A child who has once been pleased with a tale(神话故事) likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

 A change made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises(出现) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar(奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl-friend.

No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

1. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is _______.

A. repeated without any change                B. treated as a joke

C. made some changes by the parent            D. set in the present

2. According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is _______.

A. in a realistic setting                       B. heard for the first time

C. repeated too often                           D. told in a different way

3. The advantage claimed(提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _______.

A. makes them less fearful              

B. develops their power of memory

C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of

D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs

4. One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that _______.

A. they are full of imagination. 

B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth.

C. they are not interesting.

D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach.

第三部分  阅读理解(共20小题,计分40分,每小题2分)

  阅读下列短文,并做每篇后的题目,从四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或所给句子的最佳答案。

HONG KONG-Nine out of ten Singapore citizens returned dropped wallets with

money in them, but in Hong Kong only three out of 10 wallets were returned in an

honesty test carried out in Asian cities by Readers Digest.

Larger cities did worse while in general people in smaller places returned secretly planted wallets, results from the experiment showed. Readers Digest secretly

scattered 140 wallets allover Asia, each with a name, address and phone number, family pictures, notes and money in it.

The magazine workers then watched to see what happened. South Koreans in Seoul returned six out of the ten dropped wallets, while those in Inchon returned eight. 50 per cent of the dropped wallets were returned in Bombay, Bangkok, Taipei and Kajang in

Malaysia, with most people saying they would not keep what was not rightfully

theirs. Honesty had little relation to wealth or status(地位), as several well-dressed people in a number of cities were observed to walk away without doing anything to get in touch with the rightful owners.

About 57 per cent of the wallets were returned, compared with 28 per cent in

Europe in a similar experiment and 67 per cent in the United States.

1. The newspaper report is mainly about_________.

A. how the honesty test was carried out     

B. where the honesty test was carried out

C. the results of the honesty test in Asia      

D. the results of the honesty tests in the world

2. It can be learned from the newspaper report that Bombay is a city in _________.

A. Europe      B. Asia    C. the United States       D. Africa

3. How many of the wallets dropped in Asian cities were taken away without being returned?

A. About 60.   B. About 80.      C. About 56.  D. About 42.

4. Which people did best in the honesty tests?

A. People in Hong Kong.       B. People in the United States.

C. People in Inchon.           D. People in Singapore.

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