Question

3£®Cl₂ºÍHCl¶¼ÊÇÖØÒªµÄ»¯¹¤Ô­ÁÏ£¬¶þÕß¿ÉÒÔÏ໥ת»¯£¬·´Ó¦ÈçÏ£º·´Ó¦A£ºH₂£¨g£©+Cl₂£¨g£©$\frac{\underline{\;µãȼ\;}}{\;}$2HCl£¨g£©£¬·´Ó¦B£º4HCl+O₂$?_{400¡æ}^{CuO/CuCl_{2}}$2Cl₂+2H₂O
ÒÑÖª£º¢ñ£®·´Ó¦BÖУ¬4molHCl±»Ñõ»¯£¬·Å³ö115.6kJµÄÄÜÁ¿£®
¢ò£®
£¨1£©HClµÄµç×ÓʽÊÇ£®
£¨2£©H₂OÖеĻ¯Ñ§¼üÀàÐÍÊǹ²¼Û¼ü£®
£¨3£©·´Ó¦AµÄ¡÷H=-183KJ/mol£®
£¨4£©·´Ó¦BµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ4HCl£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©?2Cl₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-115.6 KJ/mol£®
£¨5£©¶Ï¿ª1molH-O¼üËùÐèÄÜÁ¿Ô¼Îª462.9kJ£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©HClÊôÓÚ¹²¼Û»¯ºÏÎ²»´æÔÚÀë×Ó¼ü£¬·Ö×ÓÖÐÇâÔ­×ÓÓëÂÈÔ­×ÓÖ®¼äÐγÉ1¶Ô¹²Óõç×Ó¶Ô£»
£¨2£©Ë®Êǹ²¼Û»¯ºÏÎÑõÔ­×ÓºÍÁ½¸öÇâÔ­×ÓÐγÉÁ½¸ö¹²¼Û¼ü£»
£¨3£©·´Ó¦AÖУ¬ìʱä=·´Ó¦Îï¶Ï¼üÎüÊÕÈÈÁ¿-Éú³ÉÎïÐγɻ¯Ñ§¼ü·Å³öÈÈÁ¿¼ÆË㣻
£¨4£©·´Ó¦BÖУ¬2mol HCl±»Ñõ»¯£¬·Å³ö115.6kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊéд·½·¨£¬±ê×¢ÎïÖʾۼ¯×´Ì¬ºÍ¶ÔÓ¦ìʱäд³ö£»
£¨5£©ÒÀ¾Ý·´Ó¦BÖУ¬4mol HCl±»Ñõ»¯£¬·Å³ö115.6kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬ìʱä=·´Ó¦Îï¶Ï¼üÎüÊÕÈÈÁ¿-Éú³ÉÎïÐγɻ¯Ñ§¼ü·Å³öÈÈÁ¿¼ÆË㣮

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©HClÊôÓÚ¹²¼Û»¯ºÏÎ²»´æÔÚÀë×Ó¼ü£¬·Ö×ÓÖÐÇâÔ­×ÓÓëÂÈÔ­×ÓÖ®¼äÐγÉ1¶Ô¹²Óõç×Ó¶Ô£¬HClµç×ÓʽΪ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
£¨2£©Ë®Êǹ²¼Û»¯ºÏÎÑõÔ­×ÓºÍÁ½¸öÇâÔ­×ÓÐγÉÁ½¸ö¹²¼Û¼ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¹²¼Û¼ü£»
£¨3£©·´Ó¦AÖУ¬ìʱä=·´Ó¦Îï¶Ï¼üÎüÊÕÈÈÁ¿-Éú³ÉÎïÐγɻ¯Ñ§¼ü·Å³öÈÈÁ¿=436+243-2¡Á431=-183KJ/mol£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º-183KJ/mol£»
£¨4£©ÒÀ¾Ý·´Ó¦BÖУ¬4mol HCl±»Ñõ»¯£¬·Å³ö115.6kJµÄÈÈÁ¿£¬·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º4HCl£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©?2Cl₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-115.6 KJ/mol£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4HCl£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©?2Cl₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-115.6 KJ/mol
£¨5£©ìʱä=·´Ó¦Îï¶Ï¼üÎüÊÕÈÈÁ¿-Éú³ÉÎïÐγɻ¯Ñ§¼ü·Å³öÈÈÁ¿£¬4HCl£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©?2Cl₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-115.6 KJ/mol£¬
4¡ÁE£¨H-Cl£©+498-[243¡Á2+4¡ÁE£¨H-O£©]=-115.6£¬µÃµ½4¡ÁE£¨H-O£©-4¡Á431=498-486+115.6=127.6
E£¨H-O£©=462.9£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º462.9£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁ˵ç×ÓʽµÄÊéд¡¢ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊéд£¬»¯Ñ§¼ü¼üÄܺÍìʱä¹Øϵ¼ÆË㣬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®