(11分) 已知粗铜中含有少量的锌、铁、银、金等金属和少量矿物杂质(与酸不反应)。某化学兴趣小组在实验室条件下用以硫酸铜溶液为电解液,用电解的方法实现了粗铜的提纯,并对阳极泥和电解液中金属进行回收和含量测定。
步骤一:电解精制:
请回答以下问题:
电解时,粗铜应与电源的     极相连。阴极上的电极反应式为                
电解过程中,硫酸铜的浓度会           (选填:变大、不变、变小)。
步骤二:电解完成后,该小组同学按以下流程对电解液进行处理:

(1)阳极泥的综合利用:
稀硝酸处理阳极泥得到硝酸银稀溶液,请你写出该步反应的离子方程式:          
残渣含有极少量的黄金,如何回收金,他们查阅了有关资料,了解到了一些有关金的知识,以下是他们获取的一些信息:

序号
反应
平衡常数
1
Au + 6HNO3(浓)= Au(NO3)3 + 3NO2↑+ 3H2O
<< 1
2
Au3+ + 4Cl =" " AuCl4
>>1
从中可知,金很难与硝酸反应,但却可溶于王水(浓硝酸与盐酸按体积比1∶3的混合物),请你简要解释金能够溶于王水的原因:                                           
(2)滤液含量的测定:
以下是该小组探究滤液的一个实验流程

则100mL滤液中Cu2+的浓度为         mol·L—1,Fe2+的浓度为        mol·L—1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
(14分)某中学课外兴趣小组用惰性电极电解饱和食盐水(含少量Ca2+、Mg2+)作系列探究,装置如下图所示:

(1)电解时,甲同学发现电极a附近溶液出现浑浊,请用离子方程式表示原因____________
(2)一段时间后,你认为C中溶液可能出现的现象是______,请用离子方程式表示原因________________________
(3) 实验结束后,乙同学将A中的物质冷却后加入到H2S溶液中发现有气泡出现,但加人到稀盐酸中却没有任何现象。请用化学方程式和简要的文字解释原因____________
(4) 随着反应的进行,兴趣小组的同学们都特别注意到D中溶液红色逐渐褪去。他们对溶液红色褪去主要原因提出了如下假设,请你完成假设二。
假设一:B中逸出气体与水反应生成的物质有强氧化性,使红色逐渐褪去;
假设二 :__________________________________________。
(5) 请你设计实验验证上述假设一,写出实验步骤及结论___________________________________________________________________________

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