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请根据句子逻辑、首字母或中文提示,从模块4课本所学的词汇中选用恰当的单词并且使用其正确的形式填空。

1.According to the WHO’s s___________(数据), about 1.8 million people across the world die each year from disease caused by unsafe food and water.

2.He bitterly regretted c__________ the false news by using his WeiChat.

3.For forty years Jane Goodall has been o__________ (坦率的) about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of animals.

4.This dictionary is for the a__________ English learners while that one is for the beginners.

5.When you see an English film or talk with native speakers, observe their facial expressions and g____________.

6.In October, the price of the a____________ to Mount Tai has risen by 50 yuan.

7.The traffic is terrible, p____________ in the city center.

8.If we grow fruit, vegetables and other food with chemical fertilizers, they usually grow too fast to be full of n____________.

9.E_____________ with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.

10.The key to r___________ yourself of bad habits is determination.

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From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in fact, playing a complicated and potentially dangerous game with its environment, discomfort or destruction.

This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error, for there are too many possible decisions which would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always arranged in favor of the young animal in one way or another. Either the animal is protected during the early stages of its learning about the world around it, or the knowledge of which way to respond is built into its nervous system from the start.

The fact that animals behave sensibly can be attributed partly to what we might call genetic learning, to distinguish it from individual learning that an animal does in the cause of its own life time. Genetic learning is learning by a species as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to behave in the right way. However, genetic learning depends upon a prediction that the future will more or less exactly resemble the past. The more variable individual experience is likely to be, the less efficient is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning. In the great majority of animals, behavior is a compound of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with.That is why animals can survive.

1.The survival game is considered complicated and potentially very dangerous because ________.

A. decisions made by animals may prove fatal

B. animals are often in danger of being attacked

C. animals make decisions entirely by trial

D. environment is not fit for animals to survive

2.Most animals survive because they can make right decisions by ________.

A. a series of trials and errors

B. knowledge obtained in their life time

C. the nervous system

D. genetic learning and individual experience

3.Concerning the relationship between genetic learning and individual experience, which of the following is right?

A. They develop side by side.

B. They are contradictory, but individual experience is the dominant.

C. Genetic learning is likely to function more if the environments don’t vary much.

D. Genetic learning is more efficient than individual experience.

4.“Genetic learning” refers to ________.

A. learning after an animal is born

B. learning obtained by some members of each generation who happen to behave properly

C. learning gained by all the members in a species

D. learning gained by young animals from their experience

5.What cannot be inferred from the article?

A. The majority of animals depend thoroughly upon genetic learning.

B. Animal behave in particular ways as a result of both individual experience and genetic learning.

C. If animal depended wholly upon individual experience, its chance of survival would be little.

D. Genetic learning depends on the assumption of resemblance between the future and the past.

Guinness World Records has long been recording some of the most amazing and astonishing travel and tourism facts. Here we are sharing some of the most unbelievable record-breaking accounts, all fully fact-checked and Guinness-approved.

Largest Ice Structure—The Ice Hotel in Sweden

Each year, the ice hotel in Jukkasjarvi, Sweden, is rebuilt from blocks of frozen ice from the nearby River Torne. Covering an area of 5,500 square metres, the hotel is unsurprisingly open seasonally, from December to March, when it melts away. In 2015, the hotel celebrated its 25th anniversary, complete with an ice bar, an ice church and ice bedrooms—one even featured a London Tube carriage made entirely of ice.

Tallest Waterfall—Angel Falls, Venezuela

The largest waterfall by vertical(垂直的) area may be Victoria Falls, which sit on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia, but it’s South America that’s home to the world’s tallest.

Angel Falls, located in Bolivar, Venezuela, has an impressive, uninterrupted drop of 807 metres.

It was actually named after the American pilot, Jimmie Angel, who first recorded it in his logbook on November 16, 1933.

Largest Area of Glowing Sea—Indian Ocean, near Somalia

Bioluminescence(生物体发光) is the production and emission of light by a living thing and can be used to explain the surprising phenomenon(现象)of “glowing oceans.”

It was in 1995 that scientists detected glowing sea in the Indian Ocean—just off the coast of Somalia-via satellite, The water was more than 250 kilometres long, and it was all thanks to the bacteria called phytoplankton.

Most Expensive Hotel Room—The Royal Penthouse Suite at Geneva’s Hotel President Wilsom

This particular suite is just the ticket, costing as much as US$83,000(£53,760)per night.

But the high price will gain you access to 12 bedrooms and 12 marble bathrooms across 18,000 square feet.

1.Where is the tallest waterfall situated?

A. Between Zimbabwe and Zambia.

B. In South America.

C. In northern Europe.

D. In South Africa.

2.What can we learn about the largest area of glowing sea?

A. It was first recorded in 1933.

B. It was named after an American pilot.

C. It was first detected by satellite.

D. It is the only sea that is glowing.

3.What can you experience if you go to the Royal Penthouse Suite at Geneva’s Hotel President Wilson?

A. The most beautiful natural scenery.

B. The most expensive and luxurious suite.

C. The largest and most powerful waterfall.

D. The largest rooms.

4.Where might we find this text?

A. In a cultural book.

B. In a travel magazine

C. In a fashion magazine.

D. In an instruction book

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