Electric cars are dirty．In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins．
People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放)vehicles,” but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from．Power plants most all use fire to make it．Aside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators(发电机)．Generators are fueled by something－usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants．There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热的)plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something．
In other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars．It's just the coal is burned somewhere else so it looks clean．It is not．It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes－“If I can't see it, it's not happening．” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it．But when you take that gas(or another fuel)and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat－at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc．
A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles．But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far－so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered ones．If our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean．But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources．
In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill(垃圾)．And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads．When it's a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place．Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot．
(1)
What does the author mean by using “ignorant” in paragraph Ⅱ?
[ ]
A．
The California Greens are covering their eyes．
B．
People in California love to talk about zero-emissions vehicles
C．
People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells
D．
People there have no diea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal, oil, etc
(2)
According to the passage, why the California Greens hold the idea “If I can't see it, it's not happening?”
[ ]
A．
They do not know those clean cars are likely coal-burning cars．
B．
They do believe that the coal is burned somewhere else so it look clean．
C．
They tend to hold that electricity is a nice part of energy
D．
They tend to maintain that gasoline is a good way to run a vehicle．
(3)
Compared with cars using gas, electric cars ________．
[ ]
A．
do not burn fuel and more environmental．
B．
are dangerous and it is difficult for nature to clean it up when their batteries are buried in one spot．
C．
are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated．
D．
are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill．
(4)
It can be inferred from the passage that ________．
[ ]
A．
being green is good and should be encouraged in communications．
B．
electric cars are not as clean as people assume in that electricity is mainly got by burning something．
C．
zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment．
D．
electric cars are now the primary vehicle compared with gasoline powered cousins．
Several years ago, my parents, my wife, my son and I ate at one of those restaurants where the menu is written on a blackboard．After a wonderful dinner, the waiter set the check in the middle of the table．That’s when it happened：my father did not reach for the check．
Conversation continued．Finally I realized that I should pick up the check!After hundreds of restaurant meals with my parents, after a lifetime of thinking of my father as the one with dollars, it had all changed．I reached for the check, and my view of myself suddenly changed．I was an adult．I was no longer a kid．
Some people mark off(区分)their lives in years, I measure mine in small events．I didn’t become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister．” These events in my life are called “milestones”(里程碑)
There have been other milestones．The cops(policemen)of my youth always seemed big, even huge, and of course they were older than I was．Then one day they were suddenly realized that all the football players in the game I was watching were younger than I was．They were just big kids．With that milestone gone was the dream that someday, maybe I, too, could be a football player．Without ever having reached the hill, I was over it．
I never thought that I would fall asleep in front of the TV set as my father did．Now it’s what I do best．I never thought that I would go to the beach and not swim, yet I spent all of August at the shore and never once went into the ocean．I never thought that I would appreciate opera, but now the combination of voice and orchestra attract me．I never thought that I would prefer to stay home in the evenings, but now I find myself passing up parties．I used to think that people who watched birds were strange, but this summer I fond myself watching them, and maybe I’ll get a book on the subject．I feel a strong desire for a religious belief that I never thought I’d want, feel close to my ancestors(祖先)long gone, and echo my father in arguments with my son．I still lose…
One day I bought a house．One day－what a day!–I became a father, and not too long after that I picked up the check for my own father．I thought then it was a milestone for me．One day, when I was a little older, I realized it was one for him, too, another milestone．
(1)
The tone established in the passage is one of ________．
[ ]
A．
sad regret
B．
amusement
C．
happiness
D．
deep feeling
(2)
The author mentions the event in the restaurant because ________．
[ ]
A．
that was one of his milestone
B．
he paid the bill but he didn’t want to
C．
he became a father with dollars
D．
that was the last restaurant meal with his parents
(3)
“Then they were suddenly neither．” Suggests that ________．
[ ]
A．
suddenly they became older than I was
B．
suddenly I knew that they was neither bigger nor older than I was
C．
suddenly I realized that I made mistake
D．
suddenly I found myself no longer a kid
(4)
Which of the following best expresses the author’s thinking?
[ ]
A．
One day is worth two tomorrow
B．
To save time is to length life
C．
When an opportunity is lost, it never comes back to you
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afraid. A person with a green thumb