题目内容

1927年，一位国民党领导人说：“现在可有一种危险，是国民党差不多专做上层的工作，中央党部、国民政府都是国民党的同志多。至于下层的民众运动，国民党员参加的少，共产党员参加的多，因此形成一种畸形的发展。”由此可知，当时

A．工农运动决定战争走向 B．国民革命运动已经失败

C．国共合作存在分裂隐患 D．国民党开始重视工农运动

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In an effort to discourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.

The idea of using seaweed（海草） to make eco-friendly water bottles has been around for a few years. Recently, Ari Jonsson took his invention—a water bottle made from red seaweed—to show off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled. As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down, though they would be perfectly safe to eat. Ari Jonsson's bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones.

The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future. Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons. After the success of his spoons, Mr. Pessapaty is ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu. His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste, which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world. It is a product that may take up to 500 years to break down, and recycling companies worldwide are struggling to deal with it.

Aside from the obvious benefits to the environment, this new packaging is also cheap to produce and therefore cheap to buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends. Why not experiment and create your own recipes?

1.Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?

A. To make people's life more convenient.

B. To show off their inventive talents.

C. To change the way we picnic outside.

D. To reduce the amount of plastic waste.

2.What makes Art Jonsson's water bottles eco-friendly?

A. They can be made at home.

B. They are cheap to produce and buy.

C. They will hold their shape when they are filled.

D. They will break down themselves when empty.

3.What do Ari and Narayana's inventions have in common?

A. They are convenient to carry.

B. They are safe to eat.

C. They can be used for a short time.

D. They are heavier than plastics.

4.What can be inferred from this passage?

A. Home-made eatable cutlery is likely to be popular.

B. Eatable cutlery will completely replace plastics in the near future.

C. No recycling companies can break down plastic waste.

D. It's unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home.

I was a shy kid. Nothing seemed harder than talking to people. I didn't even like to answer the phone for fear that I’d have to talk to somebody I didn’t know.

____, at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My ________was studying. It was something I could do ______and by myself. I spent a lot of time studying and was ________with good grades.

Eventually I went to college. I came to realize that some people were rather fun to _______with. Yet my childhood _______carried over and I found myself tongue-tied and ______whenever I found myself in a conversation.

One day while on campus, I ________an advertisement for a position on the local classical music ______station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I loved it.

In order to get the job, applicants needed to be interviewed. I had absolutely no background in radio, and the idea of listeners ______me. I didn’t really want the job. I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n)______.

Two weeks _______, I was even more terrified to discover and I had actually landed the job.

It was a ______job, but I grew to enjoy it. I announced music to thousands of ________in the city, sometimes answering their calls and _______to their requests. I began to feel comfortable talking to these people, these strangers who I couldn’t even _______.

Although I now spend much time talking with people, I’m still basically a _______person. My former shyness is a gift, as I can ______people who feel discomfort when they talk to strangers. I still enjoy moments of being _______. But I’m also glad I decided to make a ______in my life that has opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.

1.A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Besides

2.A. advice B. practice C. task D. escape

3.A. obviously B. simply C. quietly D. poorly

4.A. filled B. rewarded C. decorated D. faced

5.A. help out B. catch up C. put up D. hang out

6.A. happiness B. shyness C. kindness D. goodness

7.A. excited B. astonished C. embarrassed D. interested

8.A. noticed B. posted C. realized D. believed

9.A. fire B. gas C. TV D. radio

10.A. terrified B. pleased C. satisfied D. amazed

11.A. child B. singer C. interviewer D. applicant

12.A. ago B. later C. before D. since

13.A. well-paid B. puzzling C. comfortable D. challenging

14.A. listeners B. followers C. viewers D. dancers

15.A. referring B. responding C. offering D. comparing

16.A. feel B. move C. hear D. see

17.A. busy B. warm C. quiet D. smart

18.A. look into B. relate to C. combine with D. worry with

19.A. alone B. alive C. active D. awake

20.A. plan B. mistake C. change D. dream

根据材料并结合所学知识回答问题 。（15分）

材料一 在美国宪法的制定过程中，一些政治家认为，“人民”和“人民的代表”（国会）是不同的；“人民”高于“人民的代表”；“由人民制定、政府不能更改的”宪法高于“由政府制定、政府能够更改的”普通法律；国会的立法如果违宪，“自然不能使之生效”。根据这些理论，最高法院有权审查国会立法和总统行政命令是否符合宪法。但是，1787年美国宪法没有相关规定，即未建立起司法审查制度。在初期美国政府中，既无财权、军权又无民意基础的最高法院的地位明显低于总统和国会。

——摘编自（美）汉密尔顿等《联邦党人文集》

材料二 1803年，最高法院对“马伯里诉麦迪逊案”做出判决：法院不能行使宪法没有授予的权力，国会通过的立法如果违背宪法则无效。该判例确立了最高法院有权审查国会立法或总统行政命令是否违宪的司法审查制度，从而使最高法院足以与国会或总统相制衡。

——摘编自（美）伯纳德 施瓦茨《美国法律史》

（1）根据材料一并结合所学知识，概括美国创立司法审查制度的理论基础。（7分）

（2）根据材料一、二并结合所学知识，说明“马伯里诉麦迪逊案”对于美国民主制度的影响。（8分）

1689年，英国议会决定拥戴威廉和玛丽为英国国王和女王，同时选派代表将王冠连同《权利宣言》（《权利法案》的初稿）一起呈献给二人，并当面宣读，威廉和玛丽心照不宣地全部接受。这一事件所体现的政治理念是

