题目内容

　　Scientists in the United States are trying to breed a tree that will be ideal for city life． They say that in many cities the air is so filled with poisons that the plain, old-fashioned tree is doomed to disappear like the dodo．

　　The ideal city tree must have shallow roots． Roots that go down too far get in the way of underground pipes． It must have fairly short branches． Branches that reach too high interfere

with overhead lines． The custom-made tree must not drop messy fruit on people's heads, either．

　　But most important, the ideal tree for the city must be tough． It must be so tough that insects can't harm it． It must resist disease． And it must be able to withstand the effects of the pollution in the air．

1 ．According to the story, a new type of tree is needed in many_______．

A．farming areas B． cities C． deserts D． forests

2．Some scientists say old-fashioned city trees are like dodos because they_____．

A．look very plain　　 B． will soon die out

C．need too much water D． can resist poisons

3．The writer says that the ideal city tree would not_______．

A．damage property　　 B． need water　　 C． drop leaves　　D． Both A and B

4．Compared with many old-fashioned trees, the new trees would be_______．

A． prettier B． greener C． smaller D． weaker

5． Ideal city trees would probably bear________．

A．prickly fruit B． messy fruit　　C． heavy fruit D． no fruit

6．The last paragraph tells______．

A．why the ideal tree must be tough B．how scientists make trees tough

C．when the ideal tree will be ready D．what a tough tree looks like

7．Scientists might never have started developing ideal city trees if______．

A．the air hadn't become so polluted B．water had been easier to supply

C．fruit hadn't been in demand　　　　D．birds hadn't left the cities

答案：B;B;A;C;D;A;A
解析：

because they

的选项是B． will soon die out？它来自原文第一段的They say that in many cities the air is so filled with poisons that the plain, old-fashioned tree is doomed to disappear like the dodo．其中r like the dodo是固定谚语，清查阅英英辞典。如：OXFORD ADVANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY（1989-1994）p． 636。


提示：

　　话题：有关“城市专用树木的研究”的科普语篇阅读技巧。重点：细节捕捉、探究成语含义及其来源。


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阅读理解

　　What do you know about the sea? You may have seen it. Some of us have swum or bathed in it. It looks beautiful on a fine sunny day and it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it? Of course, the sea is very large. In the world there is more sea than land. The sea covers three quarters of the earth. The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere, some parts of it are very great. At one spot, near Japan the sea is nearly 11 kilometres deep! Just think of it, the highest mountain in the world is only about 9 kilometres high! If you have swum in the sea, you know that the water is salty. Rivers carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are more salty than other parts. Do you know the Dead Sea in Arabia? It is very salty. Swimmers cannot sink in it! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea. It is a strange sea. In most parts of the sea, there are a lot of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. No sunlight can reach the depth of the sea. So it is completely dark. Strange fishes live there. Some are blind. Some have their own lights. Some have great jaws. With their great jaws, they swallow fish larger than themselves. The sea can be very cold. Deep sea divers know this well. At the top the water may be warm. They as the divers go down, the sea becomes colder and colder.

　　Many scientists are now making a study of animal and plant life in the sea. They hope to find new resources for mankind.

1．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Land covers one fourth of the area of the earth.

B．The depths of the sea are different in different places.

C．The depth of a sea at one spot near Japan is nearly the height of the highest mountain.

D．The salt in the sea mainly comes from the land.

2．The Dead Sea is lifeless because ________.

[　　]

A．the water in it is too cold

B．the water in it is too salty for anything to grow

C．the water in it never flows

D．no sunlight can reach the bottom of the lake

3．We can see the underlined word rough in this passage means ________.

[　　]

A．ugly
B．noisy
C．cold
D．not calm

4．What does the writer intend to tell us in the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．The necessity(必要性)of the study of the sea.

B．The purpose of man's further study of the sea.

C．Man's limited knowledge of the sea.

D．The importance of new resources for man.

阅读理解

　　As people continue to grow and age, our body systems(系统)continue to change．At a certain point in your life your body system will begin to weaken．Your strength may become weaker．It may become more difficult for you to see and hear．The slow change of aging causes our bodies to lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury．In order to live longer, we have always tried to slow or stop this change that leads us toward the end of our lives．

　　Many factors(因素)decide your health．A good diet plays an important role．The amount and type of exercise you get is another factor．Your living condition is yet another．But scientists studying aging problem want to know：Why do people grow old?They hope that by studying the aging medical science they may be able to make the length of life longer．

　　There is nothing to be afraid of as old age comes．Many consider the later part of life to be the best time for living．Physical activity may become less, but often you get better understanding of yourself and the world．

　　What we consider old age now may only be middle-aged some day soon．Who knows, with so many advances in medical science happening so quickly, life length may one day be measured in centuries, rather than in years!

