It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the ve 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate (下级的) positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very beginning of their career. They were introduced to the broom,and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself.

My advice to you is "aim high". I would not give advice for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk,or foreman,or general manager in any concern. Say to yourself, "My place is at the top. " Be king in your dreams.

And here is the prime condition of success,the great secret：concentrate your energy,thought,and capital exclusively (专有地) upon the business in which you are engaged.

The concerns which fail are those which have distributed their capital,which means that they have distributed their brains also. They have investments in this,or that,or the other,here there,and everywhere. "Don't put all your eggs in one basket" is all wrong. I tell you to " put all your eggs in one basket,and then watch that basket."Look round you and take notice,men who do that not often fail. It is easy to watch and carry the one basket. It is trying to carry too many baskets that breaks most eggs in this country. He who carries three baskets must put one on his head,which is easy to fall and trip him up. One fault of the American businessman is lack of concentration.

To summarize what I have said: aim for the highest;never enter a bar room; do not touch alcohol drinks,or if at all only at meals;never risk; never indorse ( = endorse,签名于票据的背面，赞同) beyond your surplus (盈余的) cash fund; make the firm's interest yours;break orders always to save owners;concentrate;put all your eggs in one basket,and watch that basket;expense always within income;lastly,be not impatient,for as Emerson says , " No one can cheat you out of final success but yourselves."

( ) 1. In the second paragraph "aim high" means that .

A. expand your business no matter how much it will cost

B. you don't need to begin your career with the basic position

C. don't be satisfied with the achievements you've already got

D. only devote your money to those which can bring you a lot of profits

( ) 2. Which is not suggested by the writer?

A. Ambition. B. Generosity.

C. Concentration. D. Patience.

( ) 3. What does "eggs" here refer to?

A. Money. B. Energy. C. Brains. D. All above.

( ) 4. The best title of the passage should be .

A. The Road to Success

B. Tips on Investigation

C. Keep Your Money Properly

D. Be King in Your Dreams

1. C由第2段得知，此处aim high意为"志存高远"，不要满足于巳有的成就。

2. B A项见第2段，C项见第3段，D项见末段。只有B项没有提到。

3. D见第3-4段。

4. A B项、C项、D项只是走向成功的或投资的具体建议。

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Tall people live happier lives than their more vertically challenged peers,according to a new study. It is 1 that most miserable men are almost an inch shorter than average.

Researchers found that shorter people tended to be more 2 with their lot in life.

The study interviewed more than 450,000 adults about 3 they viewed their life.

The volunteers were asked to 4 themselves somewhere on a " life ladder" and asked about their emotions.

5 the findings,people who were taller were also more likely to be 6 about their life and were more likely to judge themselves as happy. They were also 7 likely to feel a range of 8 emotions including sadness and physical pain,9 they were more likely to experience stress and anger,and 10 they were women,to worry.

Men who reported that their lives were the " worst possible" were in general more than eight tenths of an inch,or two centimeters,11 than the average height.

Women who 12 themselves as " on the bottom step" on the life ladder were shorter than the average woman 13 half all inch,or 1. 3 centimeters.

There was also a (n) 14 between height and education,the findings,published in the journal Economics and Human Biology,found.

Men who did not 15 secondary school were found to be half an inch,or 1. 27 centimeters,shorter than average and more than an inch,or 2. 54 centimeters,shorter than the average height of those who had gone on to 16 from university.

17 ,there was no such clear link when it came to 18 ,with just small differences in height. The 19 of the report,from Princeton University in New Jersey,conclude that the link between education,income and height mostly explained the link with happiness and life sat?isfaction. The data was 20 from the Galluphealthways Wellbeing Index daily poll of the American population.

