In the eyes of dog lovers, the dog is man’s best friend．But for much wildlife, loose dogs may be a dangerous enemy, according to a study by a biologist from Utah State University in the US．
Based on much existing research and their own case studies, Julie Young of Utah State University and four other scientists conclude that loose dogs may represent a huge danger to wildlife, especially endangered species, by hunting down or worrying them and by spreading diseases．They also found that dogs, their worldwide numbers around 500 million, can cause more damage to wildlife and livestock(牲畜)than wolves and other enemies of these animals．
Young gave examples from the US state of Idaho, where research showed the presence of dogs reducing some deer populations．On the Navajo American Indians’ reservation in northeastern Arizona, packs of loose dogs are chasing livestock．They have killed populations of small animals such as rabbits and act as a disease carrier for rabies(狂犬病)among people and other animals, she said．Loose dogs also were to blame for distemper outbreak leading to a die-off of endangered black-footed ferrets in northwestern Wyoming in the 1980s．
The phenomenon is not just limited to US; it’s a global problen．Julie Young once studied three endangered species in central Asia：wild sheep, gazelles and antelope．The rate of injury and death to these animals by loose dogs was very high．In another case, Young found that dogs, not wolves, as originally suspected, were responsible for a large number of livestock killings in the mountainous Basque country between Spain and France．
Authors of the new study said the problem is likely to worsen as communities expand．Then how to deal with it?
Indeed, in many countries, leash(拴狗的皮带)laws permit punishment of dog owners whose pets chase wildlife．But lawbreakers are rarely punished because the police lack both people and money．
Young has low-cost solutions to the problem for dog lovers, though．They include public dog-training programs and vaccinating(预防接种)dogs against rabies and other illnesses．
(1)
What is the main point of Julie Young’s study?
[ ]
A．
Many species are endangered because they are killed by loose dogs．
B．
Wild dogs are immune to many diseases．
C．
Wolves are still the greatest enemy of livestock．
D．
Loose dogs pose a great danger to wildlife．
(2)
Which of the following statements about loose dogs is TRUE according to the research?
[ ]
A．
There are around 500 million loose dogs around the world．
B．
The black-footed ferrets in northwestern Wyoming were once the main food source of local loose dogs．
C．
The problem caused by loose dogs is the most serious in the US．
D．
People used to think that wolves, rather than loose dogs killed livestock in the Basque country．
(3)
Which of the following is among Julie Young’s solutions to the trouble caused by loose dogs?
[ ]
A．
More strict leash laws
B．
Public dog-training programs．
C．
Vaccinating people against rabies and other illnesses．
D．
More support from the police．
(4)
What is the main point of the article?
[ ]
A．
A global disaster caused by loose dogs．
B．
What makes the dog man’s greatest friend．
C．
The problem of loose dogs and the possible solutions．
Student Date of Birth：19/08/1988 Department of Education and Training
International Students Centre
Hong Xue 827-839 George Street PO Box 707
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Croydon Park NSW 2133 Phone：(612)9217 4801 1300 302 456
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WARNING LETTER
Dear Hong Xue,
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Yours sincerely
Tracey Carlon
Student Advisor
International Students Centre
NSW Department of Education and Training
(1)
What's the purpose of writing this letter?
[ ]
A．
To remind the recipient of the conditions for applying for a student visa．
B．
To warn the recipient not to do anything against his student visa regulations again．
C．
To tell the recipient how to contact his student advisor．
D．
To inform the recipient of the student visa regulations．
(2)
What can be learned about the recipient from this letter?
[ ]
A．
He is under 18 and studies in Australia with his parents．
B．
He is required to come home every night according to the rules．
C．
He can stay with his friends on weekends if permitted．
D．
His student Visa has been cancelled．
(3)
To which address should the recipient reply if he feels like answering the letter?
[ ]
A．
Hong Xue at 60 Waratah Street, Croydon Park NSW 2133．
B．
Tracey Carlon at the Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs．
C．
Hong Xue at NSW Department of Education and Training．
D．
Tracey Carlon at 827-839 George Street, PO Box 707, Broadway NSW 21007．
阅读理解
Once upon a time the colors of the world started to quarrel．Green said,“Clearly I am the most important．I am the sign of life and hope．I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves．Without me, all animals would 1 ．”
Blue interrupted,“You only think about the 2 , but consider the sky and the sea． 3 the water that is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep sea．Without my peace, you would all be 4 ．”
Yellow chuckled(笑道),“You are all so serious．I bring laughter, fun, and 5 into the world．”
Orange started next to blow her trumpet,“I am the color of health and strength．I may be 6 , but I am precious for I serve the needs of human life．When I fill the sky 7 , my beauty is so striking that no one gives another 8 to any of you．”
Red could stand it 9 and he shouted out,“I am the ruler of all of you．I am the color of danger and of bravery．I am willing to 10 truth．I am also the color of passion and of love．”
Then came Purple and Indigo(深蓝)…．
The colors went on boasting, each convinced of his or her own 11 ．Their quarreling became louder and louder．Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightening thunder．Rain started to pour down 12 ．The colors crouched(蜷缩)down 13 , drawing close to one another for comfort．
In the midst of the clamor(叫嚷), rain began to speak,“You foolish colors, fighting 14 yourselves, each trying to dominate 15 ．Don't you know that you were each made for a special purpose, 16 ?Join hands with 17 and come to me．”
Doing as they were told, the colors 18 and joined hands．They formed a colorful rainbow．From then on, whenever a good rain 19 the world, a rainbow appears in the sky．They remember to 20 one another．
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