题目内容

Referring to his notes during that important test led to ________.
[     ]
A. having punished the boy
B. punishing the boy
C. the boy being punished
D. the boy to be punished
C
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The problem just________to be discussed at the class meeting tomorrow.

  A. referred is        B. referred to being  C. referring to is    D. referred to is

The average person learns most of the 30 000～40 000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context or simply absorbing them without conscious(意识到的) effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently(永久的)by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However, even those extra few are of value, and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions of how to do it.

Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word, or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really conscientious(认真的), write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list — preferably using it in a sentence, or you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.

Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you already know. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read.

Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes, suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.

If you are studying a foreign language, be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited(继承) or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500 000～600 000 words from Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and German.

When you meet a new word in reading, what should you do?

A. Guess its meaning.                           B. Ask somebody.

C. Look it up in a dictionary.                     D. All of the above.

According to this passage, the best way to build a good vocabulary is _______.

A. to remember a lot                              B. to read a great deal

C. to take part in a lot of good talks            D. both B and C

The phrase “be alert to” in the third paragraph may best be replaced by “_______”.

A. look at                                        B. pay attention to 

C. write down                                  D. learn by heart

In the fourth paragraph, the word “them” refers to _______.

A. the parts of words            B. prefixes    C. suffixes                         D. roots

Yi So－yeon, an engineer from Seoul, returned to Earth on Saturday after 11 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS), along with Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and US astronaut Peggy Whitson.

A technical problem turned a routine (常规) return to Earth into a sharper than usual descent (下降) that tested the group members' stamina and courage. They landed in the Kazakh steppes ( 大草原)  about 420km  (260 miles) wide of their target.

“During the descent there was some kind of fire outside the Soyuz capsule because we were going through the atmosphere，” Yi said.

“At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay, so I tried to look okay too.”

Yi smiled and joked her way through a 10－minute news briefing at Star City, the wooded Soviet era cosmonaut training centre on the edge of Moscow. However, Malenchenko and Whitson looked tired and thin after nearly six months in space. Their answers were short and Whitson needed support to balance when she walked. The 29－year－old Yi has become famous in South Korea since the take－off but she brushed this aside and said she has had little contact with friends or family since returning.

“In fact, they are the heroes right now，” Yi said, referring to Malenchenko and Whitson. “I'm just a beginner and a little ashamed to say that I am a hero.”  She did, though, relate a more light－hearted incident on the ISS.

“I sang Fly Me to the Moon” Yi said about the 1950s pop song. “It's my favorite song from university although at that time I didn't know I would be an astronaut.”

The capsule's so－called “ballistic” re－entering made the group members face twice the usual pull from the centre of the earth.  The flames Yi described may have been caused by friction (摩擦) heating the capsule as it fell through the atmosphere.

Whitson told reporters that Saturday's ballistic landing, was irregular but not an emergency.

“The Soyuz has been through its history very reliable and there has obviously been some issue in the last couple of descents which went ballistic, but I'm sure the engineers will determine what the problems are and get them fixed，” she said.

In October, a Soyuz capsule carrying Malaysia's first space tourist touched down about 200 km (125 miles) off_course in a similar ballistic landing caused by a technical problem.

The Soyuz is the world's longest－serving manned space capsule.  An early version of the craft, the Vostok, carried the first person into space in 1961.

Whitson, 48, has become the American with the longest amount of time in space with 377 days.

1. What's the main idea of the passage?

A. Flight in space is very dangerous

B. Not everybody can go into space

C. Fearful landing tests the Korean astronaut

D. Yi didn't know she would be an astronaut when she was young

2. The reason why Yi So－yeon felt afraid at first was that ________.

A. a fire was caused by the friction

B. she had no such experience before

C. she was not brave enough

D. the other two didn't help her

3. From the passage, we can learn that ________.

A. Yi So－yeon, a space tourist came from South Korea

B. Whitson became energetic when they landed on earth

C. the two other guys were not afraid during the descent

D. the Soyuz, an unmanned space capsule, had a long history

4. The underlined phrase in this passage means ________.

A. out of work            B. out of control  

C. in the wrong direction   D. in danger

5. We can conclude from this passage that ________.

A. experience is very important for astronauts to ensure safety

B. Yi So－yeon will never return to the space station

C. people are not willing to experience the space flight

D. we should draw a lesson from the accident

It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?

One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.

In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?

A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?

The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?

At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?

But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?

Learner’s Dictionary.?

However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?

An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.

On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?

And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?

66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?

解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?

 

 When you talk about a person’s _____, you are referring to the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors.

A. origin                            B. nationality                   C. generation                   D. relation

 

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