题目内容
3.Today's workplace is unique in history.Never before have we seen people working together who represent such different backgrounds and experiences.This difference of age,race,gender,and work style makes it very difficult to organize and run a company.As a result,companies are looking for individuals who can manage a wide range of employees effectively.Increasingly,managers are discovering that age differences among workers are a major cause of concern.
This has been an important realization.The management difficulties and challenges have led some experts to study intergenerational differences for an understanding of problems in the workplace.What they have discovered is interesting and may provide ways of improving working conditions in companies that employ individuals from different generations.
The first thing to realize,they say,is that differences of opinion about the importance of work and how to get work done are not a coincidence.That is,it is not an accident that young employees will be different from older employees.In fact,if employers do not pay attention to these differences,it is possible that anger will build up between people and lead to difficulties in the company.
Resentment (仇恨) between members of different generations,if not attended to,can lead to extreme anger and unhappiness and even lasting enmity if people are not careful.That individuals from different generations should come to view each other as if they were from different sides of warring countries should not be surprising.
It is natural for individuals from the same generation to form alliances (联盟),to come together for protection.Different generations represent different experiences in life,and these lead naturally to different opinions about oneself and one's approaches to work.
If you were raised in a time of plenty,when products were readily available and relatively inexpensive,you would believe that prosperity is natural and expectable.If,on the other hand,you were raised in a time of scarcity,you would always be careful not to waste things for fear you would not have enough.You would make angry people who seem to believe that problems will always solve themselves.Such optimism in the face of difficulties would be a source of unhappiness between you and them.It is difficult,in such circumstances,to achieve a happy,agreeable atmosphere in the workplace.
84.What most possibly makes it difficult to organize or run a company?A
A.Employees are in different generations.
B.Employees are of different backgrounds.
C.Employees work in different styles.
D.Employees are in different races.
85.Employers should pay attention toB if they want to avoid anger between employees.
A.the different understanding of problems in the workplace
B.the different views on value of work and working methods
C.the different generations of employees in the workplace
D.the different ways of expressing anger in the company
86.The word"enmity"is closet in meaning toA.
A.hatred B.sorrows C.ignorance D.forgiveness
87.What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?D
A.Employees should be cooperative and friendly with each other.
B.It is difficult for employers to have workers work in a friendly way.
C.The weakness of human nature causes the anger between employees.
D.The generational differences cause the disharmony among employees.
分析 本文属于议论文的范畴.主要描述了雇员间的年龄差异很容易导致矛盾,给公司的发展造成困扰,生于不同时代的人对事物的看法不同,所以人们对生活的态度与生长的时代有很大关系.
解答 84-87.ABAD
84.A 推理判断题.根据第一段中的"This difference of age,race,gender,and work style makes it very difficult to organize and run a company."以及第二段中的"Increasingly,managers are discovering that age differences among workers are a major cause of concern."可知,雇员间年龄、种族、脾气和工作风格的不同都会给公司的经营造成困难,而其中年龄的差异是最主要的,故选A.
85.B 推理判断题.根据第四段中的"The first thing to realize,they say,is that differences of opinion about the importance of work and how to get work done are not a coincidence."可知,年龄的差异首先表现在对工作重要性的认识和工作方法上的不同,所以要避免雇员间的矛盾,要特别注意这一点.故选B.
86.A 词义猜测题.hatred怨恨,敌意;sorrows悲伤;ignorance忽视;forgiveness原谅.根据本句话可知,如果不注意的话,雇员间的矛盾会发展为愤怒,甚至互相敌视,故选A.
87.D 主旨大意题.根据文章可知,雇员间的年龄差异很容易导致矛盾,给公司的发展造成困扰,故选D.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
The sad truth is that every school,whether public or private,has mean girls.I bet you can still even remember who they are from your school.As a school consultant and mother of three daughters,I know firsthand both personally and professionallyhow much it hurts when girls are targeted by bullies(恃强凌弱者).
The old saying"sticks and stones may break my bones,but words will never hurt me,"couldn't be further from the truth.While boys usually bully through intimidation (胁迫),girls bully through exclusion,also called relational aggression.Here's an example of a case of relational bullying,taken from my experience as a school consultant:
"Heather"was miserable because a girl in her class,"Leslie,"was not only saying mean things to her face,but getting the other girls in the class to exclude her with the age old line"You can't be friends with me,if you're friends with her."In our sessions,Heather would complain that she didn't have anyone to play with because girls were afraid that if they hung around her they'd become Leslie's next target.
In order to improve the situation,I had to not only reduce the power Leslie had,but empower Heather as well.Here are some ideas that helped,adapted for use by parents:
Ask for specifics when your daughter mentions bullying.Who?Where?How?
Tell the principal and classroom teacher the specifics of how she is being bullied.Have them tell other teachers (i.e.,gym,art,music),hallway monitors and cafeteria staff so that everyone who comes in contact with her can be on the lookout and ready to interfere.
Explain to her that reporting an incident is not the same as tattling(打小报告),and have her tell an adult at school when she is being bullied.
Teach her to convey self-confidence by walking confidently,with her head up.Bullies target those they think are weaker.
Arrange opportunities for your daughter to socialize with her friends outside of school to help her maintain a strong social support system.
In Heather's case,these steps relieved the problem.But because it's tougher to catch girl bullies,it's extremely important for girls to tell an adult if they are being bullied.Unlike boys,who usually bully physically,mean girls often spread rumors,whisper as their target walks by,talk loudly about a party she wasn't invited to,give her the silent treatment,and as discussed above,tell others not to be friends with her.School personnel are there to help,but in order to do anything they must know a problem exists!
| Bullying from mean girls | |
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| Different forms of girl bullying | ◇refusing to (71)include someone in groups ◇(72)threateningothers not to befriend someone ◇spreading rumors about someone ◇treating someone with (73)coldness |
| Bad effects of girl bullying | ◇causing the victims to suffer both physically and (74)mentally ◇leading to the (75)declinein the victims'school performance |
| (76)Suggestions/Tips/Adviceon fighting against girl bullying | ◇Get (77)specificinformation about the bullying. ◇Inform the school staff to interfere with bullying. ◇Encourage kids to (78)seekhelp when bullied. ◇Develop confidence in your kids to (79)avoidshowing weakness. ◇Help kids to gain support by (80)socializingwith friends. |
| Conclusion | The problem of girl bullying can be solved by joint effort. |