “dog’’ is ‘‘inu”，while the French is‘ ‘chien”．It is thought that languages around the world have developed their own version of “huh?’’ because the sound is quick and simple to form，as well as being easily understood．
The researchers，said that it might seem unimportant to carry out scientific research into a word like “huh?'’ but in fact this little word is an essential tool in human communication．They also have an answer for those who claim that ‘‘huh?’’ isn’t a word．They say that it qualifies because of the small differences in its pronunciation in different languages．It also can be considered a word because it’s something we learn to say，rather than a grunt or cry that we are born knowing how to make．
小题1:According to researchers，the word “huh?” is very important in speech because of       .
A．its important function in communication
B．its simple and easy sound and spelling
C．its popularity in every language
D．its stable meaning in language development
小题2:If you hear someone you’re speaking to say “huh?”, what should you do?
A．You should apologize to her for speaking in a low voice．
B．You should invite her to share her different views politely．
C．You should try to say what you’ve just said again in a clearer way．
D．You should ask her to repeat what she says before that.
小题3:The main method used in the research of “huh?” was_____________．
A．comparing different words with the same meaning in different languages
B．interviewing language experts in universities
C．talking with people from ten different countries
D．analyzing the recorded conversations in different languages
小题4: According to researchers，‘‘huh?” should be considered a word rather than a sound because  __________ .
A．it is pronounced quite differently around the world
B．it is something humans learn to say
C．there is a clear and consistent spelling of the word
D．it is listed in most dictionaries
Taiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extremely eleven act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat . Either way , it could be the perfect crime (犯罪), because the criminals are birds—horning pigeons !
The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car : if you want the car back, pay up then, the car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside . Carrying the money in a tiny bag , the pigeon flies off .
There have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home car thief, however , may in face be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind—one that avoid (避免)not only colleting money but going out to steal the car in the first place . Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: he gets money for things he cannot possibly return . Instead of stealing cars , he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car-owner to place an ad (启事) in the newspaper asking for help .
The theory is supported by the fact that , so far , none of the stolen cars have been returned . Also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 Taiwanese dollars –seems too little for a car worth many times more .
Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal . “We have more important things to do, ” he said .
1．After the car owner received a phone call. He          
A．went to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carried
B．gave the money to the thief and had his car back in a park
C．sent some money to the thief by mail
D．told the press about it
2．The “lazier and more inventive” criminal refers to          .
A．the car thief who stays at home     
B．one of those who put the ads in the paper
C．one of the policemen in Changwa  
D．the owner of the pigeons
3．The writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned” to show       .
A．how easily people get fooled by criminals
B．what Chen thinks might be correct
C．the thief is extremely clever
D．the money paid is too little
4．The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to          .
A．criminals            B．pigeons
C．the stolen cars    D．demands for money
5．We may infer from the text that the criminal knows how to reach the car owners because     .
A．he reads the ads in the newspaper  
B．he lives in the same neighborhood
C．he has seen the car owners in the park 
D．he has trained the pigeons to follow them
In parts of Africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.
And in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. The radio station is in one of Senegal’s worst affected regions.
This is West Africa’s biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.
Experts say the great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.
Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.
Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned.
1. The purpose of offering people rice for catching locusts in Senegal is ________.
A. to get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locusts
B. to get more people involved in the war on the locusts
C. to prevent more people from starvation
D. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts
2. Which of the following is not the reason for West Africans going hungry?
A. Locust disaster causes the great damage to crops.
B. Food supply is far from the need of the people.
C. These regions are affected by the war.
D. Governments are unwilling to fight the pest.
3. It can be concluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, ________.
A. leaders of 12 countries in West Africa should call on their people to take action
B. insects experts should be sent to these regions
C. other countries outside Africa should keep close watch on their own lands
D. Help from all over the world is in urgent demand
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Food shortage in Africa.              B. International aid to Africa.
C. The insects attack on Africa.          D. Terrible storm in Africa.
During the twentieth-century there has been a great change in the lives of women. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until sixty.
This important change in women's life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life.
46. We are told that in a family in about 1900        .
A. few children died before they were five
B. seven or eight children lived to be more than five
C. the youngest child would be fifteen
D. four or five children died when they were five
47.One reason why the woman of today may take a job is that she         .
A. is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselves
B. does not like children herself
C. needn't worry about food for her children
D. can be free from family duties when she reaches sixty
48. According to the passage, it is now quite usual for women to        .
A. stay at home after leaving school         
B. marry men younger than themselves
C. start working again later in life          
D. marry while still at school
49.Many girls are now likely to       .
A. give up their jobs for good after they are married
B. leave school as soon as they can
C. marry so that they can get a job
D. continue working until they are going to have a baby
50. Now a husband probably        .
A. plays a greater part in looking after the children
B. helps his wife by doing more of the housework
C. feels dissatisfied with his part in the family
D. takes a part-time job so that he can help in the home
Organic food, once considered something that only health fanatics desired, is now a regular feature at most supermarkets. And that has created a bit of a dilemma. On the one hand, you have a conventionally grown apple. On the other, you have one that’s organic. Both apples are firm, shiny and red. Both provide vitamins and fiber, and both are free of fat, sodium and cholesterol.
Conventionally grown food generally costs less, but is organic food a better choice? The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and sold food products are now being debated on a large scale. Supporters of organic foods ― a term whose meaning varies greatly ―are frequently telling the world that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.
The growing interest of consumers in the safety and nutritional quality of daily foods is a welcome development. However, much of this interest has been aroused by sweeping claims that the conventional food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional needs.
