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Animals And Natural Environment

  If you live in a country in northern Europe, you'll share your garden with all sorts of birds, animals and insects (昆虫). The swallows (燕子) will travel 8,000 kilometers or more to southern Africa. They'll come back in the spring.

  In warm countries, where the winters are not very long or very cold, hibernation is not necessary. But in very cold parts of the world, like the far north of Russia, many animals hibernate; the ground is so hard that they cannot make a deep hole to spend the winter in. And animals in a large part of the northern hemisphere (北半球) spend every winter fast asleep.

  A bear is a half-hibernating animal. A she-bear chooses her wintering place much more carefully because she is likely to have cubs(小熊) in it. It is nearly always a cave, and she covers the floor with grass or leaves to be sure of extra warmth. She hides as much food as possible in it. She sleeps until January, when the cubs are born. Even then she doesn't try to come out of hibernation. The cubs stay with her, drinking her milk and growing bigger and stronger week by week until spring arrives. To keep the milk supply going, the she-bear eats the food from her secret stores.

1. In northern Europe, people ___________all kinds of birds, animals and insects.

[  ]

A.hate
B. live on
C.get on well with
D. like eating

2.The swallows travel very long distance from the north to the south, because ___________.

[  ]

A. they like travelling

B. they want to find their food there

C. they want to visit their friends there

D. the climate is warm in the south in winter

3.In warm places, animals ___________.

[  ]

A. need hibernating

B. don't need hibernating

C. never go out in winter

D. do much exercise

4. According to the passage, a she-bear has her babies in ___________.

[  ]

A.spring
B. winter
C.summer
D.autumn

5. In the last sentence, “going”means ___________.

[  ]

A.moving
B. passing
C.lasting
D. becoming
答案:C;D;B;B;C
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阅读理解

Animals And Natural Environment

  If you live in a country in northern Europe, you'll share your garden with all sorts of birds, animals and insects (昆虫). The swallows (燕子) will travel 8,000 kilometers or more to southern Africa. They'll come back in the spring.

  In warm countries, where the winters are not very long or very cold, hibernation is not necessary. But in very cold parts of the world, like the far north of Russia, many animals hibernate; the ground is so hard that they cannot make a deep hole to spend the winter in. And animals in a large part of the northern hemisphere (北半球) spend every winter fast asleep.

  A bear is a half-hibernating animal. A she-bear chooses her wintering place much more carefully because she is likely to have cubs(小熊) in it. It is nearly always a cave, and she covers the floor with grass or leaves to be sure of extra warmth. She hides as much food as possible in it. She sleeps until January, when the cubs are born. Even then she doesn't try to come out of hibernation. The cubs stay with her, drinking her milk and growing bigger and stronger week by week until spring arrives. To keep the milk supply going, the she-bear eats the food from her secret stores.

1. In northern Europe, people ___________all kinds of birds, animals and insects.

[  ]

A.hate
B. live on
C.get on well with
D. like eating

2.The swallows travel very long distance from the north to the south, because ___________.

[  ]

A. they like travelling

B. they want to find their food there

C. they want to visit their friends there

D. the climate is warm in the south in winter

3.In warm places, animals ___________.

[  ]

A. need hibernating

B. don't need hibernating

C. never go out in winter

D. do much exercise

4. According to the passage, a she-bear has her babies in ___________.

[  ]

A.spring
B. winter
C.summer
D.autumn

5. In the last sentence, “going”means ___________.

[  ]

A.moving
B. passing
C.lasting
D. becoming

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  There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

  In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

  What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

  Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use.

1.The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that _____.

[  ]

A.their social roles are strictly determined

B.most boys would like to follow their father's jobs

C.boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D.they like challenging activities

2.“The universality of toys”lies in the fact that _____.

[  ]

A.technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B.the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C.the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D.the basic characteristics of toys are the same world over

3.Regarded as a kind of art form,toys _____.

[  ]

A.follow a direct line of development

B.also greatly interest adults

C.are not characterized by progress in technology

D.show the pace of social progress

4.The author used the example of a rattle to show that _____.

