Question

20．

A．basic  B．applicants   C．extraordinary   D．distinguish  E．private F．contribute  G．expose  H．shifted   I．challenges   J．specialty   K．favored

Many of us grow up dreaming of becoming an astronaut．Ever wonder what it takes to be one？
Take NASA for example．
In order to catch NASA's eye，would-be astronauts must not only stand out in required skills and pass physical and psychological exams，but also find unique ways to （41）Dthemselves from the harsh competition．
NASA's requirements for becoming an astronaut have changed over the years．Originally，it （42）Kcandidates with a military flight background，with at least 1，000 hours spent in command of a jet aircraft．In 1978，however，NASA （43）Hits focus to a more varied group of astronauts：scientists and engineers with at least three years of experience in their respective fields．
During the years of shuttle missions，everyone had a （44）J：some would focus on robotics，others on spacewalks or maintenance．To work on the space station，astronauts must be able to perform all tasks，which encourage （45）Bto acquire different experiences．Jeanette Epps，an astronaut，studied aerospace engineering，worked at Ford Motor Company and took a job with the CIA before joining NASA．She says astronauts'varied backgrounds （46）Fto their ability to adapt and learn anything quickly．
After ensuring that candidates are U．S．citizens and that they satisfy （47）Aeducation and experience requirements，the selection committee enters a gray area．"We're not really looking for one thing，just a good mix of things，"said Duane Ross，the manager for astronaut candidate selection and training．
To the committee，candidates who take on （48）Ioutside of the workplace demonstrate curiosity and energy．Many astronauts who don't have a military background do hold a（n）（49）Epiloting license．Some are enthusiastic mountain climbers，scuba divers or skiers．Others are musicians，dancers，or play competitive sports．Choosing to （50）Gthemselves to different，extreme environments counts as another way to stand out from the crowd．

Answer 1

分析 成为宇航员是我们许多人长大后的梦想，本文主要写了想成为一名宇航员需要的东西．

解答 41．D 考查动词．根据句意：但也找到独特的方式来把自己从激烈的竞争中区分开来．distinguish是动词"辨别，区分"，所以答案选D．
42．K 考查动词．根据句意：最初，它青睐有军事飞行背景的候选人．favor动词"赞成"，所以答案选K．
43．H 考查动词，根据句意：NASA把焦点转移到一个更加多样化的宇航员身上．shift是动词"转移，移动"，所以答案选H．
44．J 考查名词．根据句意：在穿梭任务的岁月里，每个人都有自己的专长，specialty是名词"专业、专长"，所以答案选J．
45．B 考查名词．根据句意：这鼓励申请人获得不同的经验．applicant是名词"申请人，应征人"，所以答案选B．
46．F 考查固定短语，根据句意：她说宇航员不同的背景有助于他们适应和快速学习任何东西的能力．contribute to固定短语"有助于"，所以答案选F．
47．A 考查形容词．根据句意：满足基础教育和经验要求．basic是形容词"基础的，基本的"，所以答案选A．
48．I 考查名词．根据句意：对委员会来说，在工作场所之外接受挑战的候选人表现出好奇心和活力．challenges是名词"挑战"，所以答案选I．
49．E 考查形容词．根据句意：许多没有军事背景的宇航员持有私人驾驶执照．private是形容词"私有的，私人的"，所以答案选E．
50．G考查动词．根据句意：选择将自己暴露在不同的极端环境中是另一种从人群中脱颖而出的方式．expose是动词"暴露，显示"，所以答案选G．

点评 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．