题目内容

阅读理解

　　About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people. Many of these words are technical words. When there is a new invention or discovery, a new word may be invented after the inventor or scientist.

　　It is interesting to observe how many common words have found their way into the language from the names of people. Lord Sandwich who lived from 1718--1792 used to sit at the table eating pieces of bread with meat in them. As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friend began to call the bread “sandwich”for fun. Later on the word became part of the English language.

　　The word “boycott” means to refuse to have anything to do with somebody or something. It comes from a man called captain Boycott. He was a land agent (经纪人) in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes for an English landowner in Ireland. But the Captain was a very harsh man. He treated his poor tenants very badly. His tenants decided not to speak to him at all. Eventually（终于）word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed. The word “boycott” became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.

(1)Lord Sandwich died in ________.

[　　]

A. 1718
B. 1772
C. 1774
D. 1792

(2)Lord Sandwich was fond of ________.

[　　]

A. eating out all the time

B. sitting with his friends

C. playing games with words

D. taking bread with meat

(3)“Sandwich”is a word invented by ________.

[　　]

A. Lord Sandwich

B. the friends of Lord Sandwich

C. inventors

D. scientists

(4)The tenants did not like ________.

[　　]

A. to collect rents and taxes

B. the harsh land agent

C. the English landowner

D. to speak

(5)When the landowner found out that tenants were boycotting his land agent, he ________.

[　　]

A. dismissed the Captain

B. praised the Captain

C. removed the rents and taxes

D. increased the rents and taxes

答案：D;D;B;B;A
解析：

(1) D 从文中Lord Sandwich who lived from 1718--1792 used to…可知答案.

(2) D 文中陈述他常吃里面夹肉的面包，所以答案应为D.

(3) B Sandwich爱吃夹肉的面包，他的朋友便戏称那种面包为sandwich.

(4) B 经纪人Captain Boycott非常严厉，对雇农很不好，雇农们因此不喜欢他.

(5) A 地主得知此消息后，便解雇了Captain Boycott.


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阅读理解

　　Do you know blood types?

　　Special care must be taken in selecting new blood for a badly injured person, who would be killed by the transfusion if the blood is too different from his own.

　　There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB, and O. Blood type, like hair and height, comes from parents. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A or B cannot receive AB, but AB, sometimes called the universal recipient, may receive A or B O type, often called the universal donor, gives his blood to any other group. Patients usually receive nothing but salt or plasma(血浆) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of a hospital. There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among Europeans, about 42 percent have type A while 45 per cent have type O. The fewest, is the type AB.

1．Which of the following shows the correct relationship in blood transfusion?

(“←” means giving blood to)

[　　]

A．
B．
C．
D．

2．From this passage we can know that among Europeans ________ 13 percent have type B.

[　　]

A．about
B．no more than
C．less than
D．at most

3．The title of this passage should be ________.

[　　]

A．Importance of Blood Transfusion

B．Choice of Blood Transfusion

C．Different Types of Blood

D．Human Blood Types

阅读理解

　　In some countries in which there is very little rain at any time, the farmers have to irrigate their fields．Irrigation is easy enough if there is a great river near the crops, and if there is plenty of water in it．Canals carry the river water to the fields when necessary．In some seasons there may be too much water in the river, and the water may flood all the land near it．At other times the river water may not be enough for all the farmers, and then it will be difficult to irrigate the fields．

　　To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river．This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land．A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water．Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places．Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times; more crops will be grown, there will be more food for everyone, and there will be no more floods．

　　We cannot use sea water for irrigation; the salt will not allow the crops to grow．Fresh water is always needed, and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water．This is done in a few countries, but the fresh water is for drinking．There is not enough at present for irrigation．Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea．If fresh water could be made cheaply, we could grow more food．

(1)

It is easy for farmers to irrigate their fields when _________．

a．there is a great river near the crops

b．there is a lot of water that year

c．there are many canals in the fields

d．there is plenty of sea water in the country

[　　]

A．

ab

B．

abc

C．

bcd

D．

abcd

(2)

In order to keep the country having the right amount of water at all times, _________ should be built．

[　　]

A．

canals

B．

dams

C．

factories

D．

plants

(3)

The main idea of the passage is that _________．

[　　]

A．

irrigation is the best way to produce more food for humans

B．

many ways have been tried to save water

C．

irrigation is necessary for farmers to have a good harvest

D．

scientists should try their best to make sea water fresh to meet the needs of society

(4)

Which of the following is NOT wrong?

[　　]

A．

Sea water can be used to irrigate the fields．

B．

Scientists have found ways to take fresh water out of sea water．

C．

It seems that water plays little role in producing crops．

D．

Farmers use canals to irrigate their crops．

阅读理解

　　In some countries in which there is very little rain at any time, the farmers have to irrigate their fields．Irrigation is easy enough if there is a great river near the crops, and if there is plenty of water in it．Canals carry the river water to the fields when necessary．In some seasons there may be too much water in the river, and the water may flood all the land near it．At other times the river water may not be enough for all the farmers, and then it will be difficult to irrigate the fields．

　　To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river．This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land．A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water．Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places．Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times; more crops will be grown, there will be more food for everyone, and there will be no more floods．

　　We cannot use sea water for irrigation; the salt will not allow the crops to grow．Fresh water is always needed, and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water．This is done in a few countries, but the fresh water is for drinking．There is not enough at present for irrigation．Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea．If fresh water could be made cheaply, we could grow more food．

(1)

It is easy for farmers to irrigate their fields when ________．

a．there is a great river near the crops

b．there is a lot of water that year

c．there are many canals in the fields

d．there is plenty of sea water in the country

[　　]

A．

ab

B．

abc

C．

bcd

D．

abcd

(2)

In order to keep the country having the right amount of water at all times, ________ should be built．

[　　]

A．

canals

B．

dams

C．

factories

D．

plants

(3)

The main idea of the passage is that ________．

[　　]

A．

irrigation is the best way to produce more food for humans

B．

many ways have been tried to save water

C．

irrigation is necessary for farmers to have a good harvest

D．

scientists should try their best to make sea water fresh to meet the needs of society

(4)

Which of the following is NOT wrong?

