题目内容
【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last weekend, my British friend, Jim, spots a paper-cutting booth when we were wandering on street. Having never seen paper-cuts, he immediate bought one. However, the seller shook her head when see the 100-yuan note Jim handed to her. She had no changes! How disappointed Jim was! He was about to quit while I took out my cellphone, scanned the QR code on the booth and paid for five yuan. Jim was very surprising. I explained to her that nowadays we could pay with a cellphone for almost everything. “Wow!” Jim said, “The paper-cut looks great, and the payment method seems even great!”
【答案】1. 第一句：spots→spotted
2. 第一句：street前面加上the
3. 第二句：immediate→immediately
4. 第三句：see→seeing
5. 第四句：changes→change
6. 第六句：while→when
7. 第六句：去掉paid后的for
8. 第七句：surprising→surprised
9. 第八句：her→him
10. 第九句：great→greater
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者与英国朋友在街上闲逛时，朋友对从没见过的剪纸特别感兴趣。当他拿出100元准备买剪纸时，卖主却没零钱找钱。作者就用手机扫二维码付了款。朋友感叹道：剪纸很好，但是这个付款方式更好。
1. 考查一般过去时。句意：上周末，当我和英国朋友Jim在街上闲逛时，Jim注意到了一家剪纸的摊位。由句首的Last weekend可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。故将spots改为spotted。
2. 考查固定搭配。句意同上。“在街上”应翻译为on the street，故在street前加the。
3. 考查副词。句意：从没有见过剪纸，他马上买了一个。此处修饰动词bought，所以应用副词形式。故将immediate改为immediately。
4. 考查现在分词作状语。句意：当她看到Jim给她的100元钱时，卖家摇了摇头。句子主语the seller与see之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故将see改为seeing。
5. 考查名词。句意：她没有零钱。change表示“零钱、找头”时，是不可数名词。故将changes改为change。
6. 考查固定句型。句意：他正要放弃，这时我拿出手机，扫描了展位上的二维码，付了5元钱。此处是固定句型：be about to do sth. when…“正要做某事，就在这时……”。故将while改为when。
7. 考查实义动词。句意：他正要放弃，这时我拿出手机，扫描了展位上的二维码，付了5元钱。pay和pay for都可表示“付款”，但用法不同。pay(付款，支付)是及物动词，后面接人或钱，意为“支付/付款（给某人）”；pay for sth.意为“为……付款”，其宾语多为物。此处表示“付了五元钱”，for明显多余。故将paid后的for去掉。
8. 考查形容词。句意：Jim感到非常惊讶。-ing 形容词主要是用来描述引起人某种感觉的事物； -ed形容词主要是用来描述人的感觉，表示人对事物产生某种感觉。本句话的主语是Jim，表示人，根据句意表示Jim感到很惊讶，所以应使用-ed形式的形容词。故将surprising改为surprised。
9. 考查人称代词。句意：我向他解释，现在我们几乎什么东西都使用手机付钱。根据句意，我是向Jim解释，Jim是男性，所以代词应使用him。故将her改为him。
10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：剪纸看起来很好，这种付款方式好像更棒。even作为副词，应修饰形容词比较级。Jim将剪纸与付款方式进行比较，觉得付款方式更棒。故将great改为greater。
【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填 1 个单词。
Britain Supports E-Cigarettes, US Considers Ban
The United States and Britain have very different views on e-cigarettes.
American public health officials are warning of the dangers of vaping(吸电子烟)among young people. But, British officials consider electronic cigarettes to be a powerful tool for people trying to quit smoking.
Britain’s Royal College of Physicians tells doctors to promote e-cigarettes “as widely as possible” for patients trying to give up cigarettes. And Public Health England says vaping is much less dangerous than smoking.
In the United States, hundreds of people who vape have been sickened by a mysterious lung illness. Many of them are teenagers.
In answer, the federal government and some states have recently taken steps to ban the flavored e-cigarettes that appeal to young people.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) now recommends that people consider not using e-cigarettes.
Dr. John Britton is director of the U.K. Center for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies at the University of Nottingham. He said the U.S. reaction is “complete madness.” Dr. Britton added, “The reality with smoking is, if you tell people to stop vaping, they will go back to tobacco and tobacco kills.”
Around the world, countries have different views on vaping. More than 30 nations ban e-cigarettes completely. Many European countries, including Austria, Belgium, Germany and Italy, consider e-cigarettes the same as tobacco products and control the sales of them.
However, France, just like Britain, hardly sets limits on the sales of e-cigarettes. In those countries, e-cigarettes are sold as usual consumer products.
E-cigarettes arrived in the United States in 2007 and have been mostly unregulated. Three years ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) got the power to oversee their use. Black market, illegal sales of e-cigarettes have grown quickly.
The FDA’s acting commissioner, Dr. Ned Sharpless, recently testified(作证)before Congress.
Several lawmakers suggested complete removal of e-cigarettes from the market.
“We do not consider these products safe, we think they have harm,” Dr. Sharpless said. “We do not think really anyone should be using them other than people using them in place of smoking regular tobacco cigarettes. “
How do e-cigarettes work? The vaping devices usually heat a solution(溶液)containing nicotine into a vapor, which is inhaled. The amount of nicotine differs widely. Some countries restrict the amount. There is no limit in the United States. But the widespread use of vaping devices among young people brought warnings from health officials. They said nicotine harms a teenager’s still-developing brain.
“What’s right for England might not be right for the U.S.,” said Ryan Kennedy. He is with the Institute for Global Tobacco Control at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The CDC said that the mysterious lung illness appears to be in connection with THC vaping products. THC is a chemical compound that gives marijuana its high.
The agency said many of the 800 people who got sick reported vaping THC. It said it still needed more information to know whether a single product, substance or brand is responsible. Some researchers have blamed an ingredient used in vaping oils, especially in black market products.
Britain Supports E-Cigarettes, US Considers Ban | ||
Different 【1】. Towards e-cigarettes | The USA | ★Warnings are given out that vaping damages health. ★A ban on flavored e-cigarettes is 【2】.way. ★People are advised by CDC to 【3】 vaping. |
Britain | ★E-cigarettes are considered as helpful for smokers to quit. ★Vaping puts people at less 【4】 than smoking. ★The medical administration promotes the prescription of vaping for patients trying to quit smoking. | |
Elsewhere | ★Over 30 nations ban e-cigarettes completely. ★Many European countries try to keep e-cigarettes in 【5】. ★The sales of e-cigarettes face 【6】 rules in Britain as well as in France. | |
Reasons for the differences | ★In the USA, a mysterious lung illness, suspected to be 【7】 to THC vaping products, has spread among vapers including a lot of teenagers. ★It is believed in Britain, which thinks the USA overreacts, that people will 【8】 to deadly tobacco if vaping is banned. | |
Other facts about e-cigarettes | ★Black market has expanded quickly due to lack of proper regulations. ★FDA recently testified( 作 证 )before Congress, of which several lawmakers suggested that e-cigarettes should be 【9】 removed from the market. ★The amount of nicotine 【10】 in the solution( 溶 液 )of vaping devices differs widely. Anyway, it harms a teenager’s still-developing brain. | |