【题目】阅读理解

A

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

Women are friendly. They often share with others. But men are more competitive. They are trying to improve their social status. Why? Researchers have found it’s all due to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.

Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it when falling in love or giving birth.

But in a former experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during a negative situation such as envy (嫉妒).

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relations, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.

Professor Ryan’s recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.

Half of the participants (参与者) received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂).

After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same steps with the other material.

Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social behavior. Then they were asked to analyze the relations by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.

The results showed that, after treatment with oxytocin, men’s ability to correctly recognize competitive relations improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded, “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people’s abilities to better tell apart different social behaviors.”

【1】What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin. C. The gesture. D. The social status.

2What can we learn from Professor Ryan’s former experiment?

A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others’ success.

D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people’s behavior differences.

3 Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social behavior.

B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C. To know people’s different abilities to answer questions.

D. To test people’s understanding of body language.

4The author develops the text by _______.

A. explaining people’s behavior

B. describing his own experiences

C. telling apart sexual differences

D. discussing research experiments

【题目】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

Ongoing conflicts across the Middle East have prevented more than 13 million children from attending school, according to a report published by UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund.

The report states that 40% of all children across the region are currently not receiving an education, which is a result of two consequences of violence: structural damage to schools and the displacement (转移) of populations, also called “forced migration.” Both issues result from the violence that has crossed the region in recent years. The report examines nine countries where a state of war has become the ordinary state. Across these countries, violence has made 8,500 schools unusable. In certain cases, communities have relied on school buildings to function as shelters for the displaced, with up to nine families living in a single classroom in former schools across Iraq.

The report pays particularly close attention to Syria, where a bloody civil war has displaced at least nine million people since the war began in 2011. With the crisis (危机) now in its fifth year, basic public services, including education, inside Syria have been stretched (竭尽所能) to breaking point. Within the country, the quality and availability of education depends on whether a particular region is suffering violence.

The report concludes with an earnest request to international policymakers to offer money and other resources to help ease the regional crisis. With more than 13 million children already driven from classrooms by conflict, the educational future of a generation of children are in the balance. This is destroying the future for an entire region.

【1】What is this article mainly about?

A. Why people are moving away from their own countries.

B. Why there are civil wars and violence in the Middle East.

C. Why many schools have become shelters for displaced families.

D. Why many children in the Middle East are not attending school.

2Why is “Iraq” mentioned in the second paragraph?

A. To convince people that temporary housing can be easily found.

B. To prove that class rooms there are big enough to host many families.

C. To give an example of why schools are not usable for children’s learning.

D. To show how structural damages of school can affect the quality of education.

3What does the phrase “in the balance” in the last paragraph most likely mean?

A. Being well taken care of.

B. In an uncertain situation.

C. Under control by the authority.

D. Moving in the wrong direction.

4According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. The war in Syria has been going on since 2011.

B. More than nine thousand schools have been destroyed by wars.

C. Thirteen million people have been forced to leave their homes in the Middle East.

D. Forty percent of all children in the world are not attending schools due to ongoing conflict.

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