A．天赋人权 B．民主共和 C．君主立宪 D．权力制衡

明清时期，在江南、华南的一些地区，经济作物的种植面积扩大，传统的粮食生产比重降低。这一现象表明，明清时期上述地区

A．农业生产出现衰退 B．人口变动导致粮食需求减少

C．普通农户收益锐减 D．农产品商品化趋势明显

1.采取任何你认为最好的措施。(whatever)

2.昨晚汤姆到家的时候，母亲已经做好了晚饭。(by+时间状语)

3.据说这本书已被翻译成六种语言。(主语+be said to do)

4.我受够了你的蠢主意。

5.晚会结果开得很成功。

Many years ago,I was working as a psychologist at a children's institution in England.One day an adolescent boy____in my office.His headmaster had____him to me."David,"he wrote,"is very sad since both his parents died. He refuses to talk and I'm very____about him.Can you help?"

How could I help him?There are human tragedies psychology doesn't have the____to.Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen____.

The first two times we met,David didn't say a word.I____we play a game of chess the third time he came.He ____.After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoon in____.It's not easy to cheat in chess,____I made sure David won once or twice.It seemed as if he enjoyed my____.But why did he never talk with me?

"Perhaps he____needs someone to share his pain with,"I____.Some months later,I sat staring at David's head, while he was bent____the chessboard.Suddenly,he looked up at me.

"It's your____,"he said.

After that day,David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club.He wrote me____a few times about how he would try to get into university.The letters____after some time.I knew he had really started to live a(n)____life.He needn't write me any more to tell me that.

Maybe I gave David something.At least I____a lot from him.For example,David showed me____one—without any words—can reach out to another person.All it____is a hug,a shoulder to cry on,a friendly touch and an ear that listens.

1.A. turned out B. showed up C. stood out D. called up

2.A. led B. drove C. reminded D. referred

3.A. disappointed B. dissatisfied C. concerned D. confused

4.A. medicine B. answer C. method D. hope

5.A. closely B. regretfully C. pitifully D. tearfully

6.A. remembered B. suggested C. announced D. demanded

7.A. refused B. nodded C. allowed D. admitted

8.A. silence B. excitement C. turn D. time

9.A. although B. because C. but D. if

10.A. humor B. experience C. wisdom D. company

11.A. firstly B. simply C. similarly D. hardly

12.A. found B. doubted C. thought D. predicted

13.A. on B. off C. down D. over

14.A. fault B. time C. way D. tum

15.A. promises B. letters C. opinions D. choices

16.A. remained B. continued C. stopped D. lost

17.A. normal B. comfortable C. poor D. rich

18.A. saw B. learnt C. asked D. expected

19.A. when B. whether C. how D. why

20.A. matters B. takes C. leaves D. gets

Until late in the 20th century most Americans spent time with people of different generations.Now middle-aged Americans may not keep in touch with old people until they are old themselves.

That's because we group people by age.We put our three-year-olds together in day-care centers,our 13-year-olds in schools and sport activities,and our 80-year-olds in senior citizen homes.Why?

We live far away from the old for many reasons.Young people sometimes avoid the old to get rid of fears of becoming old and dying.It is much harder to watch someone we love disappear before our eyes.Sometimes it’s got hard that we stay away from the people who need us the most.

Fortunately,some of us have found our way to the old.And we have discovered that they often save the young.

A reporter moved her family into a block filled with old people.At first her children were disappointed.But the reporter made banana bread for the neighbors and had her children send it and visit them.Soon the children had many new friends,with whom they shared food,stories and projects."My children have never been lonely,"the reporter said.

The young,in turn,save the old.Once I was in a rest home (an organization where old people are cared for) when a visitor showed up with a baby,she was immediately surrounded.People who hadn't gotten out of bed in a week suddenly were ringing for a wheelchair.Even those who had seemed asleep woke up to watch the child.Babies have an astonishing power to comfort and cure.

Grandparents are a special case.They give their grandchildren a feeling of security and continuity.As my husband put it "My grandparents gave me a deep sense that things would turn out right in the end." Grandchildren speak of attention they don't get from worried parents."My parents were always telling me to hurry up,and my grandparents told me to slow down," one friend said.A teacher told me she can tell which pupils have relationships with grandparents: they are quieter,calmer and more trusting.

1.Now in an American family,people can find that________.

A. children never live with their parents

B. not all working people live with their parents

C. old people are supported by their grandchildren

D. grandchildren are supported by their grandparents

2.Seeing a baby,the old people got excited because ________.

A. they had never seen a baby before

B. the baby was clever and beautiful

C. the baby brought them the image of life

D. the baby's mother would take care of them

3.Why are some children quieter,calmer and more trusting?

A. Because they have relationships with their grandparents.

B. Because their worried parents ask them to act like that.

C. Because they have nothing to worry about.

D. Because their teachers ask them to act like that.

4.Which of the following can show the fact that the old often save the young?

A. The old can become friends of the children and the children may not feel lonely.

B. The old get excited when they see a baby.

C. The old can cure the young when they are sick.

D. Babies have an astonishing power to comfort and cure.

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