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The National Gallery

Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London．It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh．The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance

Layout：

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling．

　　The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese．

　　The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer．

　　The East Wing houses 18th- to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh．

Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm(Fridays 10am to 9pm)and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions．

Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2-minute walk), Leicester Square(3-minute walk), Embankment(7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8-minute walk)．

(1)

In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

[　　]

A．

The 13th．

B．

The 17th．

C．

The 18th．

D．

The 20th．

(2)

Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

[　　]

A．

In the East Wing．

B．

In the main West Wing．

C．

In the Sainsbury Wing．

D．

In the North Wing．

(3)

Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

[　　]

A．

Piccadilly Circus．

B．

Leicester Square．

C．

Embankment．

D．

Charing Cross．

答案：1．A;2．B;3．D;
解析：

(1)

根据文章第一段“它藏有从13世纪宗教美术作品到雷诺瓦和梵高的现代作品2300多份的各种各样的藏品”，可以断定宗教美术作品是13世纪的，故选A。

(2)

根据文章第三段话“主要的西翼藏有16世纪的美术作品以及包括达芬奇等在内的艺术家的作品”可知B项正确。

(3)

根据文章最后一段Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2-minutes walk), Leiseter Square(3-minutes walk), Embankmen(7-minutes walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8-minutes walk)所给的时间长度，可以判断Charing Cross是最近的，故选D。


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THE WORLD'S NEW FACES

    It will come as no surprise that the earth is going to be a much more crowded place in the next century. From global population of about 5.4 billion today, the United Nations Fund for Population Activities says we'll see a rise to 8.2 billion people in 2025. The U. N. expects total population to stabilize (稳定) at 11.6 billion sometime later in the 2000s. More than ninety percent of the population growth will occur in developing countries. Eighteen of the world's twenty largest cities will be in these lands as the number of urban dwellers (居民) swells (膨胀) from roughly two billion to 5.1 billion. The United States and Europe, which accounted for twenty-two percent of the world's population, will be home to less than nine percent of its people in 2025. By contrast (对照), Africa's share of the total will climb from nine percent in 1950 to nearly twenty percent by 2015. Ethiopia should double in size to almost 100 million people. In about the same time period, India will overtake China as the world's most-populous country.

　　 For the United States, the big news won't be an abundance (丰富，充裕) of new faces; experts predict (预言) the country will grow from its present 250 million population and stabilize at about 350 million sometime before the middle of the next century. The important changes will be in American ethnic (种族的) make-up. Twenty years from now, the United States' white, non-Hispanic (西班牙的) majority will peak (到达最高点) at 195 million, and then may decline in numbers. Asian-Americans will become an increasingly important minority, while African-Americans whose population growth rate is slowing dramatically will become the second largest minority behind Hispanics, a half-million of whom are now thought to be emigrating to the United States legally and otherwise, each year.

1.This article is primarily about ________

A. population growth in developing countries

B. population growth in developed countries

C. the reason why the world's population is changing

D. how the population is changing in different parts of the world

2. Which statement can be inferred from the first paragraph of this article?

A. China is the most populous country in the world today.

B. India is the most populous country in the world today.

C. Ethiopia will be the most populous country in the future.

D. In the future, China's population will grow faster than India's.

3. According to the article, how is the population of the United States going to change?

A. African-Americans will become the largest minority.

B. There will be more people from different ethnic background.

C. The number of white non-Hispanics will increase rapidly.

D. Asian-Americans will become the second largest minority.

4. The underlined word "overtake" in the second paragraph means_______

A. take the place of　　　　　　　　 B. pass by

C. catch up　　　　　　　　　　    D. take

5. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The population of the American whites will peak all the time.

