So you think you know your dog. But how well does your dog know you? She probably recognizes you when she sees you. But can a dog tell by simply looking at you whether you have a happy or an angry expression on your face? Researchers in Austria have taught pet dogs to know the difference.

Dogs are very mindful of sound. When dog owners shout or speak in a strong, unkind voice, dogs often act ashamed and quietly move away from the area.

Recently, researchers found that dogs can look at our faces, and tell the difference between a smile and a frown(皱眉). The animals were able to recognize a look of praise from one of blame.

Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna performed a series of experiments. They taught dogs to recognize facial expressions. They showed the dogs two pictures of either the upper or lower half of a person's face. On one picture, the person looked happy. The other appeared angry.

The dogs were then shown images of the eyes or mouths of people they had never seen before. They were also shown the left half of the faces used in training.

Corsin Muller led the study. “We were really speaking, do they realize that smiling eyes have the same meaning as a smiling mouth, or angry eyes have the same meaning as an angry mouth? And it turned out that they really did perform very well in these research experiments.”

Once the dogs learned to recognize which image was happy or angry, they could easily find the same expressions in pictures of any face.

Corsin Muller says future studies will try to show whether dogs can learn the meaning of facial expressions―for example, whether a frown shows that someone is angry.

In the experiments, researchers found the dogs were slower to link a reward, or prize, with recognition of the angry face. This suggested that dogs had an idea people with angry faces were best avoided.

1.What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. How one can know his dog well.

B. How a dog can probably be well trained.

C. How a dog can tell one something.

D. How a dog can know one’s expressions.

2.Hearing its owner’s strong, unkind voice, a dog is likely to_________.

A. jump happily B. act excitedly

C. escape quietly D. shout loudly

3.A dog is able to recognize one’s __________.

A. praise B. blame

C. anger D. all of the above

4.What can we learn from the passage?

A. Dogs are as clever as human beings.

B. Dogs can understand man’s feelings.

C. Dogs can be trained to do everything.

D. Dogs can learn to make any angry face.

There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older,while others hold that if they stop exercising,their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths:

I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family

Wrong!While we can't change the body type we are born with,we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families,and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.

I am fat because I burn calories slowly

Wrong!Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact,although fat people consume more energy than slim people,they also fail to realize how much they eat!Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.

Exercise is boring

Wrong!Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk,take a different route. If you do yoga,try a tai chi class. If you like swimming,set yourself a distance or time challenge.

No pain,no gain

Wrong!Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed,pain is your body telling you something's wrong,and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly,but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't,rest and seek medical advice.

1.What does the author think about being fat?

A. It is the family genes that make people fat.

B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.

C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.

D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.

2.According to the author,how can we make exercise more interesting?

A. By taking varied exercise.

B. By choosing simple exercise.

C. By doing regular exercise.

D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.

3.What is the author's opinion about “No pain,no gain” in exercising?

A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.

B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.

C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.

D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.

4.What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To declare the importance of keeping fit.

B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.

C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.

D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.

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