Question

阅读理解 　　For the first time in modern history, less than half of the U．S．adult population now reads literature, according to a recent survey．Reading at Risk：A Survey of Literary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading’s role in the nation’s culture． 　　Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion in adult literary reading．The data source for Reading at Risk is as reliable and objective(客观的)as any such survey can be．The key results of the survey are presented in the “Summary”, but the report can be further explained as：literary reading in America is not only declining　rapidly among all groups, but the rate of decline has been speeded up, especially among the young．Reading at Risk merely shows a great cultural change that most Americans have already noted－our society’s great turn to electronic media for entertainment and information． 　　Reading a book requires a degree of active attention and devotion．Indeed, reading itself is a progressive skill that depends on years of education and practice．On the contrary, most electronic media such as television, recordings, and radio make fewer demands on their audiences, and indeed often require no more than passive participation．While oral culture has a rich reality and electronic media offer the considerable advantages of variety, print culture affords irreplaceable(不能调换的)forms of focused attention and thought that make various communications and views possible．The decline in reading, therefore, equals a larger retreat(减少)from participation in public and cultural life． 　　What is to be done?There is surely no single solution to the present problem, just as there is no single cause．The important thing now is to understand that America can no longer take active and devoted reading for granted． 　　Reading is not a timeless, common ability．As more Americans lose that ability, our nation becomes less informed, active, and independent minded．These are not qualities that a free, inventive, or productive society can afford to lose． (1) The main purpose of the survey is to ________． [　　] A． focus on the role of electronic media and reading B． show that American young people read less and less C． give a report of the national fashion of literary reading D． review that less than half of the population now reads literature (2) According to the passage, reading ________． [　　] A． requires less attention and devotion B． demands no more than passive participation C． limits various communications and views D． means active participation in public and cultural life 答案：D (3) The underlined phrase “cultural change” in Paragraph 2 refers to the change ________． [　　] A． from oral culture to electronic media B． from print culture to electronic media C． from electronic media to oral culture D． from electronic media to print culture (4) The author of the passage ________． [　　] A． misunderstands oral culture B． doubts the results of the survey C． encourages the Americans to read more D． agrees to the solution to the present problem in reading

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．D;3．B;4．C;
解析：

(1)	归纳总结题。文章开篇点题，主要目的是介绍关于美国文学阅读状况的报告。
(2)	本题可以用逆向思维法。从文章第三段最后一句话，可以推出D项为正确答案。A、B两项与electronic media有关，C项未提。
(3)	词义猜测题。从上下文可知，文中的“cultural change”是指从印刷下来的文字阅读向电子媒体的转变。
(4)	归纳总结题。文章最后一段说由于只有少数人读书给国家带来的不良后果，从而鼓励人们多读书。