Question

【题目】A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report said. But the world's weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a "disturbing global public health problem."

Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates, average weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times greater among youth and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and India. Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the least. In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.

Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people.

Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed(加工的) foods instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.

The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed foods like ice cream and hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables has gone up.

【1】What do we know about obesity in the world?

A. It is worrying

B. It is given no attention

C. It has been successfully solved

D. It is more serious among old people

【2】Which country has the most overweight children in 2015?

A. America B. Vietnam

C. Egypt D. Bangladesh

【3】What is one of the reasons why people get overweight?

A. Hunger B. Poor diet

C. Diets with vegetables D. Eating too much fruit

【4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced Diet

B. How Can We Lose Weight and Keep Fit?

C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables?

D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】全世界有三分之一的人口属于超重或被认为肥胖，肥胖已经成为困扰很多国家的问题，但是饥饿仍然存在。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. 自1980年以来，73个国家的儿童和成人的肥胖率翻了一倍，使得人们更加担心。可知肥胖令人担忧。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据第二段的研究结果In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.可知在2015年，美国的超重儿童数量最多。故选A。

【3】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people. 专家指出，饮食不良和缺乏锻炼是超重人数增加的主要原因。可知超重的其中一个原因是饮食不良，故选B。

【4】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的就是世界人口的超重问题，故标题用Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.合适，故选D。

主旨大意题解题思路分析：

概括主旨大意的方法有：

A：寻找主题句，有些段落大意在主题句上。主题句有的在句首，有的在段中，有的在段尾。

B：寻找关键词，有些段落大意就散落在关键词上。

阅读理解的问题也以如下形式出现：

1. What is the best title for/of the passage?

2. What can be inferred from the passage?

3. What does the author mainly tell us about in the text？

4. What is mainly discussed in the article/passage/text? 做答这类问题时，将阅读重点放在首尾部分，中间部分则可采用略读或者扫读的方式，一则省时间，二则目标明确，正确率自然也相应提高了。如本文的第4小题，由题干Which of the following can be the best title for the text?可知这里考查了本文的主旨。根据主旨大意题的解题技巧A，我们通过阅读文章开头部分——A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight.可知文章要描述的是人们的体重超标问题，接下来文章对其说明，并列出数据以及调查结果。可知本文的开头即是主题句，所以用D作为标题合适。