题目内容

The word hug is of uncertain origin. The Oxford English Dictionary cautions against confusing it with hugge—another word of the Middle English ug, meaning “to inspire with fear or disgust”. Nevertheless, I find myself drawn to the possibility that hug does, in fact, have some connection with ug. It seems to me that at the thought of a tight embrace(拥抱), fear and disgust do come to mind.

So why is it that when I go over to your house for dinner, you wrap your arms around me, even though I saw you last Friday at the movies? One arm or two? Should there be space between us? Should I brush my cheek against yours? Maybe even kiss your cheek?

I’m willing to believe that some people really love to hug. They rush to enfold not only family and friends but also friends of friends and near strangers. They delight in applying pressure and rocking from side to side. Yet most people are just going through the motions; they’re looking for a way to say hello or goodbye. Not wanting to seem rude, I open my arms, too, submitting to the ceremony of friendship.

After one particularly confusing interaction, I looked for advice from experts. Emily Yoffe, an advice columnist, offered her sympathy: “I’m with you on this, but I’ve become a non-hugger who hugs. Recently after breakfast with a new friend, I went in to hug her goodbye, and I could see a kind of horror in her eyes, but it was too late to back off.” That’s me: The girl with the look of horror in her eyes.

The Emily Post Institute, which specializes in manners, explains that when greeting someone, you should look him or her in the eyes and smile, speak clearly, add a “glad to see you” and then shake hands with a firm grip, pump two or three times, and then release. The institute suggests adding a hug “if it’s a relative or close friend.” Nor any specific information on what a proper hug entails.

There are several hug alternatives, among them: the handshake, the cheek kiss, the wave, the arm squeeze, and the nod. Handshakes seem formal, cheek kisses un-American. Arm squeezing would be a good solution if it were not for the danger of getting pulled into something more full-bodied. The nod, though, can be very effective when combined with a smile, especially when executed with confidence and with one hand already grasping the door handle.

67. What do the first two paragraphs indicate about “hug”?

A. The word causes common disfavor. 　 B. The behavior appears disgusting.

C. The action is somewhat confusing.　 D. The manner is unsuitable for friends.

68. About the way of embrace, the experts ______.

A. have a standard concept　　　　　　 B. feel embarrassed and uneasy

C. advise people to use other ways　　　 D. fail to give an explicit definition

69. What’s the author’s attitude towards hug?

A. Cautious. 　　　　　 B. Hesitant.　 　　　 C. Puzzled.　　 　　 D. Opposed.

70. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Specialized opinions on daily manners. 　 B. In-depth research into hug.

C. Appropriateness of daily manners.　　 D. Important reform of greeting manners.

CDDC

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Girls can easily get sad. If your friend is feeling blue and calls you, what will you do? Here are some tips on how you can make her smile again.
Listen to her. When people feel sad, they often have the feeling of needing to be heard. So, listen carefully to what she is saying and do nothing else. Your friend will surely thank you for being the shoulder she can cry on.
Once you are done with listening, you can offer some advice or remain silent and let her feel everything and let it all out by crying. As a friend, you might think you should give her some advice. But if you have no idea about what to say, just remain silent and be there for her.
In order to be able to help your friend in need, don’t be sad for yourself. How can you help your friend when you are also feeling down?
A hug can make a difference in the word. It makes you feel warm and special. A hug makes you feel safe. So give your friend a hug when she needs it the most.
Spend more time with your friend who wants to be happy. Do things together like washing dishes, cleaning, or going out for fun. The more time you spend together, the stronger your friendship will become.
Sometimes, it is much better that you avoid a crying friend in your life. But by doing so, you are also keeping your friend at a distance and will make her wonder if you are her true friend. If you are there when she needs you, your friendship will be much stronger.
【小题1】The writer wrote this passage mainly to tell us_______.

A．why girls can easily get sad.
B．what to do when we are sad.
C．how to make new friends with girls.
D．how to make a sad female friend happy again.
【小题2】According to Paragraph 2, when a female friend is sad, what should we do?
A．We should ask her why she feels sad.
B．We should say something nice to her.
C．We should spend time listening to her.
D．We should give her some good advice.
【小题3】We can learn from the passage that______.
E.       Hugging a sad friend can make you feel warm and special.
F.       Your sad friend may feel much better if you also sad.
G.      It’s not a good idea to be silent facing a sad friend.
H.      Giving a hug to a sad friend is very helpful.
【小题4】In paragraph 6, the writer mainly suggests that we_____.
I.         spend more time with your friend.
J.        help our friends with their housework
K.      spend time with our friends everyday
L.       ask our friends to take part in activities

Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.

I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.

Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums (贫民窟).” More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it.)

But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”

There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.

The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example— were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.

Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.

Was Twain a racist? Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.

1. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s?

A．Twain was more willing to deal with racism.

B．Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.

C．Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.

D．Twain was openly concerned with racism.

2.Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its ______.

A．target readers at the bottom

B．anti-slavery attitude

C．rather impolite language

D．frequent use of “nigger”

3.What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author?

A．Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.

B．The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.

C．Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.

D．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.

4.The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ______.

A．slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters

B．slaves’ babies could pick up slave-holders’ way of speaking

C．blacks’ social position was shaped by how they were brought up

D．blacks were born with certain features of prejudice

5.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A．The attacks.                            B．Slavery and prejudice.

C．White men.                            D．The shows.

6.What does the author mainly argue for?