(1)

When people become aging, they will lose some of their ability to bounce back from dis ease and injury, “bounce back”here means ________．

[　　]

A．

to escape from disease and injury

B．

to improve one's health after one's disease and injury

C．

to jump backward

D．

to run fast

(2)

In order to live longer ________．

[　　]

A．

we have to try to improve our food

B．

we should try to do more exercise

C．

we should slow down the change of aging

D．

we should keep in high spirits

(3)

Many consider the later part of life to be the best time of living because ________．

[　　]

A．

they consider their life has been a successful one

B．

they have come through the battle of life safely

C．

they have less misunderstanding of themselves and the outside world

D．

they have nothing to do all day long only to watch their grandchildren growing up around them

(4)

It may be inferred from the passage that our life length may become ________．

[　　]

A．

longer

B．

shorter

C．

no change

D．

the passage didn't mention

阅读理解

　　In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide allows the sun’s rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping．According to a weather expert’s prediction, the atmosphere will be warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate．If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities．Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere．

　　In the past, concern about a man－made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet．But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels．Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing．The evidence suggests that a warming has taken place．This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth．

　　However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern part of the earth, where temperatures seem to be falling．Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man．The question is：Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?

　　One possibility is the behavior of the sun．Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots, that is, the relatively less hot spots, on the sun．This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循环)．The sun is also variable(可变的)over a long term．Its heat output(输出)goes up and down in cycles．The latest trend being downward is on the way．But that is only a imagination．

(1)

The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _________．

[　　]

A．

prevent the sun’s rays from reaching the earth’s surface

B．

mean a warming up in the Arctic

C．

account for great changes in the climate

D．

raise the temperature of the earth’s surface

(2)

The article was written to explain _________．

[　　]

A．

the greenhouse effect

B．

the solar effects on the earth

C．

the solar weather

D．

the causes affecting weather

(3)

Although the fuel is greater in the northern part, temperatures there seem to be falling．This is _________．

[　　]

A．

mainly because the carbon dioxide is rising

B．

possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting

C．

due to the effect of the earth’s climate

D．

partly due to the activity of the sun

(4)

What does the underlined word exceeded mean?

[　　]

A．

To be the same as．

B．

To be slower than．

C．

To be better than．

D．

To be bigger than．


（C）
Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career，including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound（为地球引力所束缚的）experience in the summer of 1980 when he participated in the NASA ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss， then a science teacher at West Poin，was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center's propulsion（推进） lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump seal （液压燃料泵的密封圈）on the space shuttle（航天飞机） was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them.
“I worked a bit with NASA engineers，” says Voss， “but I did it mostly by an analysis. I used a handheld calculator， not a computer， to do a thermodynamic（热力学的） analysis.” At the end of the summer，he，like the other NASA ASEE fellows working at Marshall，summarized his findings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of  NASA，deepened his desire to fly in space，and intensified his application for astronaut status.
　　It was not an easy process. Voss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly，and was finally accepted in 1987. Since then he has participated in three space missions. The 50 year old Army officer，who lives in Houston，is now in training for a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000.
　Voss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. “It brings in people from the academic world and gives NASA a special property for a particular period of time. It brings some fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA，and establishes a link with our colleges and universities，” Voss explains. “There's an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important.”
For the academic side，Voss says，the ASEE program also “brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real world problems and take it back to the classroom.”
66. Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle？
A） Because previous seals all failed.
B） Because it was very complex in running the space program.
C） Because great care has to be taken of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing.
D） Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts.
67.The great significance of Voss's findings lies in_________ .
A） strengthening his determination to join in space flights
B） furthering his understanding of NASA
C） consolidating his astronaut status in NASA programs
D） Both A and B
68. How many flights will Voss have finished if his four-month mission starting in July 2000 ends up successfully？
A） Three  B） Two   C） Four     D） Five
69. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to what Voss said on the ASEE program？
A） Fresh members from the academic world participate in the program.
B） The program brings new outlooks to NASA space programs.
C） It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives.
D） American colleges and universities are a special property of NASA.
70. What does Voss want to stress in the last paragraph？
A） The technological significance of the program.
B） The educational significance of the program.
C） The philosophical significance of the program.
D） The historical significance of the program.

D

　　In the atmosphere,carbon dioxide actd rather like a one-way mirror or the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun's rays to enter but prevents the heat from excaping.

　　According to a weather expert's prediction,the atmosphere will be 3 warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn luels at the present rate. If this warming up took place,the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt,thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities.Also，the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere(半球),psooicbly resulting in an alteration of earth's chief food growing zones.

　　In the past,concern about a man - made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet.But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic,which may be affected by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from on burning of fuels.

　　Satellite pictures showthat large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing.The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place.This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.

　　However,most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere,where temperatures seem to be falling.Scientists conclude,therefore,that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man.The question is:Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?

　　One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun.Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and cold spots(that is,the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates(旋转),every 27.5 days,it presents hotter or colder faces to the earth,and different aspects to different parts of the earth.This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth's atmospheric pressure,and consequently on wind circulation.The sun is also variable over a long term:its heat output goes up and down in cycles,the latest trend being downward.

　　Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models of solar weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years ,including the last Ice Age.The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not.

　　One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia(不活动，惰性) of the earth's climate.If this is right,the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter balance to the sun's diminishing heat.

　　68.It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ___.

　　　A.mean a warming - up im the Arctic

　　　B.raise the temperature of the earth's surface

　　　C.prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface

　　　D.account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemiphere

　　69.Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere,temperatures there seem to be falling.This is _______.

　　　A.mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising

　　　B.partly due to variations in the output of solar energy

　　　C.possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting

　　　D.exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth's climate

　　70.On the basis of their models,scientists are of the opinion that ________.

　　　A.the climate of the world should be becoming cooler

　　　B.the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect

　　　C.the man - made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects

　　　D.it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth's climate to take effect

 

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