题目内容
Snacks are generally high in calories and may ________ weight gain．
resulted from
relate to
benefit from
contribute to
阅读下列应用文及相关信息, 
并按照要求匹配信息。选项中有一项是多余的。把选项的编号填写在答题纸对应位置上。
以下是咨询和服务部门的信息：
| A．Career Services (Room 113) The staff of the Career Services center advise students on career choices and applications of for higher education. They also help students and graduates apply their academic and life experiences to achieving career fulfillment, provide them with the services and resources necessary to make better informed career decisions and help them develop the skills necessary to progress their career plans. Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 8:30 am - 4:30 pm Phone: (412) 396-6644  Fax: (412) 396-6644 |
| B．The Accommodation Office ( Room 114) The Accommodation Office is the place to find every thing concerning accommodation during your studying at this university. It offers a free advisory service and a wide range of handbooks and checklists covering the full range of housing available. In addition to this, the office also offers other services, such as the allocation of places in local residences and the provision of information regarding private  ly owned accommodation.Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 1:30 pm - 4:30 pm Phone : (412) 396-6754 Fax: (412) 396-6752 |
| C．Medical Center (Room 115) The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university. The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff  are available for consultation. Also, all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.Opening Hours: 24 hours from Monday to Sunday Phone : (412) 396-6649 Fax: (412) 396-6648 |
D．The Spor ts Office (Room 207) |
ation. This office can provide information about sporting and activities to keep you fit.Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 7:00am - 10:00pm
Phone : (412) 396-6877 Fax: (412) 396-6876
E. Food Service (Room 127)
Tasty, nutritious meals and a wide variety of snacks are available from the cafeterias on campus. Maybe you are not familiar with different cafeterias here and find it difficult to get a good meal. Don’t worry! The Food Service can provide you with specific information on the food available here and offers meal plans based on your individual needs.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 2:30pm - 5:30pm
Phone: (412) 396-6899 Fax: (412) 396-6890
F. Library (
Room 215)There are various books and reference materials in every subject here including literature, art and math. Besides books, there are also photo-copying, video, audio-visual and computing facilities. Our collection is big and our main task is to help you solve problems on making use of the library.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 8:30am - 5:30pm
Phone: (412) 396-6312 Fax: (412) 396-6706
以下是大学生的信息，请匹配大学生与他们要选择的服务部门：
1. Richard is a foreign student majoring in medicine. He can adjust himself to the weather but he is having a lot of difficulties in getting used to the diet at the college cafeterias.
2. John is fond of sports. He plays f
ootball every day. Unfortunately, he injured his leg while he was playing this morning. He urgently needs some medical help.3. Lucy is new student from Washingt
on, and she often arrives at the college late since she lives far away from the university, so she desperately needs to find a new place to live in.4. Alice is going to leave university next year. She is preparing her papers and has to do a lot of research. She would like to find books on literature and learn how to use the
audio-visual facilities.5. Rosemary studies in the department of computer science. She is really interested in this field, so she plans to be engaged in this booming industry after her graduation, but before she makes a final decision, she wants to consult experienced teachers.
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空一词。
Prepackaged, mass-produced snack foods are hugely popular in grocery stores around the world. Many people are accustomed to choosing snack foods in grocery stores.
The first problem with packaged snack foods like cookies, crackers, and other bite-sized options is that they are often loaded with unhealthy materials. The reason for this is fairly easy to understand. Mass-produced foods need to be uniform in color, taste and so on. In order to achieve this uniformity, snack food producers use sugar, salt, and other chemical preservatives (防腐剂) and coloring materials in large amounts. These materials contribute to a rather unhealthy food.
In addition to requiring uniformity of taste and appearance, mass-produced snack foods like potato chips and candies need to be shelf stable. Preservatives and complex packaging make products shelf stable, but this stability and non-perish ability (抗腐性) often come at the expense of nutrition.
One reason that pre-made snacks are so popular in grocery stores is their prices. Food producers can keep costs down by using established production facilities and processes to quickly produce a huge amount of food. Shoppers are drawn to what they see at low prices.
People who are interested in improving the quality of their snacking can use magazines, books, and the Internet to discover a lot of healthy snacking tips and ideas. Even television shows about health and food sometimes talk about healthy snacking alternatives. Some healthy snacks, like fresh fruit, require no preparation at all.
Once people are aware of the drawbacks of clearly cheap and easy snack foods, they can start turning to better options. Soon, perhaps, the old and unhealthy snack options will no longer be profitable for food producers.
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Title: Prepackaged, mass-produced snack foods |
|
|
Fact |
Prepackaged, mass-produced snack foods are well 1. ________ around the world. |
|
2. _______ |
•Having preservatives, coloring materials and 3.________ packaging • Having uniformity of 4.________ and appearance • Being shelf stable • Being at low 5. ________ |
|
Problems |
• 6. ________ unhealthy materials • Being shelf stable and non-perishable leading to some nutrition 7.________ |
|
Measures |
•Discover healthy snacking tips and ideas by 8.________ magazines, books, the Internet and television shows. |
|
Conclusion |
• People will turn to better options once 9. _______ the drawbacks of cheap and easy snack foods. • The old and unhealthy snack foods will no longer bring 10. _______ to food producers. |
Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for relatives and friends. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.
In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.
Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lese on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.
Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a family group, arc not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be children of that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.
There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste (social class) system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva（唾液）,of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, not eat from the same plate as, not even accept food from an individual or from a low-ranking class.
1.According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?
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A．The English during regular meals. |
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B．Americans on their first date. |
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C．Men and women in Near Eastern societies. |
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D．Newly-married people on the island of New Ireland. |
2.In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "taboos" means _____________.
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A．favors |
B．prohibitions |
C．hatred |
D．gossips |
3. According to the passage, eating together indicates all the following EXCEPT .
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A．the type of food |
B．social relations. |
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C．marital status |
D．family ties. |
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
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A．Different kinds of food in western countries. |
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B． Relations between food and social units. |
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C． Symbolic meanings of different kinds of food. |
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D．Food consumption in different cultures. |