题目内容

阅读理解
     Unlike Britain, the US does not have a national health care service. Most people buy medical
insurance to help pay for medical care. The government  only helps pay for some medical care for
the old and the people who are on low incomes. The problems of those who cannot afford insurance
have become an important political subject.
     In Britain, when people are ill, they usually go to a family doctor first. However, people in
America sometimes go straight to an expert. Children are usually taken to a doctor who is an expert
in the treatment of children. In Britain, if a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, their family doctor
will usually recommend a specialist,  which will save more time and money both for the patients  and
the public fund (基金).
     In Britain, doctors  do not go to people's homes when they are ill. People always make
appointments to see the doctor in the doctor's office. In a serious situation, people call for an
ambulance. In America, hospitals must treat all seriously ill patients, even if they do not have medical
insurance. The government will then help pay for some of the cost of the medical care.
1. The majority of Americans pay for medical care ________.
A. through the national health care service
B. by buying medical insurance
C. with the help of the government
D. by increasing their income
2. The author implies in Paragraph 2 that ________.
A. Americans don't trust family doctors
B. family doctors are helpless to the patients
C. he is more in favor of the British medical care service
D. sick children should go to family doctors first
3. In the States, seriously ill patients will ________.
A. be treated if they have an insurance
B. go to see the doctor by making an appointment
C. receive treatment even without insurance
D. normally go to see an expert for treatment
4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Health Care in the United States and Britain
B. Types of Doctors in the United States
C. Treatment of Sick Children in the United States
D. Medical Insurance in the United States and Britain
1-4： BCCA
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Directions:Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the
context.
     Each of us is different and our body clocks are different too. Some of us can stay awake and work till
late in the night, 1.________   feeling tired, while others may find it easy to wake up and start work  
2.________, instead of continuing late in the night. These tendencies make some of us "night persons"
and   3.________   "morning persons". So if you are a morning person, the best time to exercise for you
would be mornings,   4.________   you feel energetic. However, if you are a night person, who hates to
wake up early, afternoons or evenings will suit you more for exercising.
     If you want to know when is the best time to exercise to burn fat, then mornings are the ideal choice.  
5.________  are mornings considered the best time to exercise for weight loss? There is   6.________  
scientific explanation for that. When a person exercises in the afternoon or in the evening, he is simply
burning the calories coming from   7.________   he has eaten last. But when he exercises on an empty
stomach in the morning, he is burning calories which are stored in the body as fat.   8.________, the best
time to exercise to lose weight is in the morning.
阅读理解。
     阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的要求)。
          Anger and bitterness may affect your health. According to a research,forgiveness may help
you keep healthy,both physically and mentally.
     Forgiveness-giving up anger toward another- can greatly reduce your body's anger and
stress responses,which affect your mental and physical health. Research conducted by the University
of Michigan's institute for Social Research has showed that people who for-give themselves and
others experience reduced feelings of restlessness,nervousness and hopelessness. Other researches
have found forgiveness can also lower blood pressure and heart rates.
     "Stress worsens pain,tightens muscles and influences the smooth running of the immune(免疫)
system." says Fred Luskin,director of the Forgiveness Project at Stanford University." People think
they have unlimited storage of anger that will never do harm to their health,but they are quite wrong."
     And good news:You don't have to be Gandhi to forgive others or ask for forgiveness." Forgiveness
is a teachable skill,which you can learn just like you learn to play the piano." says Luskin.
     Remember these tips when learning to forgive:
     Commit yourself. Do whatever you have to do to feel better. Forgiveness is for you not______.
     Grasp the truth. Recognize that your primary bitterness comes from the hurt feelings and physical
upset you suffer now,not what offended or hurt you 2 minutes or 10 years ago.
     Meet positive goals. Instead of mentally replaying your hurt,seek a new and positive future.
     Live well. remember that a life well lived is the most important. Stop focusing on wounded
feelings-that gives the person who caused your pain power over you. Instead,look for love,beauty
and kindness around you.
1. What's the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words.)
                                                                                
2. List three feelings that forgiveness can reduce based on the text.(Please answer within 9words.)
  ①_________________________________________________________________________
  ②_________________________________________________________________________
  ③_________________________________________________________________________
3.Fill in the blank with proper words to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 6 words.)
                                                                                
4. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
    Keep in mind that living a good life is of vital significance.
                                                                                
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 into Chinese.
                                                                                
