by supply and demand, price is the invisible hand in economics． A．Charged B．Governed C．Commanded D．Claimed 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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_________ by supply and demand, price is the invisible hand in economics．

A．Charged B．Governed C．Commanded D．Claimed

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“I’m a little worried about my future．”said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate．He should be so lucky．All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs. Robinson．In the sixties，that was the total sum of post-graduation anxiety．

Hoffman’s modem peers are not so fortunate．The Mrs. Robinsons aren’t sitting around at home any more．They are out in the workplace，doing the high-powered jobs the graduates want，but cannot get．For those fresh out of university，desperate for work but unable to get it，there is a big imbalance between supply and demand．And there is no narrowing of the gap in sight．

Parents feel as badly let down as the young people themselves．Middle-class families see their graduate offspring on the dole (救济金) queue and wonder why they bothered paying school fees．Working-class families feel an even keener sense of disappointment．For many such families，getting a child into university was the fulfillment of a lifelong dream．It was proof that they were living in a dynamic，economically successful country．That dream does not seem so rosy now．Graduate unemployment is not，ultimately，a political problem．Job-creation for graduates is very low down in the government’s schedule．If David Cameron’s Conservatives (保守党) had a brilliant idea for guaranteeing every graduate a well-paid job，they would have presented it by now．It is a social problem，though a more deep-seated social problem than people perhaps realize．

1.The author begins with the lines from The Graduate in order to __________ ．

A．support the fact that more women are working now

B．show that few graduates started working right after graduation

C．demonstrate that there were much fewer graduates than now

D．emphasize the sharp contrast between now and then

2.Regarding job opportunities for young graduates，the author sounds __________ ．

A．pessimistic????????????? ????????????? B．hopeful????????????? ????????????? C．unconcerned ????????????? ????????????? D．content

3.The main purpose of the passage is to __________ ．

A．criticize the government

B．present a current severe situation

C．publicize a movie

D．display the success of the country

4.Towards the end of the passage，the author implies that __________ ．

A．there will be job-creation programs for graduates

B．graduate unemployment is more of a political issue

C．graduate unemployment is not likely to be solved in a short time

D．the Conservatives have done nothing to solve the issue

It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.

It’s a library built with love.

A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!”

Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles (像)a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass.

After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.

They stocked（贮存） it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.

Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.

The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words)

1. The library was built __________.

A. by a ship supply company B. on the basis of toy horses

C. like a mailbox D. with glass

2. What can we infer about the signboard?

A. It was made by a user of the library.

B. It marked a final touch to the library.

C. It aimed at making the library last long.

D. It indicated the library was a family property.

3.The passage tells us that the users __________.

A. donate (捐)books to the library

B. get paid to collect books for the library

C. receive thank-you notes for using the library

D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily

Although man has known asbestos （石棉） for many hundreds of years, it was not until 160 years ago that it was mined for the first time on the North American continent. H.W.Johns, owner of a New York City Supply Shop for roofers, was responsible for the opening of that first mine．

Mr.Johns was given a piece of asbestos which had been found in Italy． He experimented with the material and then showed its surprising powers to his customers. After putting on a pair of asbestos gloves, which looked much like ordinary work gloves, he took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in his hands.How astonished the customers were to discover that he was not burned at all．You can well imagine that he had increasing business in asbestos roofing materials． However, because it was very expensive to transport them from Italy to the United States, Mr.Johns sent out a young scientist to seek a source nearer home. This young man found great vein（岩脉）, in the province of Quebec in Canada．

Ever since 1881 Quebec has led the world in the production of this unusual mineral, which is made up of magnesium, silicon, iron, and oxygen．When it is mined, the asbestos is heavy, just as you would expect a mineral to be．When it is separated, a strange thing happens: the rock breaks down into fine, soft, soapy fibres．

Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into threads, but they have found thousands of uses of this fireproof material, of the so-called “cloth of stone”．

1.Which title best expresses the main idea of this passage?

A．Asbestos mined in Canada B．Fireproof matter

C．A “wonder” mineral D．A new roofing material

2.Johns proved his ability as a salesman by_______．

A．going into roofing business B．carrying asbestos from Italy

C．sending a trained scientist D．showing the use of asbestos gloves

3.Which is the most important characteristic of asbestos that the author wants to show us?

A．It is like thread． B．It feels soapy．

C．It burns easily． D．It is unusually heavy．

4.The author’s main purpose in writing this passage was to _______．

A．show the need for more scientists

B．compare asbestos with other minerals

C．increase the sales of asbestos

D．present facts about asbestos

Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use．This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives．

To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so ．Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today．It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it brought about was typically localized．In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient．

Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution．Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields．Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable．However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity．

What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050，yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions．

All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th．This will require radical（激进的）thinking．For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones．We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”．The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage．Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used．There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity．It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting, but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity．

What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production．

72．How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

A．By its productivity B． By its impact on the environment　　

C．By its sustainability D．By its contribution to economic growth

73．What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries

　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth

　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable

　　D．They are environmentally friendly

74．What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

　　A．It will go through radical changes

　　B．It will supply more animal products

　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices

　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment

75．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development

　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production

　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress

　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is．

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