【题目】人口和资源问题能从侧面反映当时社会发展的状况。下表为我国1750-1850年人口和耕地面积相关数据表。读表，完成下列各题。

【1】这一时期我国耕地面积总数增加了，人均耕地面积却减少了，其主要原因是（ ）

A. 土地兼并严重 B. 人口剧增 C. 自然灾害频繁 D. 战乱频发

【2】表中人口与耕地之间的变化说明一个国家要持续发展（ ）

A. 只有不断扩大耕地面积 B. 必须保持安定统一的国内环境

C. 必须处理好人口与自然资源的关系 D. 只有发展人口、增加劳动力

【题目】语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A strong memory depends 1 the health and vitality(活力)of your brain. Humans are 2 (high) social animals, so relationships stimulate(刺激)our brains — in fact, interacting with 3 may be the best brain exercise.

Having 4 (mean) relationships is not only vital to emotional health, but also to brain health. In one recent study from the Harvard School of Public Health, for example, researchers found that people with the most active social life had the 5 (slow) rate of memory deterioration.

And moreover, you’ve heard that laughter is the best medicine for the brain as 6 （good） as the body. As psychologist Daniel 7 (note)in his book Emotional Intelligence, ＂Laughter seems to help people think more broadly and associate more freely.＂

When you hear laughter, move toward it. Most of the time, people are very happy 8 (share) something funny because it gives them an opportunity to laugh together.

Please spend time with those who laugh ___9___(easy) — both at themselves and at life’s humorous events. Surround yourself with reminders to lighten up. Keep 10 toy on your desk or in your car. Put up a funny poster in your office. Choose a computer screen saver that makes you laugh.

【题目】明太祖洪武元年（1368年）下令，民间婚娶，依《朱子家礼》进行，即男16岁，女14岁，听其婚配。据此完成下列各题。

【1】按照明太祖的该法令，明朝将出现（ ）

A. 生育时间缩短 B. 较高的出生率 C. 亲子年龄差距增加 D. 较高的死亡率

【2】明太祖颁布该法令的根本目的是（ ）

A. 鼓励垦荒 B. 奴化民众 C. 增加劳动力 D. 顺应民意

【3】目前，下列国家中人口增长特点与洪武时期类似的是（ ）

A. 刚果 B. 中国 C. 法国 D. 新西兰

【题目】近来，一个词很热，即“广场舞”。一面是挥汗如雨、激情四起的舞者；另一面是饱受折磨、不堪其扰的居民，甚至有些地方矛盾激化。据此回答下列问题。

【1】“广场舞”流行于广场，反映出城市化过程中的问题是

A. 城市污染严重 B. 城市化过快

C. 城市人口增长过快 D. 城市基础服务设施建设不够健全

【2】导致舞者与居民矛盾激化的最主要原因是

A. 广场离居民区较近，噪声扰民 B. 城市人口素质亟待提高

C. 城市居住用地紧张 D. 城市环境恶化

【题目】“川道”是黄土高原上山与山之间地势相对比较平坦、低洼的地方。陕西省延安市延长县(中国的苹果之乡)很早就在“川道”里种植苹果，这里苹果种植面积广，产量大，交通便利，水分条件较好，但空气潮湿，病虫害多。21世纪初延长县果业局决定把“川道”的果园移到山上，苹果树呈现非常好的长势。据此完成以下问题。

【1】黄土高原上“川道”形成的自然原因主要有

①土质疏松 ②植被稠密 ③暴雨冲蚀 ④地壳下陷

A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①③ D. ②④

【2】“川道”地区的苹果树上山后长势良好的主要原因是山上

A. 土壤肥沃，利于苹果树生长 B. 海拔高，气温低

C. 冰雪融水量多，水源充足 D. 光照和通风条件好

【题目】阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants, ＂Girls rule, boys drool.＂ But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.

This has been challenging for me at times. ＂Shy＂ is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids’ triathlon (三项全能) .

On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son’s birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she’d need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep it together.

And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated(主宰) that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.

I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conquered(克服) that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.

All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.

Shine on, sweet baby.

【1】Kelly is nervous when ________.

A. situations are new to her

B. boys are around her

C. she changes into a leader

D. she is away from her mom

【2】We can know from Paragraph 3 ______.

A. the race began in the early morning

B. the whole family gave Kelly support

C. Kelly was eager for her turn in the race

D. Kelly prepared for her brother’s birthday party

【3】Seeing Kelly’s performance in the race, the author felt ______.

A. excited and proud B. anxious and uneasy

C. curious and concerned D. worried and hesitant

【4】The author ＂felt like I won that day＂ because Kelly ______.

A. expressed love to her B. won the gold medal

C. took part in the sport D. overcame the fear

【题目】语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The truth___1___trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food，wood and most ___2___(important)，oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.

The discovery__3__(make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students__4__were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have__5__(accessible) to modern water filter systems.

The__6__(research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.

They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by pouring water__7__(contain) red dye particles of different sizes through.__8__their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the particles.__9__(encourage), the team conducted__10__experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.

【题目】大理岩是由那一种岩石变质形成的：

A. 玄武岩 B. 花岗岩 C. 页岩 D. 石灰岩