Question

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves．Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them．It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading．Douglas insists that“reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”． 　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes．They differ in kind and function．The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read．Teaching is also public activity．It can be seen and observed． 　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language．Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny． 　　If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge?Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions．“Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children．” 　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated．Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading． (1) The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________． [　　] A． it is one of the most difficult school courses B． students spend endless hours in reading C． reading tasks are assigned with little guidance D． too much time is spent in teaching about reading (2) The teaching of reading will be successful if ________． [　　] A． teachers can improve conditions at school for the students B． teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading C． teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading D． teachers can make their teaching activities observable (3) The underlined word“scrutiny”most probably means“________”． [　　] A． inquiry B． observation C． control D． suspicion (4) According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________． [　　] A． children become highly motivated B． teacher and learner roles are interchangeable C． teaching helps children in the search for knowledge D． reading enriches children's experience (5) The main idea of the passage is that ________． [　　] A． teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read B． teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible C． reading ability is something acquired rather than taught D． reading is more complicated that generally believed

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．B;3．B;4．A;5．C;
解析：

(1)	本文是一篇议论文，在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时，论述了作者自己阅读的教学观：阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。依据文章第1段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading…”(教学生如何阅读当然不是带着学生花费大量的时间去一点一点地读)。可以看出，作者认为现在教阅读的时间太多了，这当然是因为教而不教法。所以选项D正确。
(2)	依据文章第2段第2行开始的句子：“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read”(教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围)，B项符合上述意思，为正确答案。
(3)	该题为猜测词义。inquiry“询问”。observation“观察”。control“控制”。suspicion“怀疑”。该词出现在第3段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”，考生可从该句的上文作出推测。最明显的提示出现在第2段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity; it can be seen and observed”所以，scrutiny最可能的词义应该是observation，故B项正确。
(4)	依据文章第4段、第5段所提供的信息，特别是第5段第4行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading．”(当教师们创造了一种环境，使孩子们有机会自己通过阅读解决所遇到的问题时，学习阅读就变得容易多了)，可以看出A项与之最为相近。
(5)	依据文章第1段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and…”说明阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的。教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法，只有这样，才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。所以选项C正确。其他选项与文章讨论的范围不符。