阅读理解
     Each weekday, come rain or shine, a group of children, aged 3 to 6, walk into a forest outside
Frankfurt to sing songs, build fires and roll in the mud.
     The birthplace of kindergarten is returning to its roots. While schools and parents elsewhere are
pushing young children to read, write and surf the Internet earlier in order to prepare for an increasingly
cutthroat(竞争激烈的) global economy, some little Germans are taking a less traveled path-deep into
the woods.
     Germany has about 700 Wald kindergartens, or forest kindergartens, in which children spend their
days outdoors all year round. Blackboards replaced by the Black Forest. Erasers give way to pine
cones(松果). Hall passes aren't required, but bug repellent(驱虫剂) is a good idea.
     The schools are a throwback(返回) to Friedrich Froebel, the German educator who opened the
world's first kindergarten, or children's garden, more than 150 years ago. Mr. Froebel advised that
young children should play in nature, free from too many numbers and letters.
     Only a small number of German children attend Wald kindergarten, but their numbers have been
rising since local parent groups began setting up these programs in the mid1990s, following the lead of
a Danish community. Similar schools exist in smaller numbers in Scandinavia, Switzerland and Austria.
The concept is arousing interest far afield-even in the U. S., whose first Wald kindergarten opened in
Portland, Ore., last fall.
     Academic studies of such schools are in their infancy(初期). Some European researchers believe
Wald kindergarten kids exercise their imaginations more than their brickandmortar_peers do and are
better at concentrating and communicating. Despite dangers, from insects particularly, the children
appear to get sick less often in these freshair settings. Studies also suggest their writing skills are less
developed, though, and that they are less skills than other children at distinguishing colors, forms and sizes.

1. The passage mainly talks about ________.
A. forest kindergartens          
B. a great German educator
C. the birthplace of kindergarten  
D. education in Germany

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The kids in the Wald kindergarten spend their days outdoors once a week.
B. There are more than 700 Wald kindergartens in Europe.
C. Friedrich Frobel opened the world's first forest kindergarten.
D. Nearly all the German children attend Wald kindergarten.

3. What might NOT be found in the "forest kindergartens"?
A. Black Forest.      
B. Pine cones.
C. Bug repellent.      
D. Many numbers and letters.

4. From the last paragraph, we can learn that "brickandmortar peers" refers to ________.
A. kids who stay at home        
B. kids who study in the classroom
C. kids who like brick and mortar  
D. kids who suffer from illness

5. Kids in the Wald kindergarten may ________.
①be more imaginative
②be good at exchanging ideas with other kids
③face more dangers in the forest
④be skillful at writing
A. ①③④      
B. ②③④       
C. ①②③      
D. ①②④
阅读理解.
     Since its opening,camp teachers at New Jersey's Liberty Lake Day Camp disinfect
(给……消毒) door knobs,take the temperatures of children as they arrive and remind
the campers not to share canned Coke.
     Many of the 12,000-plus summer camps in the United States are making greater efforts
to guard against the spread of the new A/H1N1 flu.
     Many parents are debating whether they should stop their kids from enjoying the summer
camp because of the new flu.Jing Zhang of New York said she decided to keep her
5-year-old daughter at a local day-care center."Why would I want to spend a fortune on
the summer camp when the risk is the same?" she asked.
     Dr.Daniel Rauch,said the risk of catching A/H1N1 flu is only greater in close or group
settings,for instance,when kids sleep near each other in beds,tents or cabins.Unless children
already have potential illness or immunodeficiencies (免疫缺陷),going to summer camps
does not necessarily have a greater risk of catching A/H1N1 flu than going to public spaces
such as playgrounds and shopping centers,he added.
     Some camp administrators said they would send any sick child home immediately or
separate them in a clinic and let them play board games while they are being observed.
"We try to create a temporary camping center in the summer and we are very vigilant
about it," said Andy Pritikin,director of Liberty Lake Day Camp in Mansfield,who sent a
child with fever home last week,with full credit to come back later in the summer.
     "Parents should know whether camp nurses are available.And if there's only a bottle
of medicine and a bed in the back room,and it takes three and a half hours to get to the
nearest hospital,parents need to know that," said Sean Nienow,director of the National
Camp Association.
1．To protect campers from A/H1N1 flu,the organizers have taken the following
measures EXCEPT________.
A．taking campers' temperatures on their arrival
B．building temporary clinics near camping places
C．separating sick campers or sending them home soon
D．reminding campers of some matters they need to pay attention to
2．According to Dr.Daniel Rauch,________.
A．taking children to public places and sending them to camps are both safe
B．parents should not let their children go camping or take them to public places
C．going to summer camps doesn't mean an increasing risk of catching A/H1N1 flu
D．sending children to camps is more dangerous than taking them to public places
3．The "vigilant" in the fifth paragraph refers to"________"．
A．cautious
B．excited
C．hopeful
D．confident
4．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?_____
A．Experts encourage parents to send their kids to camps.
B．Parents are very worried about the spread of A/H1N1 flu.
C．A/H1N1 flu has spread widely among young campers in the US.
D．Children who have potential illnesses are not allowed to go camping.
5．What can we learn from what Sean Nienow says in the last paragraph?_____
A．The medical conditions are poor at the camp.
B．Children should not be sent to camps far from the hospital.
C．Parents should be informed of the medical conditions at the camp.
D．Parents need to realize that camps have no good medical conditions.
阅读理解
     For the people living in the Nile Basin, the river is their life.This 6,825 km waterway, whose
watershed (流域) covers three million square kilometers, flows through mountains, woodlands,
lakes and deserts.Its potential for fishing, tourism and shipping is great-but so are its challenges.
     Water shortage, already serious in Egypt and Sudan, will soon influence several other countries
in the watershed as well.Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living.
Within the next 25 years, the district's population is expected to double, adding to the demand
brought about by growth in industry and agriculture.The frequent drought (干旱) adds to the
urgency.
     Water quality is also a problem.Precious soil is washed out to sea.Wastes from industry and
agriculture create pollution.Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils.Waterborne
diseases continue unchecked.In areas where it's hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off lakes,
dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move
forward.
     Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by
day.They've seen the river change course, and their only source (来源) of water thickened with
mud.They're very poor and have few choices.
     But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), is offering very practical assistance.The
program is more than just a watermanagement project.It's a plan for the social and economic
development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the
environment that supports them.