[  ]

A.in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials

B.even the simplest toys can show the progress of technology

C.it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making

D.even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the time

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  If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over forests for thousands of kilometers.These great forests are the oceans of trees.There are thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animals there.

  However, the world’s forests are getting smaller all the time.We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland.Some people say that there will not be any forests like these in 20 or 30 years.What will happen if they disappear?If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world.In a lot of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts.

  Crops will not grow there.It will not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot.Perhaps the climate of the world will change.This will be dangerous for everyone in the world.That is why we must take care of our forests.

(1)

The passage mainly tells us about ________.

[  ]

A.

the importance of taking care of our trees

B.

the result of cutting down the trees

C.

the locations(方位)of great forests

D.

the reasons for forming the deserts

(2)

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

[  ]

A.

Africa and South America are the oceans of trees.

B.

Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.

C.

Forests are usually several square kilometers large.

D.

Different plants can’t be found in the same forest.

(3)

The need for more wood and more land results in ________.

[  ]

A.

the change of the world climate

B.

more deserts and less farmland

C.

the disappearance of many plants and animals

D.

all of the above

(4)

What will happen in 20 or 30 years in some people’s view?

[  ]

A.

We’ll have more and greater forests.

B.

We’ll have enough land to support our people.

C.

We’ll have no forests like those in the center of Africa.

D.

We’ll have enough wood to do some cooking.

(5)

The writer thinks ________.

[  ]

A.

it dangerous for everyone to cut down the forests

B.

it necessary for everyone to protect the forests

C.

it impossible for everyone to take care of the world

D.

it important for everyone to keep animals

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     Animals are more like us than we ever imagined . They feel pain, they experience stress, they show
affection, excitement and love . All these findings have been made by scientists in recent years-and such
results are beginning to change how we view animals.
     Strangely enough, some of this research was sponsored by fast food companies like McDonald's and KFC . Pressured by animal rights groups , these companies felt they had to fund scientists researching the emotional and mental states of animals.
     McDonald's, for instance, funded studies on pig behavior at Purdue University, Indiana . This research
found that pigs seek affection and easily become depressed if left alone or prevented from playing with
each other . If they become depressed, they soon become physically ill . Because of this, and other similar studies, the European Union has banned the use of isolating pig stalls from 2010 . In Germany, the government is encouraging pig farmers to give each pig 20 seconds of human contact a day, and to provide them with toys to prevent them from fighting
     Other scientists have shown that animals think and behave like humans . Koko, the 300-pound gorilla
at the Gorilla Foundation in Northern California, for instance, has been taught sign language . Koko can
now understand several thousand English words, more than many humans who speak English as a second
language . On human IQ tests, she scores between 70 and 95.
     Before such experiments, humans thought language skills were absent from the animal kingdom . Other myths are also being overturned, like the belief that animals lack self-awareness . Studies have also shown
that animals mourn their dead, and that they play for pleasure.
      These striking similarities between animal and human behavior have led some to ask a question: "If
you believe in evolution, how can't you believe that animals have feelings that human  beings have?"
     Until recently, scientists believed that animals behaved by instinct and that what appeared to be learned behavior was merely genetically-programmed activity . But as Koko the Gorilla shows, this is not the case . In fact, learning is passed from parent to offspring far more often than not in the animal kingdom.
     So what implications does this knowledge have for humans? Because of this, should we ban hunting
and animal testing? Should we close zoos? Such questions are being raised by many academics and
politicians . Harvard and 25 other American law schools have introduced courses on animal rights .
Germany meanwhile, recently guaranteed animal rights in its constitution-the first country to do so.

1 . McDonald's and KFC give money to support scientist to do research on animals, because_____
A . they are international big companies.
B . they love animals.
C . they are pressured by animal right groups.
D . they earn a large amount of money and want to do some good deeds.

2 . The research on pigs at Purdue University shows that______
A . pigs love being alone.
B . pigs easily become physically ill.
C . pigs need affection.
D . pigs don't like to play with each other.

3 . Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A . Animals behave by instinct.
B . Animals have self-awareness.
C . Animals have feelings and love.
D . Animals do not have language skills.

4 . Should we ban hunting and animal testing?
A . Yes.
B . No
C . Not certain
D . Not mentioned

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