A．Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.

B．Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.

C．Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.

D．Twain’s works should be read from a historical point of view.

 

第二节：单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）（注意单词的正确形式）

81. One snowy night, all the streets were_____________(空无一人)

82. I’ve tried but I can’t h _________the problem by myself.

83.He’s alive as his heart is still b___________..

84. The weather in this country d_________（不同于）from place to place.

85. The two words “vocation” and “vacation” often c___________（使困惑）me.

86. How is the word “mutton”____________________(发音)

87. The new factory is expected to c___________ more chances for people to be employed.

88.It’s a pity that numbers of people lack the sense of protecting the r ____of the Great Wall.

89.It’s good to be back in ______ (文明)after living in a tent in the remote area for two weeks.

90.New York is a big c_________ city..

 

College libraries are designed primarily for research and study．To explain its use, let us choose a research topic and follow the step-by-step procedure of looking up the material for the paper．

         Suppose your assignment is to write a paper on a novel called “The Sun Also Rises” by American writer Hemingway．The first step is to go to the main catalog．Many small drawers on the large wooden cabinets are lined up in alphabetical（字母的） order．Each of the drawers contains hundreds of alphabetical ordered cards．These cards are printed references to all material available in the library．Title cards are cataloged （为…编目录 ） by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”．And then you get the cards for the books you need．On the upper left corner of each card is the call number．This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library．The library has open and closed stacks．If your book is on the open stacks, you can go to the open-stack room, and according to the call number find it out by yourself．There are only about 30,000 books on open stacks, while most of the 800,000 books in our library are kept in closed stacks, which are accessible only to teachers and graduate students．

        For undergraduates like you, borrowing books from the closed stacks have to be done with the help of our librarian．In that case, you must fill out a call slip（纸条） for the book, showing the call number, author and title．You can get call slips on tables near the catalog cabinets．You show your call slip together with your library card to a librarian at the information desk．He or she will help you find the book out in the closed stacks．

1.What is the main purpose of this text?

         A．To present readers a brief introduction to a college library．

         B．To guide readers how to find books needed in a college library．

         C．To tell readers how to fill out a call slip in a college library．

         D．To show readers where to find books in a college library．

2.What letter you should look for on the title card for the book “The Old Man and the Sea” by the Hemingway?

         A．The letter “t”．         B．The letter “h”．       C．The letter “s”．         D．The letter “o”．

3.How are books arranged and shelved in the library?

         A．By call numbers．     B．By call slips of authors’ names．

         C．In alphabetical order．     D．By the first word of book title．

4.Suppose you are an undergraduate and you want to borrow a book from the closed stacks, which is the correct order to do it?

a．go to the main catalog                b．show your call slip and library card

c．find out the call number     d．fill out a call slip

e．get the cards for the books

         A．a-b-e-d-c             B．a-e-c-d-b

         C．b-a-c-d-e             D．b-c-a-e-d

 

My grandparents were married for over half a century, and played their own special game from the time they met each other. The goal of their game was to write the word “shmily” in a surprise place for the other to find.

“Shmily” was written in the steam left on the mirror after a hot shower, where it would reappear bath after bath. At one point, my grandmother even opened an entire roll of toilet paper to leave “shmily” on the very last sheet. Little notes with “shmily” scribbled (潦草地写) hurriedly were found on dashboards (仪表板) and car seats, or taped to steering wheels.

It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate my grandparents’ game. Skepticism (怀疑态度) had kept me from believing in true love — one that is pure and lasting. However, I never doubted my grandparents’ relationship. They had love down pat. It was more than their flirtatious (爱调戏的) little games; it was a way of life. Their relationship was based on devotion and passionate love.

Grandma and Grandpa held hands every chance they could. They stole kisses as they bumped into each other in their tiny kitchen. They finished each other’s sentences and shared the daily crossword puzzle and word jumble. My grandma whispered to me about how cute my grandpa was, how handsome and old he had grown to be. She claimed that she really knew “how to pick ‘em.”

But there came a dark cloud into my grandparents’ life: when my grandmother got breast cancer. Gradually it took over the whole of her body. One day, what we all dreaded finally happened. Grandma was gone.

“Shmily.” It was scrawled in yellow on the pink ribbons of my grandmother’s funeral bouquet (花束). The family came forward and gathered around Grandma one last time. Grandpa stepped up to my grandmother’s casket (棺) and, taking a shaky breath, he began to sing to her. Through his tears and sadness, the song came, a deep and throaty lullaby (催眠曲,). Shaking with my own sorrow, I would never forget that moment.

S-h-m-i-l-y: See How Much I Love You.

1.The point of the article is to ________.

A. give advice on how to keep love fresh  

B. explain to readers the meaning of “shmily”

C. show the true love between the writer’s grandparents

D. express how much the writer loved her grandparents

2.What is the function of the second paragraph?

A. To support the first paragraph.                  B. To introduce the next paragraph.

C. To give the main idea of the article.     D. To make the article more interesting.

3.The author’s grandmother ________.

A. used to kiss her grandfather in secret

B. died from breast cancer, which spread all over

C. played crossword puzzle daily with her grandfather

D. considered her grandfather old and careless

4.What is the author’s attitude toward her grandparents’ love?

A. She doubts whether it was true love.

B. She finds their way of expressing love strange.

C. She admires their romantic and passionate love.

D. She thinks she will never be able to love like that.

 

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