     These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions (解决办法). Half the Nile
Basin's countries are among the world's poorest nations; yet, somehow, they must find the resources,
skills and political will to overcome these challenges.
1. What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces?
A. The development of shipping industry.
B. Overfishing of native people.
C. Water shortage and water quality.
D. Increasing population and tourism.
2. The underlined word "hyacinths" ( in Paragraph 3 ) refers to"________".
A. animals  
B. plants  
C. rocks  
D. salts
3. The program NBI is mainly aimed at ________.
A. preventing water pollution
B. changing the river course
C. improving living conditions of the poor
D. preventing land from becoming desert
4. What would be the best title of this passage?
A. People's Life in Egypt and Sudan
B. Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan
C. The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin
D. The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin
阅读理解。
     Eat less and exercise more-it has long been a magic word for reducing those extra weight. But
now it seems that all the hard work may have been in vain.
     Scientists say there are ten other reasons why people just keep getting bigger. They say that
sleeping habits, central heating, medicines and even some pollutants (污染物) can play a role in
weight gain.
    Traditionally, people have focused on diet and exercise to solve the problem. However the
scientists from top US and Canadian universities say that other things must be considered.
     Lack of sleep could be partly the reason. In recent years, the average night's sleep has dropped
from nine hours to just seven. Sleep shortage changes levels of the hormones (荷尔蒙) that control
food intake and body fat and increase hunger and appetite.
     If it is too hot or too cold, we burn calories (卡路里) to cool down or heat up. But if the
temperature is just right, the calories may be turned into body fat instead.
     Those who take medicine to control their blood pressure can often put on weight. Similarly, studies
have shown that going on the Pill can add to a woman's weight.
     Mother nature may also be the reason, with our body shape being partly inherited (遗传的). The
overweight are also more likely to settle with partners of a similar size. And their children are more
likely to be obese (肥胖的).
     And the use of pollutants is on the rise, say the researchers. The man-made chemicals in pesticides
(杀虫剂) and plastics can lead to weight gain.
     Your mother's age and your weight at birth are also important, with older woman more likely to
have obese children and underweight babies having a bigger chance of being obese in later life.
     We also tend to put on weight as we get older. Finally, giving up smoking can also help pile on the
pounds.
     The scientists from Yale, Cornell and Johns Hopkins said there was some evidence supporting poor
diet and lack of exercise as the main causes of obesity.
1. Which is commonly thought to be effective in losing weight?
A. To have operation to cut extra fat.      
B. To take pills and avoid fatty food.
C. To sleep less to burn more calories.    
D. To have less food and take more exercise.
2. Which of the following factors doesn't lead to overweight?
A. Regular and enough sleep.
B. Comfortable living environment.
C. Not enough physical exercise.  
D. harmful chemicals in the food.
3. Which of the following statements would the author agree to?
A. Lack of sleep leads you to take in more food.
B. Unpleasant weather helps you to put on weight.
C. Obese parents are not likely to have fat children.
D. Medicine for blood pressure helps you lose weight.
4. What would women prefer to do to have healthy children?
A. To have only one child.
B. To marry at an older age.
C. To marry a strong husband.    
D. To give birth to a baby at younger age.
阅读理解。
     Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951. Britain is suffering through its longest cold snap (寒潮)
since 1981. And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South, including Florida's orange groves and beaches.
Whatever happened to global warming?
     Such weather doesn't seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of
greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesn't contradict global warming at all - it's just a
temporary phenomenon in the long-term heating trend. "It's part of natural variability," said Gerald Meehl,
a senior scientist. With global warming, he said, "we'll still have record and cold temperatures. We'll just
have fewer of them."
     Scientists say man-made climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more
