题目内容

【题目】Steven Jobs was born in California in 1955 and 1 (adopt) by Paul and Clara Jobs. He became interested in computers in high school, going to after-school lectures at the computer company Hewlett-Packard. He enrolled at Reed College in Oregon. 2 he went to a variety of classes, he never graduated. Instead, he moved 3 to California and began working at Atari. He also started working on 4 (he) own computer projects with Steve Wozniak.

Jobs and Wozniak, along with Ronald Wayne, founded Apple in 1976, 5 (name) after Job’s favorite fruit. Apple changed the way people thought about computers; the company made them small, easy to use, and 6 (access) to normal people. The Macintosh computer was started in 1984, but sales slowed in 7 following year, and Jobs was pushed out of his own company.

After leaving Apple, Jobs founded NeXT, Inc. The company decided 8 (develop) both computer hardware and software. In 1996, Apple bought NeXT, and Jobs returned 9 his original company. He cut programs and jobs, but he also helped make Apple goods more beloved than ever. Apple has been on a roll ever since, creating elegant, fast, user-friendly 10 (product) that reflect the vision of Steve Jobs.

【答案】

1adopted

2Although/Though/While

3back

4his

5named

6acceasible

7the

8to develop

9to

10products

【解析】文章讲了乔布斯的生平事迹,主要讲述了他如何对计算机感兴趣,又是如何开始接触,然后在他事业跌落谷底时又是如何一步一步重回巅峰。

1考查动词被动语态。And在此处表并列,因为and前面是born,所以后面的adopt要写成adopted,故填adopted。

2考查连词。这里是he went to a variety of classes, he never graduated这句话的意思是他没有毕业,即使他上了很多课,所以这里是一个即使的意思,故填Although/Though/While。

3考查副词。从前文Steven Jobs was born in California即他出生于California,所以此处应该是他搬回了California,故填back。

4考查物主代词。He的物主代词是his,故填his。

5考查非谓语动词。此处为一个完整的句子,这个动词修饰前面的apple,表示被命名,是被动语态,故填named。

6考查形容词。空格前的and表并列,和前面的easy to use形式相同,所以这里是形容词+to的用法,故填acceasible。

7考查定冠词。这里特指接下来的那一年,故应该用定冠词the,故填the。

8考查动词搭配。此处为固定用法decide to do,故填to develop。

9考查动词搭配。这里是固定搭配return to sp即回到某地,故填to。

10考查动词时态。前面的主语都是单数,所以这里的动词也用单数,故填products。

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【题目】Patients trust health professionals as a source of advice on behavior change. However, many health professionals dodge giving advice on that. They find traditional behavior change strategies (方法) time-consuming to explain. Besides, it’s difficult for the patient to achieve. Furthermore, even when patients successfully start the recommended changes,the gains are often short-lived because few of the traditional behavior change strategies have built-in mecha-nisms for maintenance (保持).

Meanwhile, brief advice is usually based on advising patients on what to change and why (for example, reducing fat intake lo reduce the risk of heart attack). Psychologically, such advice can be followed only if conscious motivation is engaged. However, the effects are typically short-Jived because motivation and attention will decline. Brief advice on how to change, engaging automatic processes, may offer a valuable alternative with potential for long-term influence— habit.

Within psychology, we define “habits” as actions that are caused automatically in response to reminders. These reminders have been associated with performances. For example, automatically washing hands after using the toilet. Decades of psychological research consistently show that mere repetition of a simple action in a consistent context leads to the action being activated upon .following exposure to those contextual cues (环境暗示). Once starting of the action goes to outside reminders, dependence on conscious attention or motivational processes is reduced. Therefore habits are likely to remain even after conscious motivation or interest disappears.

1Which word can best replace the underlined word “dodge” in Paragraph 1?

A. Risk. B. Avoid.

C. Appreciate. D. Admit.

2What plays the key role in patients’ taking advice?

A. Reasons to change. B. Ways to change.

C. Increasing attention. D. Intended motivation.

3What may help to keep habits after interest disappears?

A. Outside reminders. B. Mere repetition.

C. Conscious attention. D. Brief advice.

4What is the passage mainly about?

A. Motivation to form habits. B. Conflicts between patients and professionals.

C. Habits to change behavior. D. Advice from professionals to patients.

【题目】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D )中 ,选出最佳选项。
C
Anne LaBastille was born in New York City and grew up in New Jersey. Her first experience with the wilderness was in the Adirondacks in the northeast of New York, where she worked at a summer resort (度假胜地) to earn money for college tuition (学费) by caring for the horses, giving riding lessons, and working as a waitress. And she had many chances to begin her adventure in the Adirondack wilderness.
Anne returned to school in the fall, but she continued to spend as much time as she could in the Adirondacks. She grew to love her time alone in the mountains. Anne graduated from college with a bachelor's degree in conservation of natural resources (资源) and began working for the National Audubon Society in Florida as a wildlife tour leader.
Although Anne took great pleasure in showing people the animals living in t he Florida Keys and the Everglades National Park, she longed for the mountains in the northern parts of New York. Finally she decided to build a cabin near Black Bear Lake. Over the years, however, more and more tourists began hiking near her cabin. As a result, Anne decided to build another cabin deeper in the woods at Lily Pad Lake.
Anne lived in the woods for most of her life. She enjoyed living alone in the woods, and her life was far too busy for her to be lonely. When she was not writing books, she wrote articles for National Geographic, Reader's Digest, and other magazines. In her later years, Anne conducted research in Guatemala on an endangered bird called the grebe. She also lectured nationwide about ecology. Besides, Anne worked with a number of organizations dedicated to (致力于) conservation.
As a respected guide, author, and conservationist, Anne not only loved the land but also had found a way to become part of it.
(1)Anne's work at the summer resort .
A.showed her love for long tours
B.helped her to explore the wilderness
C.earned her high admiration in college
D.gave her a chance to learn horse riding
(2)Anne built her cabin at Lily Pad Lake in order to .
A.live in the mountains
B.enlarge her living space
C.settle in a more beautiful place
D.get away from increasing numbers of tourists
(3)We can conclude from the text that Anne .
A.felt very lonely living in the woods
B.made the wilderness a part of her life
C.tried to make more people aware of the grebe
D.longed to be an editor of National Geographic
(4)What's the main idea of the text?
A.A brief introduction to Anne's life.
B.Anne's achievements.
C.Anne's adventures in the wilderness.
D.Anne's pioneering work in wildlife ecology.

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