( ) 1. A. known B. improved C. invented D. found

( ) 2. A. dissatisfied B. satisfied C. comfortable D. relaxed

( ) 3. A. what B. how C. which D. why

( ) 4. A. put B. set C. place D. discharge

( ) 5. A. Thanks to B. Due to C. Owing to D. According to

( ) 6. A. positive B. negative C. pessimistic D. gloomy

( ) 7. A. more B. less C. much D. little

( ) 8. A. positive B. negative C. new D. old

( ) 9. A. since B. because C. so D. although

( ) 10. A. whether B. if C. because D. although

( ) 11. A. shorter B. higher C. older D. younger

( ) 12. A. looked B. proved C. viewed D. encouraged

( ) 13. A. in B. at C. on D. by

( ) 14. A. difference B. link C. gap D. agreement

( ) 15. A. finish B. end C. start D. begin

( ) 16. A. study B. start C. graduate D. learn

( ) 17. A. However B. But C. Besides D. Therefore

( ) 18. A. women B. men C. boys D. girls

( ) 19. A. publishers B. sponsors C. readers D. authors

( ) 20. A. come B. taken C. judged D. reported

My good friend Will recently asked for some advice dealing with what he calls" The Rush Hour"：... now between4:00 and5:00 has become the Rush Hour for me: how many proposals,quotes,emails,phone calls can you get out before most people head home? That hour never has enough minutes anymore.

For many the term" Rush Hour" refers to the mad rush to get home from work and relax,but many people deal with Will's version every day. It's the mad rush to finish everything you need to get done so that you can get into your car and battle the other rush hour.

Doesn't sound like a very productive way to work or loads of fun now,does it? For me,having anything wait until the last minute can be a major stress and I avoid it whenever possible. So,having trouble with "rush hour" yourself? I've got a few tips that might help.

A threestep approach can keep tasks from stacking (堆积) up in the last hour of the day.

1. Plan your day.

2. Do easy tasks first.

3. Don't procrastinate. Proper Planning Is Key.

Planning out your day(and your week and your month) can be a real help. If you take a few minutes early in the day to get a handle on what you need to do you can better manage your time and keep tasks from stacking up. Tackle Easy Stuff First.

Once you've done your planning,do yourself a favor and set aside some time to clear any small stuff off your plate. The things that tend to pile up at the end of days are usually smaller tasks,and there are usually quite a few of them. Knocking things out early on will help you build a productive momentum (推动力) for your whole day. The Early Bird Gets The Worm.

The best way to avoid" rush hour" is to be sure you've finished everything early. Make sure you're getting an early start on all your tasks. I'm a huge fan of the quick start; it really does work.

You don't even have to make significant progress on your tasks. Sometimes even the smallest effort at the beginning can make a ton of difference in the long run. Just remember,every little bit you can get done early is a bit you won't have to deal with during your"rush hour".

( ) 5. A good suggestion to dealing with "rush hour" is that .

A. you'd better finish all the tasks as early as you can

B. you'd better get a handle on what you need to do after the task

C. you'd better get home from work earlier than usual

D. you'd better come to the difficult jobs first

( ) 6. Which of the following words has the same meaning as the underlined word "procrastinate"?

A. Delay. B. Produce. C. Obtain. D. Hurry.

( ) 7. In which of the following situations the" Rush hour" will come to you more often?

A. When you make some arrangement before the tasks begin.

B. When you finish your jobs step by step.

C. When you manage to solve your problem before the deadline.

D. When you keep the easier thing halfdone for a long time.

( ) 8. According to the passage,what does the author probably prefer to do?

A. To leave everything undone until the last moment.

B. To battle one rush hour after another.

C. To finish his task whenever possible.

D. To have an extra work more frequently.

The African wild dog,also called Cape hunting dog or painted dog,typically wanders around the open plains and woodlands of sub-Saharan Africa.

These longlegged canines (犬科动物) have only four toes per foot,unlike other dogs,which have five toes on their forefeet. The dog's Latin name means "painted wolf"，referring to the animal's irregular,mottled coat,which features patches of red,black,brown,white,and yellow fur. Each animal has its own unique coat pattern,and all have big,rounded ears.

African wild dogs live in groups that are usually led by a monogamous (一夫一妻的) breeding pair. The female has a litter of 2 to 20 pups (小狗) ，which are cared for by the entire pack. These dogs are very social,and packs have been known to share food and to assist weak or ill members. Social interactions are common,and the dogs communicate by touch,actions,and barks.

African wild dogs hunt in cooperative packs of 6 to 20 (or more) animals. Larger packs were more common before the dogs became endangered. Packs hunt antelopes and will also hunt much larger animals,such as wild beasts,particularly if they are ill or injured. The dogs supplement their diet with rodents (唯齿动物) and birds. As human settlements expand,the dogs have sometimes developed a taste for livestock,though significant damage is rare. Unfortunately,they are often hunted and killed by farmers who fear for their domestic animals.

