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It struck me like lightning how difficult it must have been for a woman to get medical training so long ago when women¡¯s education was always placed ________ to men¡¯s£®

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A£®

better

B£®

worse

C£®

second

D£®

first

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Around twenty years ago I was living in Seattle and going through hard times. I could not find   36  work and I found this especially difficult as I had a lot of experience and a Master¡¯s degree.

To my   37   I was driving a school bus to   38   my family. I had been through five   39   with a company and one day they   40   to say I did not get the job. I went to the bus barn, feeling   41  .

Later that afternoon,   42   doing my rounds through a quiet suburban neighborhood I had an inner wave   43   from deep inside me and I thought ¡°Why has my   44   become so hard?¡± ¡°Give me a sign, I asked, a physical sign, not some inner   45   type of thing.¡±

Immediately after this internal£¨ÄÚÐĵģ© scream I   46   the bus over to drop off a little girl and as she   47   she handed me an earring saying I should keep it   48   somebody looked for it. The   49   was stamped metal, painted black and said ¡°BE HAPPY¡±. Then it struck me. I had been putting all of my   50   into what was wrong with my life   51   than what was right! 

One night there was a phone call for me from the   52   at a large hospital. She asked me whether I   53   do a report for 200 hospital workers. I said   54   and got the job.

My day with the hospital workers   55   very well. I got a great welcome and many more days of work. To this day I KNOW that it was because I changed my attitude to gratitude.

A. satisfying      B. probable       particular       D. considerate

 A. joy                    B. luck               shame             D. surprise

 A. meet                  B. supply           C. provide               D. support

 A. meetings            B. interviews      conferences         D. reports

 A. came                 B. hoped            called                 D. expected

 A. excited               B. worried          disappointed              D. frightened

 A. though               B. while             unless                 D. until

 A. rise                    B. shout             raise                   D. cry

  A. work                 B. situation         life                 D. position

A. sound                B. voice             noise                  D. thought

A. pulled                B. carried                  brought                     D. held

A. took off             B. put off                  gave off             D. got off

A. as long as           B. now that         in case                D. as soon as

A. earring               B. watch             necklace             D. bag

A. money               B. ideas              energies              D. strength

A. rather                B. other              more                  D. less

A. nurse                 B. work              patient                D. manager

A. should               B. would            must                  D. ought

A. no                            B. hello              yes                     D. nothing

A. went                  B. looked                  seemed               D. appeared

Some animals apparently can resist cancer by strengthening their immune nervous system in preparation for winter£¬John Hopkins researchers said on Wednesday.

The scientists said their study was the first to show that the central nervous system£¬reacting to environmental changes£¬may spark changes in the body¡¯s immune system(ÃâÒßϵͳ) that control the growth of tumors.They said if that was the case£¬a better understanding of how the process works eventually could lead to new cancer treatments.

Dr.Randy Nelson£¬an associate professor of psychology at Hopkins£¬stressed at a meeting of the Society of Neuroscience that further study would be needed to confirm a connection between the length of the day£¬the animals¡¯ immune system and cancer.More work also would be needed to show that the findings could be applied to human cancer.

Dr.Faye Austin£¬an immunologist with the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda£¬said£¬¡°It¡¯s a very intriguing observation that the length of exposure to light can affect the growth of a tumor.But I think that the draws really need further work to clarify the mechanics.¡±

But Austin said the findings were surprising and important£¬only because they open up a new approach for research.

Studies showed that stress weakened the immune system in animals.They figured that because winter is stressful£¬the season probably causes exertion (Ó°Ïì) on the immune system.

The researchers reasoned that animals that compensated by boosting (´Ù½ø) their immune systems as winter approached would have a better chance of surviving and producing offspring.

¡°In the same way that animals have evolved to select the best time to breed£¬it struck me that animals ought to be able to predict when conditions would be challenging immunologically.¡±Nelson said.

1£®Dr.Nelson has drawn a conclusion that ________.

A£®there is a relation between the length of the day£¬the animal¡¯s immune system and cancer

B£®the findings of animals¡¯ resistance to cancer can be applied to human cancer treatments

C£®the length of exposure to light can affect the growth of a tumor

D£®there is a new approach for studying the function of central nervous system in the body¡¯s immune system

2£®Which season can strengthen the immune system in animals?

A£®Spring. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ B£®Summer.¡¡¡¡¡¡ C£®Autumn.¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡D£®Winter.

3£®On which of the following subjects can essays be presented at the meeting of the Society of Neuroscience?

A£®The nervous system.

B£®The treatment of cancer.

C£®The ability to produce offspring.

D£®The control of the growth of tumors.

 

It struck me like a blow when I saw his ___________ on the legal document which sold our house to another family.