Almost daily, the public is surrounded by claims for “no-aging” diets, new vitamins and other wonder foods. There are numerous unsubstantiated(没证实的) reports that natural vitamins are superior to man-made ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than those treated with insect spray and the like.
Although most of these claims are not supported by scientific evidence, large amounts of written material about the benefits of organic foods makes it difficult for people to separate fact from fiction. As a result, claims that eating a diet consisting of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely advertised and form the basis for people’s opinion.
One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that they cost more than conventionally grown foods. But in many cases consumers are misled if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods. So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly those with limited incomes, distrust the conventional food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead.
小题1:According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements about organic food is true?
A．It hasn’t been used until recent years.
B．It has no agreed definition.
C．It is popular among producers.
D．It is accepted by most nutritionists.
小题2:In Paragraph 4, treated grains are examples of ________.
A．healthier foodB．organic food
C．conventionally grown foodD．expensive food
小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．most doctors believe organic foods prevent disease or provide other benefits to health
B．organic foods are actually less nutritious than conventionally grown foods
C．people cannot separate fact from fiction because of the TV advertisements
D．organic foods cost more but are not necessarily better than conventionally grown foods
小题4:According to the passage, many consumers are attracted by organic foods because they _____.
A．want to try something new
B．have carefully researched the products
C．value food safety and nutrition
D．expect to save some money
小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards the claims of organic foods?
A．Doubtful.B．Enthusiastic.
C．Supportive.D．Uninterested.
Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员)and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He's never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. "Your working uniform is your shelter," he told her. "Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be."
Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it taught him willpower.
At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit; willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success.
And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. "Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren't working hard—but that's because they've made it automatic," Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said. "Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it."
The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives. Those courses arc, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.
小题1:We loam from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must          .
A．learn to give lectures
B．attend education programs
C．design a working uniform
D．develop a common hobby
小题2:Willpower will become a habit when employees can          .
A．focus on the profits
B．benefit from the job
C．protect themselves well
D．control their feeling well
小题3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．G&G has grown into a large company.
B．G&G will spend half its profits training employees.
C．G&G may become more successful in the future.
D．G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.
Almost anywhere in the world, you can probably see graffiti (涂鸦画). Although it’s usually more common in big cities, it can be found in almost any community, big or small.
The problem with graffiti art is the question of whether it’s really art. This isn’t always an easy question to answer, simply because there are so many different types of graffiti. While some simply consists of collections of letters, known as tags, with little artistic value, such examples are easy to find, especially on larger spaces such as walls.
If it weren’t for the fact that most graffiti is placed on private property without permission, it might be more commonly recognized as a legal form of art. Most graffiti, however, annoys the property owner, who is more likely to paint over it or remove it than accept it as art.
Many ways of removing graffiti have been developed, such as paints that dissolve graffiti paint, or make it easy to remove. Community groups and government departments often organize graffiti-removal teams.
It hardly makes sense to encourage artists to deface (丑化) private or public property; but perhaps there are ways to work with them rather than just oppose them. Graffiti artists can, for example, create murals (壁画) for property owners, and get paid for them.
Maybe we need to start at a very basic level, and find a way to encourage the creation of graffiti art on paper or canvas rather than on walls. After all, who would remember Monet or Picasso if they’d created their masterpieces on walls, only to have them painted over the next day? Finding a solution to such a complex problem is never going to be easy, but with more and more graffiti art being recognized in galleries around the world, we do need to try.
小题1:What would be the best title for this passage?
A．How to Be a Good Graffiti Artist.
B．Stop Removing Graffiti!
C．Do You Like Graffiti?
D．Is Graffiti Art?
小题2:The reason why people remove graffiti is that it ______.
A．makes buildings uglyB．has no artistic value at all
C．robs private propertyD．takes up too much space
小题3:In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "dissolve" is closest in meaning to ______.
A．changeB．flowC．removeD．freeze
小题4:The example of Monet and Picasso are mentioned in the passage to indicate that ______.
A．they are world-famous artists
B．they are good at graffiti
C．walls are right places to keep their masterpieces
D．their works, if painted on the wall, might not be kept long
小题5:The writer’s attitude toward graffiti is that graffiti ______.
A．should be removed by more countries
B．should be saved on larger spaces
C．should be created only on paper or canvas
D．may be accepted as art
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It's now a "global village" where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communication equipment is greatly improved by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a kind of modem businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support home business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks (管理层). The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being "out of sight and out of mind." He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company's plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more popular.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communication devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn't generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country's official language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign partners over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset（资产）to the firm.
小题1:What is the author's attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?
A．Negative.B．Positive.C．Prejudiced.D．discontented.
小题2:With the increased use of high-tech communication equipment, business people ________.
A．are eager to work overseas
B．have to get familiar with modem technology
C．are attaching more importance to their overseas businesses
D．are gaining more economic benefits from domestic businesses
小题3:In paragraph 3, "out of sight and out of mind" (Line 2-3) probably means ________.
A．leaving all care and worry behind
B．being totally out of touch with business at home
C．being unable to think properly for lack of insight
D．missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
小题4:According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?
A．Ability to speak the customer's language.
B．Connections with businesses over seas
C．Technical know-how.
D．Business experience.
小题5:The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _________.
A．fast-forward their proposals to their bosses.
B．better control the whole negotiation process
C．easily make friends with business people abroad
D．easily find new approaches to meet market needs

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