African hunting dogs are endangered. They are faced with less land in their African home. They are also quite possible to be infected by diseases spread by domestic animals.

( ) 1. The underlined word " mottled" in the passage means .

A. expensive B. spotted C. beautiful D. colorful

( ) 2. We can identify an African wild dog by its .

A. actions B. barks C. coat D. toes

( ) 3. We can infer from the passage that .

A. farmers often hunt African wild dogs to make them domestic

B. only the leading pair can breed pups in a group of African wild dogs

C. the African wild dog look like the domestic dogs except their round ears

D. African wild dogs do less harm to the domestic animals than they do to them

( ) 4. A proper title for this passage might be .

A. Endangered African Dog

B. The African Wild Dog

C. Wanderers on the Plains

D. Conflicts between the Wild and Domestic

As a high school coach,I did all I could to help my boys win their games. I rooted as hard for victory as they did.

A dramatic incident,however,following a game in which I acted as a referee,changed my view on victories and defeats. I was refereeing a league championship basketball game in New Rochelle,New York,between New Rochelle and Yonkers High.

New Rochelle was coached by Dan O'Brien,Yonkers by Les Beck. The gym was crowded to capacity,and the volume of noise made it impossible to hear. The game was well played and closely contested. Yonkers was leading by one point as T glanced at the clock and discovered there were but 30 seconds left to play.

Yonkers,in possession of the ball,passed off―shot―missed. New Rochelle recovered―pushed the ball up court―shot. The ball rolled tantalizingly (令人着急地) around the edge of the basket and off. The fans screamed.

New Rochelle,the home team,recovered the ball,and tapped it in for what looked like victory. The noise was deafening (震耳欲聋的) .I glanced at the clock and saw that the game was over. I hadn't heard the final buzzer (蜂鸣器) because of the noise. I checked with the other official,but he could not help me.

Still seeking help in this confusion,I approached the timekeeper,a young man of 17 or so. He said, "Mr. Co vino,the buzzer went off as the ball rolled off the rim,before the final tapin was made."

I was in the unenviable position of having to tell Coach O'Brien the sad news. "Dan,”I said, "time ran out before the final basket was tapped in. Yonkers won the game."

His face clouded over. The young timekeeper came up. He said, "I'm sorry,Dad. The time ran out before the final basket."

Suddenly,like the sun coming out from behind a cloud,Coach O'Brien's face lit up. He said, "That's okay,Joe. You did what you had to do. I'm proud of you."

Turning to me,he said, "Al,I want you to meet my son,Joe."

The two of them then walked off the court together,the coach's arm around his son's shoulder.

( ) 5. If the buzzer went off after the final basket,the result of the game would be that

A. Yonkers won the game by one point

B. Yonkers won the game by two points

C. Yonkers and New Rochelle tied the game

D. New Rochelle won the game by one point

( ) 6. Which of the following happened first?

A. The buzz went off.

B. Yonkers was leading by one point.

C. The timekeeper spoke to me.

D. I checked with the other official.

( ) 7. What does "I was in the unenviable position" mean?

A. To be a referee is a tiring thing.

B. I had to do something awkward.

C. It was difficult to make a judgment.

D. I made a mistake during the game.

( ) 8. What seemed to be more important to Dan O'Brien is .

A. a close game B. winning a game

C. his friend Al D. his son

The old Indian was sitting on the snow. It was Koskoosh,1 chief of his tribe. Now all he could do was sit and listen to the others. His eyes were old,he could not see. But his ears were wide 2 to every sound. "Aha."That was the sound of his daughter Sit-cum-to-ha,she was beating the 3 ,trying to make them stand in front of the snow sleds. He was 4 by her and by the others,too. They had to look for new hunting grounds,the long snowy wide waited. The days of the northlands were growing short. The 5 could not wait for death. Koskoosh was dying.

