Question

【题目】Listed below are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should.

Hedy Lamarr

Hedy Lamarr starred in many films. But her film career is far from her only noteworthy achievement; she was also a brilliant inventor. In 1942, she and composer George Antheil received a patent（专利）for a device that could change radio signal frequencies. The purpose of the technology was to keep military enemies from figuring out messages. But it did more than that - it laid a foundation for the wireless technology we use today.

Maria Sibylla Merian

Today, children can happily explain how a caterpillar（毛虫） tums into a butterfly. But there was a time when no one knew this. Until the 1670s, scientists thought that caterpillars and butterflies were two totally different creatures. Thanks to Maria, we know the truth about these beautiful winged insects. Fascinated by insects, she began collecting, studying and drawing them as a child. It was through her study of caterpillars that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. She published two volumes of naturalist research, which provide major contributions to the field of entomology（昆虫学）.

Ada Lovelace

Ada Lovelace, the daughter of celebrated British poet Lord Byron, wasn’t a poet herself but the world’s first computer programmer. We think of computers as a recent invention, but people were toying with the idea of “computing machines” in the mid – 19th century when Lovelace was alive. Lovelace’s mathematical genius was apparent at a young age and caught the attention of Cambridge professor Charles Babbage, who was working to design early computing machines that would be able to quickly solve math problems. Lovelace wrote some suggestions as to how to program the machines to work out numbers.

In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to surest that these computers might be able to do more than compute. She imagined them doing almost everything, from producing images to composing music.

【1】What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to?

A. The technology. B. The patent.

C. The device. D. The film career.

【2】Before Maria’s discovery, people thought that .

A. a butterfly was insect without wings

B. a butterfly was turned from a caterpillar

C. a caterpillar had nothing to do with a butterfly

D. a caterpillar and a butterfly were insects of a kind

【3】What can we learn about Ada Lovelace from the text?

A. She possessed literary talent just like her father.

B. She foresaw various function& of the computer.

C. She received education in Cambridge University.

D. She is considered to have invented the computer.

【4】What did the three women have in common?

A. They discovered priceless things existing in nature.

B. They were entirely devoted to women’s rights.

C. They were expert at information technology.

D. They made great contributions to science.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】本文是人物说明类文章。本文主要介绍了三位为科学做出巨大贡献的女科学家。

【1】推理判断题。在上文内容The purpose of the technology was to keep military enemies from figuring out messages.捕捉到关键词the technology，可知But it did more than that - it laid a foundation for the wireless technology we use today.这句话的意思是这项技术做的更多——这项技术为我们今天使用的无线电技术奠定了基础，选A。

【2】细节理解题。由Maria Sibylla Merian中的Until the 1670s, scientists thought that caterpillars and butterflies were two totally different creatures. Thanks to Maria, we know the truth about these beautiful winged insects.可知17世纪70年代，科学家还认为毛毛虫和蝴蝶是两种完全不同的生物。多亏了Maria，我们知道了这种美丽的长翅膀的昆虫与毛毛虫之间的联系，故选C。

【3】推理判断题。由最后一段In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to surest that these computers might be able to do more than compute. She imagined them doing almost everything, from producing images to composing music.可知Ada Lovelace想象用电脑做每件事，所以Ada Lovelace预见了电脑的不同功能，选B。

【4】推理判断题。Hedy Lamarr发明了一种改变无线电讯号的装置；Maria Sibylla Merian

发现了毛毛虫进化成蝴蝶的事实；Ada Lovelace设计了早期的计算机，所以这三位女士的共同之处是她们为科学做出了巨大的贡献，选D。

根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。小题4询问三位女士的共同之处，通过阅读全文可知Hedy Lamarr发明了一种改变无线电讯号的装置；Maria Sibylla Merian发现了毛毛虫进化成蝴蝶的事实；Ada Lovelace设计了早期的计算机，所以这三位女士的共同之处是她们为科学做出了巨大的贡献，选D。