A£®identificationsB£®initials
C£®recognitionsD£®characteristics


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I was in a crowded local in Mumbai. I was lucky to find a seat as I had got in at the first station. Soon, the seats were all  21  ,and most people had to stand.
In the middle of all this, I saw a girl about 10 years old. It was   22  that she was used to the crowd and the pushing, because she would silently change  23  to be just a little bit more comfortable. I felt a little sad sitting there  24  her standing nearby.
It struck me that this is the time to  25  an act of kindness. However, I had to overcome some internal barriers before I   26  an act of kindness. ¡°World I look foolish trying to help her?¡± I wondered. Them I thought. ¡°Maybe this sort of thing is quite common, and   27  would think the worse of me if I did not do anything.¡± I felt a little shy just  28  . But I told myself ¡°Well,   29  you think about it, go the whole way.¡± So I asked her if she wanted to sit on my   30  for the rest of the train ride.  31  I was a little hesitant while offering it to her, the surprised and  32  look on her face was enough to   33  all my doubts. And then, I began to think¡ª¡°Why hadn¡¯t I offered it to her even  34  ?¡± ¡°What was stopping me?¡± A complete about-face came from my previous thoughts.
35  , the gift of gratitude she had given me was far more that the ¡®scat¡¯ I had offered her! It was  36  to say who was doing the giving. She was so considerate as she sat at the sat at the very edge of my knee,   37  half her weight so as not to make my legs hurt. I told her that she could sit comfortably, and I wouldn¡¯t   38  . I got one more pure expression of   39  ! And luckily, I was in the window seat, so the little grill had fun  40  the sights form the window! This simple give and take made the day beautiful!
21£®A£®kept             B£®put          C£®given         D£®taken
22£®A£®obvious           B£®convenient       C£®consequent       D£®efficient
23£®A£®condition         B£®occasion      C£®position       D£®situation
24£®A£®for               B£®about         C£®beyond        D£®situation
25£®A£®practise           B£®play         C£®hold         D£®manage
26£®A£®might              B£®should         C£®could         D£®would
27£®A£®anybody          B£®somebody     C£®everybody     D£®nobody
28£®A£®passing by              B£®giving out     C£®keeping off      D£®nobody
29£®A£®once             B£®even if         C£®in case         D£®unless
30£®A£®bag              B£®seat          C£®lap           D£®top
31£®A£®Because           B£®Though        C£®So            D£®But
32£®A£®frightened         B£®amused        C£®embarrassed     D£®delighted
33£®A£®increase           B£®sweep          C£®digest          D£®submit
34£®A£®better                  B£®faster         C£®earlier         D£®later
35£®A£®To some degree       B£®By chance     C£®In other words  D£®As usual
36£®A£®difficult           B£®strange        C£®generous      D£®easy
37£®A£®depending         B£®supporting          C£®concentrating   D£®transforming
38£®A£®advance           B£®agree         C£®mind         D£®fear
39£®A£®carefulness          B£®gratitude      C£®happiness     D£®kindness
40£®A£®keeping up          B£®putting up     C£®giving off     D£®taking in

Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.

I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe¡¯s Uncle Tom¡¯s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.

Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain¡¯s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain¡¯s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel ¡°trash and suitable only for the slums (ƶÃñ¿ß).¡± More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it.)

But the attacks were and are silly¡ªand miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim¡¯s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction¡ªa recognition that the slave had two personalities, ¡°the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.¡±

There is much more. Twain¡¯s mystery novel Pudd¡¯nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (µÍµÈµÄ) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain¡¯s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master¡¯s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master¡¯s baby by his wife. The slave¡¯s lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master¡¯s wife¡¯s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.

The point was difficult to miss: nurture (ÑøÓý), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice¡ªmanner of speech, for example¡ª were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.

Twain¡¯s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (×Ô´«) about how much he loved what were called ¡°nigger shows¡± in his youth¡ªmostly with white men performing in black-face¡ªand his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.

Was Twain a racist? Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the ¡°wisdom¡± of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.

1. How do Twain¡¯s novels on slavery differ from Stowe¡¯s?

A£®Twain was more willing to deal with racism.

B£®Twain¡¯s attack on racism was much less open.

C£®Twain¡¯s themes seemed to agree with plots.

D£®Twain was openly concerned with racism.

2.Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its ______.

A£®target readers at the bottom

B£®anti-slavery attitude

C£®rather impolite language

D£®frequent use of ¡°nigger¡±

3.What best proves Twain¡¯s anti-slavery stand according to the author?

A£®Jim¡¯s search for his family was described in detail.

B£®The slave¡¯s voice was first heard in American novels.

C£®Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.

D£®Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.

4.The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ______.

A£®slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters

B£®slaves¡¯ babies could pick up slave-holders¡¯ way of speaking

C£®blacks¡¯ social position was shaped by how they were brought up

D£®blacks were born with certain features of prejudice

5.What does the underlined word ¡°they¡± in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A£®The attacks.                            B£®Slavery and prejudice.

C£®White men.                            D£®The shows.

6.What does the author mainly argue for?

A£®Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.

B£®Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.

C£®Twain¡¯s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.

D£®Twain¡¯s works should be read from a historical point of view.

 

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