Question

【题目】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Many things — genetics, environment, the food you eat, illness, sleep, even the seasons — influence your emotional state. But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself. If you have a healthy level of self-esteem (自尊), you not only deal with life's challenges better than people with low self-esteem, but you're probably more content, confident, and successful. You're probably also healthier. Studies show that positive self-esteem actually helps prevent people against depression and anxiety.Most people's sense of worth is rooted in their childhood — in the early approval or disapproval of parents, teachers, and friends. But as we get older, most of us judge ourselves by our sense of how effectively we're managing in the world, especially in the areas of love and work. Our ability to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose and deep fulfillment. We can also find satisfaction and pride in work-related accomplishments, and the people we meet and work with can strengthen our sense of self and our role in life.

Once midlife comes along, however, our self-esteem can take a turn in response to changes in our lives. Marriage may change, children may leave home, and we may begin to cut back on work as we approach retirement. Of course, the view in the mirror may not be what it used to be, either.

If you find your self-esteem eroding (变弱) a bit, there are plenty of ways to build it back up again.

Reframe your identity. Redefine what you base your sense of self-worth on. Instead of “sales manager”, “stock market analyst”, or “mom”, start thinking of yourself as “community organizer”, “literacy volunteer”, “great cook”, “gifted gardener”, and more.

Talk back to your inner critic. Become conscious of how hard you're being on yourself, and fight against a negative attitude with some positive self-talk.

Take time for yourself. Read the paper, keep a journal, go for a swim. This is especially important for women, who are often so busy nurturing others that they neglect their own needs and interests. (346 words)

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Answer 1

【答案】People with high self-esteem (a healthy level of self-esteem/positive esteem) turn out healthier and happier. While our sense of self-worth/(self-esteem is deeply influenced by childhood experiences, it is also shaped by our performances, fulfillment and satisfaction in work and interpersonal relationship. When your self-esteem fails due to different changes, you can strengthen it by giving yourself a new identity, stopping being critical about yourself and satisfying your own needs.

【解析】

本篇书面表达是概要写作。

概要写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句。如本文可概括出：自尊心强的人会更健康、更快乐；虽然我们的自尊深受童年经历的影响，但它也受我们在工作和人际关系中的表现、成就感和满足感的影响；当你因不同的变化而失去自尊时，你可以通过给自己一个新的身份，停止对自己的批评，满足自己的需要来增强自尊心。同时要注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。