The stiff crackling noises of frozen animal skins told him that the chiefs 6 was being torn down. The chief was a strong and manly hunter. He was his son,the son of Koskoosh. Koskoosh was being left to 7 . As the women worked,old Koskoosh could hear his son's voice drive them to work 8 . He listened harder,it was the 9 time he would hear that voice. A child cried and a woman sang softly to 10 it. The child was Kootee,the old man thought. A 11 child,it would die soon. And they would 12 a hole in the frozen ground to bury it. They would cover its small body with stones to keep the 13 away. Well,what of it,a few years and in the end 14 Death waited,never hungry. Death had the hungriest stomach of all. Koskoosh listened to other 15 he would hear no more. The man tying strong leather rope 16 the sleds to hold their belongings. The sharp sounds of leather 17 ordering the dogs to move and pull the sleds. Listened to the dogs' cry,how they 18 the work. They were off,sled after sled moved slowly away into the silence. They had passed out of his 19 . He must meet his last hour 20 .

( ) 1. A. the first B. former C. current D. powerful

( ) 2. A. open B. apart C. awake D. tense

( ) 3. A. slaves B. children C. dogs D. deer

( ) 4. A. respected B. forgotten C. feared D. loved

( ) 5. A. hunters B. old C. children D. tribe

( ) 6. A. cart B. office C. sled D. tent

( ) 7. A. die B. rest C. work D. cook

( ) 8. A. quickly B. harder C. again D. faster

( ) 9. A. high B. first C. last D. right

( ) 10. A. make B. quiet C. fool D. threaten

( ) 11. A. sickly B. lovely C. energetic D. noisy

( ) 12. A. make B. dig C. burn D. plough

( ) 13. A. others B. ants C. wolves D. dogs

( ) 14. A. suffering B. success C. sorrow D. death

( ) 15. A. cries B. screams C. songs D. sounds

( ) 16. A. about B. to C. around D. up

( ) 17. A. coats B. whips C. tents D. sled

( ) 18. A. hated B. loved C. fulfilled D. committed

( ) 19. A. sight B. life C. hearing D. place

( ) 20. A. unwillingly B. happily C. alone D. unfortunately

Farmers may not be able to prevent natural disasters,but they can at least try their best to reduce losses.

For example,they can plant crops that are more likely to survive extreme weather. In northcentral Vietnam,people with small farms do not plant rice between September and December. Seasonal rains might destroy the rice. So instead,they plant lotus seeds on raised beds. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says the lotus seeds bring a good price in local markets.

Farmers in the Philippines are showing new interest in crops like winged beans,string beans,arrowroot and cassava. The Asian Disaster Preparedness Center says traditional crops like these can survive the fierce storms that often strike the islands.

The United Nations says some African farmers grow bambara groundnuts during long dry periods. The seeds of this droughtresistant plant can be boiled for eating or for making flour.

In some parts of the world,farmers grow vetiver grass. Researchers in Thailand wrote about vetiver in 2007 in the journal Science Asia. They noted that the grass can absorb and control the spread of harmful waste waters,like those from pig farms.

Agricultural expert and author William Rivera says vetiver resists difficult conditions. It reduces damage from heavy rains. And vetiver planted on earthen dams may strengthen them against breaks and flooding.

William Rivera also speaks approvingly of alfalfa. Its deep roots can find and take up groundwater. Those roots also help hold the soil against winds. And alfalfa can be a valuable food source for animals.

The deep and extensive roots of sunflowers make them another good candidate for resisting extreme conditions. The tall plants have brightly colored heads that provide seeds and oil.

North Dakota grows more hectares of sunflowers than any other American state. But North Dakota is better known as a top wheat producing state.

Hans Kandel works at the North Dakota State University Extension Service in Fargo. He says farmers in some parts of North Dakota plant wheat that is ready to harvest in only about one hundred days. That way it can grow before the hot,dry months of July through September.

( ) 1. The underlined part "bring a good price in local markets" in the 2nd paragraph implies that lotus seeds .

A. can bring the local farmers some profit

B. will satisfy the needs of the local people

C. are what the local farmers eat every day

D. don't sell very well because of their high prices

( ) 2. Vetiver grass is planted because it can .

A. be a valuable food source for animals

B. survive the fierce storms in summer

C. provide seeds and oil

D. be useful in many aspects

( ) 3. From the last paragraph we can see that the farmers in North Dakota .

A. are not hardworking so they are suffering from poverty

B. are good at taking advantage of the weather conditions

C. don't have enough knowledge of weather and farming

D. plant more sunflowers than wheat

( ) 4. From this passage we may safely conclude that .

