题目内容
14.Birds can learn to choose the best building materials for their nests,according to scientists.It was previously thought that birds'choice of nest materials was determined by their genes,that is,each type of bird has their own methods of building nests born with them.But an experiment has now shown this to be a more complex activity.This study,published in the Royal Society Journal Proceeding B,involved giving zebra finches (斑胸草雀) a choice of soft and hard string to build the their nests."We found that they liked the harder string,"explained the lead researcher Dr Bailey from the University of St Andrews."It's more efficient for them to build with-they can build a nest with fewer materials."
Dr Bailey and her colleagues were planning to test the learning ability of birds; their test aimed to work out if the birds could learn to tell the difference among the materials based on their quality.To test this,they gave one group of finches flexible,soft string to build with,and another group harder string.Both groups of birds were then offered a choice between the soft and hard string.And the birds that had been made to build their nests with the soft string immediately chose the more rigid building materials.
"There is a great diversity of nests in the natural world,"said Dr Bailey."And because birds are not considered to be as clever as people,who can learn to use different materials quite easily,the assumption had been that there was a genetic pattern in the birds'brains."
"This shows that actually learning is also very important for their decisions."Mike Toms from the British Trust for Ornithology said the research made a lot of sense.
"It may help to explain the variety of materials that may be used by individuals of the same species nesting in the same general area."He told BBC news.
55.What is the purpose of the experiment mentioned in the text?D
A.To make sure finches can use different building materials like people.
B.To find which finch is more skillful in choosing building materials.
C.To test the ability of finches to learn from other birds.
D.To confirm finches'ability to identify building materials by learning.
56.Which is the RIGHT order of the steps in the experiment?A
a.Building materials were offered to the finches.
b.The finches were divided into two groups.
c.The researchers chose some finches.
d.The finches made a choice of the building materials.
A.c,b,a,d
B.c,d,b,a
C.a,c,b,d
D.b,a,d,b
57.What can we learn from the last paragraph?B
A.Birds of the same species choose to build nests in the same area.
B.It's common that the same species birds use different materials.
C.Birds sometimes can not find various building materials.
D.People should help birds build nests if possible.
58.In which column of a newspaper could we find this text?C
A.Garden.
B.Environment.
C.Science.
D.Architecture.
分析 本文主要讲述了鸟在筑巢时会有选择性地使用筑巢材料.
解答 55-58 DABC
55.D 推理判断题.根据第二段第一句中"…to test the learning ability of birds"及"their test aimed to work out if the birds could learn to tell the difference among the materials based on their quality"可知,此试验的目的就在于"确定斑胸草雀是否能突破基因限制而通过后天学习根据线绳(建筑材料)的品质而区分线绳".
56.A 细节理解题.根据第二段可知,实验过程如下:研究找到一些斑胸草雀→把它们分成二组→给第一组提供软线绳做巢;给第二组提供硬线绳→再给它们提供一些硬线绳,结果第一组斑胸草雀立刻放弃使用软线绳而选择使用硬线绳.
57.B 推理判断题.通读全文可知,在同一地区筑巢的同类鸟中的不同个体可以根据自己的需要选择不同的材料筑巢,这自然而然的体现出其筑巢材料的多样性,所以由此研究可知:在筑巢时,虽是同类鸟,但它们却选用不同的材料,所以这种现象是常见的.
58.C 主旨大意题.通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了鸟在筑巢时会有选择性地使用筑巢材料,所以这篇文章应属于自然科学方面的文章.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
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