题目内容
15.A decade-long study,also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆).The study of 6.6 million people found that one in 10dementia deaths in people living within 50 metres of a busy road was due to waste gas and noise.Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions,while previous research showed emissions(排放物)can cause brain shrinkage.But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia,a discovery described as"believable"and"impressive"by British experts.
Dr Hong Chen said."Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic,and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia,even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden.More research to understanding this link is needed,particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic,such as air pollutants and noise."
In the new study,the team tracked all adults aged between 20and 85living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012.They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia,Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化).
While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis,dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road,with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4 percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres.After 200 metres there was no increase.Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution,which is often present near busy roads.
28.What can we know about Canadian's new study?C
A.British experts think highly of it.
B.It brings benefits to dementia patients.
C.It shows that air production is very serious.
D.It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.
29.What Dr Hong Chen said showed thatD.
A.people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollution
B.widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementia
C.the link between living near roads and having dementia was not obvious
D.busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase
30.What does the underlined the word'correlation'mean?B
A.Change.B.Improvement.C.Association.D.Secret
31.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A
A.Living near a main road adds to the risk of noise.
B.Living beyond 300 metres of a main road is safe for people.
C.Living within 200 metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia.
D.The further people live away from heavy traffic,the smaller the risk of having dementia.
分析 文章主要讲述了加拿大最新的一个空气污染和疾病的研究.
解答 28.C 细节理解题.根据文章第一段第一句"A decade-long study,also the first major research into air pollution and disease"十年的研究,也是空气污染和疾病的第一个主要研究,可知加拿大空气污染严重.故选C.
29.D 细节理解题.根据文章第三段第一句"Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia."可知,"我们的研究表明,繁忙的道路可能是导致老年痴呆症发病的环境压力源.故选D.
30.B 词意猜测题.根据文章内容"While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis,"虽然住在公路附近和帕金森氏病或多发性硬化症没有相关性.以及"dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road,"老年人远离主干道痴呆风险降低,故该词在这里的含义为改进.故选B.
31.段落大意题.根据文章内容"Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution,which is often present near busy roads."研究人员认为,交通噪音也可能对增加的风险以及其他城市污染造成影响,而城市污染往往是在繁忙的道路上出现的.故A项正确;
点评 本文是一个科教类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.
It was mostly my (43)A.Since my junior year of high school,I had (44)Bat being a nurse.I took all the science courses,and even worked as a (45)B in my town's local hospital.My (46)A was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.
Yet,(47)Dgraduation and college neared,it all changed.Treating the sick was(48)B,but not what I was meant to do for the (49)Cof my life.I could picture myself in hospitals,making rounds,and taking (50)C,but I couldn't picture myself happy.It wasn't the (51)A I wanted.
Then,I realized I had been creating and writing stories for as long as I could(52)D.I loved it,and writing was what I had been doing as a(53)B.It was going to be my career.And it had to be.
On August 1st,Mom and I sat down at the dinner table and I told her that she had every (54)Cto choose where to spend her money,just like I had every right to decide where I wanted to go to school.If it was her choice not to(55)Dany of my college education,then I would take a year off to work and earn money so I could go to the college I wanted.
Standing by my decision to be a writer had (56)Dmy firm belief to my mom.Finally we were at (57)A,and she decided to support me,which (58)D the world to me.
Before that time,I had never stood up (59)Bmy parents on any major decision.Choosing which college to attend (60)Cme to become a separate and complete adult.I am now finished with my first semester as a Professional Writing major and I cannot wait to see what comes next.
| 41.A.cooking | B.gardening | C.nursing | D.writing |
| 42.A.medical | B.warm | C.mental | D.silent |
| 43.A.fault | B.success | C.duty | D.turn |
| 44.A.wondered | B.aimed | C.pointed | D.looked |
| 45.A.student | B.volunteer | C.graduate | D.doctor |
| 46.A.goal | B.job | C.task | D.post |
| 47.A.before | B.after | C.until | D.as |
| 48.A.rough | B.great | C.mild | D.easy |
| 49.A.part | B.whole | C.rest | D.half |
| 50.A.notices | B.examinations | C.temperatures | D.drugs |
| 51.A.future | B.effect | C.drill | D.idea |
| 52.A.see | B.wait | C.find | D.remember |
| 53.A.process | B.hobby | C.rule | D.business |
| 54.A.chance | B.time | C.right | D.ability |
| 55.A.expect | B.raise | C.offer | D.finance |
| 56.A.doubted | B.followed | C.shaken | D.proven |
| 57.A.peace | B.war | C.ease | D.play |
| 58.A.attached | B.applied | C.devoted | D.meant |
| 59.A.for | B.against | C.over | D.by |
| 60.A.forced | B.promised | C.allowed | D.reminded |