A. weather conditions are always decisive factors in agriculture

B. some crops can help farmers to fight against disasters

C. the species of the world are changing quickly

D. agriculture is developing fast in the world

Although women lead healthier,longer lives,the cruel perception that they reach their sellby date and become "old" sooner than men is widespread in the workplace,research shows.

A survey of more than 2 ,600 managers and personnel professionals showed that age discrimination is not only popular in the workplace,but is shot through with inconsistencies (不协调) .

Six in ten managers reported being a victim of age discrimination―usually because they were turned down for a job for being too old or too young. Yet more than a fifth admitted that they used age as a standard for the new.

Although the survey found widespread agreement that older workers were better than younger colleagues when it came to reliability,commitment,loyalty and customer service,these qualities were not necessarily considered to be deserving of advancement.

More than half of respondents believed that workers between 30 and 39 had the best promotion chances,with only 2 percent citing 50-year-olds or above.

Dianah Worman of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development said that there was unpublished evidence that people were considered old at different ages in different sectors.

"We heard of one man working in IT who said he was considered too old by the age of 28, ”she said.

There was no evidence to suggest that older workers were less valuable to companies than younger workers,in fact the opposite was often true because older workers often brought experience,she added.

The findings also suggested that the Government's ideas on age in the workforce may also be out of step with reality.

( ) 1. According to the passage,in most people's minds,women .

A. can live longer than men

B. have the same chance in promotion as men

C. become old sooner than men

D. can't work well as long as men do

( ) 2. What is the purpose of the writer to write the third paragraph?

A. To prove there is age discrimination.

B. To tell us some people's experiences.

C. To tell us age is very important when people look for jobs.

D. To tell us not to care about your age wherever you are.

( ) 3. Compared with younger workers,the older workers .

A. are better in reliability,quicker in customer service

B. have fewer chances to get higher positions in the workplace

C. are less valuable to companies

D. are too old to work well

( ) 4. The underlined sentence quoted by the writer means that .

A. it is easy for people working in IT to get old

B. IT business develops too fast

C. people working in IT are most young people

D. the man is tired of his job in IT

People just naturally associate kangaroo,koala and fine beaches with Australia. Yes,you can find many fine sand beaches,white or brown,to enjoy the sunshine and seaside breeze. However,in Queensland,the eastern state of Australia,a night beach tour at this time of year may bring you a more exciting sight of the miracle of life：You can watch hatching baby turtles making their first steps in a natural environment.

On Mon Repos beach,about 14 kilometers east of the city of Bundaberg in Queensland,Australia,lies Mon Repos Conservation Park.

By day,Mon Repos beach is a sweeping bay of brown sand,a quiet spot for people to sunbathe,surf and fish.

By night,it's home to the largest concentration of endangered marine turtles on the eastern Australian mainland. And the miracle of egglaying and hatching occurs from around mid October to the end of April every year.

In order not to disturb the turtles,tourists have to follow the instruction of the guides. But this may make the tour more like an adventure：Tourists are usually told to huddle (crowd) close together,hold hands and walk close to the shoreline in the dark.

At the start of the season (October and November) ，tourists can view turtles laying their eggs. Nature turtles first use all four flippers to dig a body pit in the sand and then lay eggs in it. It's not uncommon for a turtle to lay more than 100 eggs at a time. And her mission isn't done until she uses her flippers to flick sand and cover the nest.

If you go there at the end of the season (March to April) ，you can see groups of hatchings walk down to the water. It is an astonishing sight as the small creatures,barely two minutes old,race instinctively to the sea.

If they survive,the same hatchings will return in 50 years' time to lay eggs on the very beach where they first emerged (出现) .

( ) 5. The first paragraph is intended to .

A. recommend the readers to have a holiday in Australia

B. give the readers an idea of the different sceneries of Australia

C. draw the readers' attention to the topic of this article

D. show that Australia has a variety of animals

( ) 6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. A turtle can usually lay 100 eggs at a time.

B. If you go to the beach in October,you can see turtles lay eggs.

C. Turtles usually lay eggs when they are 50 years of age.

D. It's quite dangerous for the tourists to watch the turtles at night by the seashore.

( ) 7. Which of the following shows the correct relationship of the three places?

(M = Mon Repos Conservation Park; Q = Queensland;B = Bundaberg)

( ) 8. Which of the following words may be used to replace the underlined word "flick" in the 6th paragraph?

A. dig B. move C. gather D. make

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