B. The population of the American whites will decline all the time.

C. The population of the American whites will peak and then decline.

D. The population of the American whites will decline and then peak.

 
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The Pentagon

五角大楼

    美国号称世界头号军事大国，其武力干涉几乎渗透到全球，有人开玩笑说：“只要五角大楼打个喷嚏，整个地球都会震动。”五角大楼是什么? 让我们揭开它神秘的面纱，好好地认识一下这座建筑的运作职能吧。

    The Pentagon，or the headquarters of the US Department of Defense，is one of the largest office buildings in the world，taking up a total land of 583 acres．The five-sided structure itself occupies an area of 29 acres．Each of its five outside wails is 921 feet long．It has three times the floor space as the Empire State Building or half again as much space as either of the New York's World Trade Center towers．

    Working inside this huge building are over 25 000 employees，one half of them being civilians and the other half members of the U．S． armed forces．During the last year of the Second World War there were 37 000 people，both military and civilian，working inside the Pentagon．In the Korean and Vietnam War periods，31 000．The employees are scattered among hundreds of offices that occupy a floor space of 3705793 square feet．

While inside the building they tell time by 4 200 clocks，drink from 685 water fountains，utilize 280 rest rooms，consume 30 000 cups of coffee，6 000 tins of milk and 5 000 bottles of soft drinks of various kinds every day，with a total staff of 600 persons preparing and serving food and drinks to the Pentagon employees，daily．

    Notes

    Pentagon n．五边形；五角大楼　　  civilian n．平民

    military n．军人　　　　　　　　  scatter v．分散

    utilize v．利用；应用　　　　　　 consume v期待的

complacent  adj. 自满的　　　　　　　 idly  adv. 无效地；懒洋洋地

stout  n. 烈性黑啤酒　　　　　　　　  gratuity  n.　小费

egalitarian   n.　＆ adj. 平等；平均主义（的）

Which statement is true?

A. The British bar staffs dislike people who make up their minds immediately.

B. They like people who can wait in line.

C. They hope people who want to have another drink ring the bell hanging behind the counter.

D. If you offer them a drink to express your tips, they will feel happy.

 

Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>．消耗

    Comprehension question

The building is called “the Pentagon ”because________．

A．it is the largest building in the world

B．it lies in the U．S．A．

C．it has five sides

  D．it is a secret place

 

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The Pentagon

五角大楼

    美国号称世界头号军事大国，其武力干涉几乎渗透到全球，有人开玩笑说：“只要五角大楼打个喷嚏，整个地球都会震动。”五角大楼是什么? 让我们揭开它神秘的面纱，好好地认识一下这座建筑的运作职能吧。

    The Pentagon，or the headquarters of the US Department of Defense，is one of the largest office buildings in the world，taking up a total land of 583 acres．The five-sided structure itself occupies an area of 29 acres．Each of its five outside wails is 921 feet long．It has three times the floor space as the Empire State Building or half again as much space as either of the New York's World Trade Center towers．

    Working inside this huge building are over 25 000 employees，one half of them being civilians and the other half members of the U．S． armed forces．During the last year of the Second World War there were 37 000 people，both military and civilian，working inside the Pentagon．In the Korean and Vietnam War periods，31 000．The employees are scattered among hundreds of offices that occupy a floor space of 3705793 square feet．

While inside the building they tell time by 4 200 clocks，drink from 685 water fountains，utilize 280 rest rooms，consume 30 000 cups of coffee，6 000 tins of milk and 5 000 bottles of soft drinks of various kinds every day，with a total staff of 600 persons preparing and serving food and drinks to the Pentagon employees，daily．

    Notes

    Pentagon n．五边形；五角大楼　　  civilian n．平民

    military n．军人　　　　　　　　  scatter v．分散

    utilize v．利用；应用　　　　　　 consume v．消耗

    Comprehension question

The building is called “the Pentagon ”because________．

A．it is the largest building in the world

B．it lies in the U．S．A．

C．it has five sides

  D．it is a secret place

 
阅读理解

The Sleeping City

沉睡的城市

    由地下岩浆喷出地面而堆积的山叫火山。经常喷发的叫做活火山；喷发后不再喷发的叫死火山。2 000多年以前，意大利Pompeii市附近一座沉睡了几百年的“死”火山突然喷发，整座城市笼罩在恐怖之中。要知 Pompeii市的命运如何，请看下文。

    Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii，Italy．They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for such as its stadium and theatres，its shops and restaurants．The tourists do not，however，see Pompeii’s people．They do not see them because Pompeii has no people．No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2 000 years．

    Once，Pompeii was a busy city of 22 000 people．It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano．Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries，so the people of Pompeii felt safe．But they were not．

    In August of A．D 79，Mount Vesuvius erupted．The entire top of the mountain exploded，and a huge black cloud rose into the air．Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii．When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes．Almost all of its people were dead．

    For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stones and ashes. Then, in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii．Slowly，carefully，Ginseppe and his men dug．The city looked almost the same as it had looked in A．D．79．There were streets and fountains，houses and shops．There was a stadium with 20 000 seats．Perhaps the most important of all，there were everyday objects，which tell us a great deal about the people who 1ived in Pompeii．Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom，so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine．They liked bread too，metal bread pans were in every bakery．In one bakery there were 81 round，flat loaves of bread-a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today．Tiny boxes filled with dark，shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup．

Ginseppe has died，but his work continues．One-fourth has not been uncovered yet．Scientists are still digging，still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii.

    Notes

    volcano n. 火山  erupt n.喷发  fountain  n．泉水

1．A 1arge amount of people come to Pompeii ________。

   A．to see its famous stadium and theatres

   B．to see what it used to be

 C．to see its people

   D．to enjoy its delicious food

2．Pompeii was ________about 2 000 years ago．

    A．all empty city　　　　　　　　   B．a prosperous city

    C．an o1d city　　　　　　　　　　 D．a poor

3．The Pompeians who lived about 2 000 years ago ________．

    A．1ived more or less the same as Italians now do

    B．1ived quite differently from those who live in Italy

    C．felt worried about the grass-covered volcano

D．knew nothing about the volcano

 

阅读理解

The Sleeping City

沉睡的城市

    由地下岩浆喷出地面而堆积的山叫火山。经常喷发的叫做活火山；喷发后不再喷发的叫死火山。2 000多年以前，意大利Pompeii市附近一座沉睡了几百年的“死”火山突然喷发，整座城市笼罩在恐怖之中。要知 Pompeii市的命运如何，请看下文。

    Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii，Italy．They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for such as its stadium and theatres，its shops and restaurants．The tourists do not，however，see Pompeii’s people．They do not see them because Pompeii has no people．No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2 000 years．

    Once，Pompeii was a busy city of 22 000 people．It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano．Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries，so the people of Pompeii felt safe．But they were not．

    In August of A．D 79，Mount Vesuvius erupted．The entire top of the mountain exploded，and a huge black cloud rose into the air．Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii．When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes．Almost all of its people were dead．

    For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stones and ashes. Then, in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii．Slowly，carefully，Ginseppe and his men dug．The city looked almost the same as it had looked in A．D．79．There were streets and fountains，houses and shops．There was a stadium with 20 000 seats．Perhaps the most important of all，there were everyday objects，which tell us a great deal about the people who 1ived in Pompeii．Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom，so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine．They liked bread too，metal bread pans were in every bakery．In one bakery there were 81 round，flat loaves of bread-a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today．Tiny boxes filled with dark，shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup．

Ginseppe has died，but his work continues．One-fourth has not been uncovered yet．Scientists are still digging，still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii.

    Notes

    volcano n. 火山  erupt n.喷发  fountain  n．泉水

1．A 1arge amount of people come to Pompeii ________。

   A．to see its famous stadium and theatres

   B．to see what it used to be

 C．to see its people

   D．to enjoy its delicious food

2．Pompeii was ________about 2 000 years ago．

    A．all empty city　　　　　　　　   B．a prosperous city

    C．an o1d city　　　　　　　　　　 D．a poor

3．The Pompeians who lived about 2 000 years ago ________．

    A．1ived more or less the same as Italians now do

    B．1ived quite differently from those who live in Italy

    C．felt worried about the grass-covered volcano

D．knew nothing about the volcano

 

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