[　　]

A．

Sea water can be used to irrigate the fields．

B．

Scientists have found ways to take fresh water out of sea water．

C．

It seems that water plays little role in producing crops．

D．

Farmers use canals to irrigate their crops．

阅读理解

　　Besides news reports that tend to focus on war or election, Americans generally don't hear much about people in other countries．One reason may be that very little foreign-language literature is translated into English．In the United States, just a few of the titles, mainly translations of foreign novels, short stories, or poetry, make it into English．However, a number of efforts have taken root to try to bring more global literature to US audiences．

　　The online magazine of international literature, Words Without Borders, was founded by Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, N．Y．The nonprofit site, now in its fifth year, offers modern writing from places such as Argentina, China and Italy, often for the first time in English．It gets about 200 000 page views per month and counts roughly 8 000 subscribers(订阅者), more than one-quarter of whom live in the US．

　　“There's a wave of interest right now,” says Jill Schoolman, publisher of Archipelago Books, a small nonprofit press in Brooklyn, N．Y．, opened in 2003 to publish world literature in translation only．“People are hungry for ideas from other countries．”

　　Rainmaker Translations－a Las Vegas-based nonprofit－was formed two years ago to support the publication of more top-quality global writing here in the US．They put out their first three titles, translated from Arabic, Chinese, and Russian, in the spring of 2006 and plan to aid up to four more in the coming year．

　　In March, the Center for the Art of Translation, a nonprofit started in 1994 in San Francisco, will publish Two Lines World Library, focused on writing from some particular areas published over the last several decades．

　　Dalkey Archive Press, a century-old nonprofit publisher in Champaign, Illinois, has upped the number of translations on its publication list since 2003, from 25 percent to nearly 80 percent．

　　In recent years, more nonprofits have applied to the National Endowment for the Arts for help to publish literary translations．The agency is also trying to increase the availability of translated prose(散文)and poetry in the US, such as publishing partnerships with foreign governments．

(1)

The main purpose in founding the magazine Words Without Borders is ________．

[　　]

A．

to compete for page views and subscribers online

B．

to get American literature better known to the world

C．

to help advance nonprofit world literature translation

D．

to introduce more world literature to readers in the US

(2)

What do the publishers mentioned in the passage have in common?

[　　]

A．

They mainly publish top-quality world literature in translation．

B．

They don't aim at making money by publishing global writing．

C．

They provide their translation and publication services online．

D．

They have published a number of literary works in translation．

(3)

Which of the following shows the proper order of the founding of the presses(出版社)?

DAP＝Dalkey Archive Press　　CAT＝Center for the Art of Translation

RT＝Rainmaker Translations　　AB＝Archipelago Books

[　　]

A．

DAP→CAT→RT→AB

B．

DAP→CAT→AB→RT

C．

CAT→DAP→AB→RT

D．

CAT→DAP→RT→AB

(4)

Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

World literature：Shared by the world

B．

World literature：Loved by Americans

C．

World literature：Found in translation

D．

World literature：Developed in styles

阅读理解

　　We’ve all seen them：perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can develop rock-hard abdominal muscles(腹肌)．It’s easy! Just pay ＄149.99 for the Torso Track or ＄149.75 for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist．Americans spend tens of millions of dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist．And did they work? Not necessarily．Independent studies have concluded that most of these products－no matter who approved them or how expensive they are－shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches(仰卧起坐)．Some can even cause injury－like the ＄518.99 Body Shaper-Q8SP, which left electrical burns on some researchers at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse．Others, like the popular Ab-Doer, typically burn less energy than a gentle walk, according to a study to be published in September by the American Council on Exercise．

　　The fact is that many Americans don’t have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal muscles．They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can’t lose enough fat to make a difference．Even if the underlying muscles are well developed, all it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of an inch of fat．That’s enough to exclude most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches every day．

　　So what works best? In its new study, the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular Ab-Doer．A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10 minutes a day performing such movements as “Body Boogies” and “Good Mornings” will “help form those muscles the fun and easy way without diets．” Steven Loy, professor at California State University, Northridge, tested the promise by measuring the electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements．He and his colleagues then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises．They determined that the muscles were no more active, and in some cases less so, when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer．

　　Taking a broader approach, researchers at San Diego State University compared 13 abdominal exercises for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles．They concluded, in a report published in May, that the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time．Among the winners：the bicycle movements－so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike while lying flat on the floor－and exercises performed on the “Captain’s Chair”, a product typically found in gyms that helps hold the body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest．Researchers suggested that a varied routine of the different exercises could deliver the best results．

(1)

Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles?

[　　]

A．

Torso Track．

B．

Ab-Doer．

C．

Captain’s Chair．

D．

Body Shaper-Q8SP．

(2)

According to the author, it’s difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles mainly because _______．

[　　]

A．

they do not put in enough efforts

B．

injuries interrupt their exercise frequently

C．

they change their exercise routine regularly

D．

how big their muscles will be is determined by birth

(3)

The author convinces the readers by ________．

[　　]

A．

describing successful cases

B．

offering professional suggestions

C．

presenting findings of researches

D．

comparing advertisements of products

(4)

What’s the main purpose of this passage?

[　　]

A．

To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine．

B．

To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements．

C．

To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection．

D．

To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research．

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