severe weather extremes. But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.
     So what is going on?
     "We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern
Hemisphere", Arndt said.
     In the atmosphere, large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic
and the tropics. This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted. But recently, this air flow has
become bent into a zigzag (之字形) pattern, wandering north and south. If you live in a place where it
brings air up from the south, you get warm weather. In fact, record highs were reported this week in
Washington state and Alaska.
    But in the eastern United States, like some other unlucky parts of the globe, Arctic air is coming from
the north. And that's how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing, a reading of minus-42 in
mainland Norway, and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain. The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time
to time, but it is not clear why it's so strong right now.
1. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Freezing weather is hitting the Deep South.
B. We'll still have record cold temperatures.
C. The air flow has become a zigzag pattern.
D. Cold snap doesn't contradict global warming.
2. With global warming, we will ____.
A. also meet with severe cold snap
B. have more hot temperatures forever
C. never experience cold temperatures
D. have more cold temperatures
3. Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951 because of ____.
A. a fence from the Arctic
B. a cooling trend in climate
C. a big outbreak of Arctic air
D. its large population
4. We can conclude that ____.
A. not all the parts of the Northern Hemisphere are cold in face of the cold snap
B. the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentally
C. Beijing will get cold weather next year
D. Washington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year.
阅读理解。
     Besides giving off gases and dusts into the air, humans produce waste that is poured on the
environment. Often, this waste produced by major industries and people is harmful to both nature
and human life.
     One of the main causes of the large amount of dangerous waste is that people do not realize
how large a problem it is. Because it can be simply removed and sent to a landfill(废渣填埋场),
the problem is often believed to end there. In addition, industries have often shown an unwillingness
to find ways to deal with dangerous waste because of the related expenses. Many industries and
governments build simple landfills to store waste, and often just pour waste chemicals into nearby
bodies of water. Often, chemicals used for industrial production cause dangerous forms of waste.
The amount of these chemicals has increased greatly in the past, but it is often difficult and expensive
to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way safe to human life and the environment.
     Every year, major health problems result from dangerous waste. Sadly, it is often only after
someone has died or become seriously ill that governments will take measures to reduce levels of
harmful waste.
     Some governments have realized how serious the dangerous waste problem is and are now trying
to settle this problem. They are also trying to limit the amount of waste industries are allowed to
produce.
     Not only governments but ordinary people as well must work together to solve the problem.
They can choose not to buy those products which require the production of dangerous waste, and
produce less harmful waste themselves. Many scientists think that waste production can be cut. The
waste can be reduced by at least one third using existing technologies and methods.
1. What would be the best title for the text ?
A. Measures of Reducing Dangerous Waste
B. Danger of Harmful Waste to Mankind
C. Dangerous Waste and Water Pollution
D. Environmental Protection
2. According to the text, people ________.
A. do not produce harmful waste in their daily life
B. do not know where to place the dangerous waste
C. are not clear about how serious the dangerous waste problem is
D. are not sure about where harmful waste ends
3. What troubles industries most in dealing with the dangerous waste problem?
A. How to get government support.            
B. How to increase their production.
C. How to store harmful waste.              
D. How to cut down the related costs.
4. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The polluting industries are not allowed to sell their products.
B. Present technologies have settled the harmful waste products.
C. Everyone should obey the government rules for the problem.
D. To solve the problem requires the efforts of the whole society.

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