题目内容

【题目】我们可以设想,当一个19世纪的人接触到进化论后,突然发现自己几十年来形成的常识和认识事物的立足点消失了,不得不以一种全新的世界观来重新评估世界和自我。材料旨在说明进化论

A.引起了身边事物的变化

B.引起了社会的混乱局面

C.改变了人们的认知观念

D.改变了人们的生活方式

【答案】C

【解析】据材料提到,当一个19世纪的人接触到进化论后,突然发现自己几十年来形成的常识和认识事物的立足点消失了,不得不以一种全新的世界观来重新评估世界和自我,结合所学知识可知,材料旨在说明进化论改变了人们的认知观念,故C正确。材料无法体现进化论引起了身边事物的变化,故A错误。材料主旨也不在于进化论引起了社会的混乱局面,故B错误。材料也不能反映进化论改变了人们的生活方式,故D错误。

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【题目】阅读材料回答问题。

材料一 宋代是印刷术普遍应用时期也是中国学术史上的重要时期。《十三经》和《十七史》的印行地方史志的编纂许多数学、工艺、医药和科技著作的问世大型类书和丛书的编印都在这一时期。而学术的复兴又促进了学校和书院的兴盛加之为准备各级考试使得教本、史籍、韵书、字典等大量印行。

据方志记载宋代进士姓名可考者有29 000人其中两浙、福建等五路约占82%;宋代印书有地可考者1 500种该五路即占80%。反之夔州路仅有进士103人而所印之书只有2种。

——摘编自钱存训《印刷术在中国传统文化中的作用》

材料二 明代以前医学对于传染病学的认识都未超出“伤寒论”的范围。明清两代医药学家深入研究传染病等热性病发病原因和医疗方法创立了温病学说疗效显著。如《震泽县志续》载乾隆二十一年“瘟疫遍行家无不病病无不危”名医孙日琏施诊施药“赖以全活者计千有余人”。又如《相城小志》载光绪十七年“疫症盛行呕泻螺疮起”龚霞伯以四味中药“遍施之病立愈活人甚众”。

——摘编自余新忠《清代江南的瘟疫与社会》等

(1)依据材料一,归纳印刷术普遍应用所产生的作用,指出宋代各地印书种数与进士人数所呈现的关系。

2)依据材料二和所学知识指出明代以前中医治疗传染病的理论来源明清时期有何新发展?实践效果怎样

3)综上谈谈科技与社会的相互作用。

【题目】C

First Lady Michelle Obama is on a five-day trip to Asia. She is visiting Japan and Cambodia to help publicize a program called "Let Girls Learn". Administration officials set up the campaign to support the education of millions of girls worldwide.

Before her trip, Mrs. Obama and her husband noted the inability of an estimated 62million girls to attend school. They said educating the girls should be a foreign policy goal.

This week, Mrs. Obama criticized the fact that tens of millions of girls are not receiving a satisfactory education. In her opinion piece, she wrote this failure to educate girls was more than "a tragic waste of potential". It is both a serious public health issue and a problem for the economic health of nations and the world. She also said it was "a threat to the security of countries around the world".

The First Lady noted by 2012, every part of the developing world was educating both girls and boys in primary schools. But this is not the case in secondary education. She wrote in some areas girls face "the cultural values and practices that limit the prospects of women in their societies."

The Obama administration launched the "Let Girls Learn" campaign earlier this month. At the time, Mrs. Obama noted plans to involve the U.S. Peace Corps, and the Volunteer Development Agency.

"This effort will draw on the talent and energy of the nearly 7,000 Peace Corps volunteers serving in more than 60 countries. Through this effort, Peace Corps will be supporting hundreds of new community projects to help girls go to school and stay in school. And, I want to emphasize that these programs will be community-generated and community-led. They will be based on solutions devised by local leaders, families and yes, even the girls themselves."

President Obama also spoke at the same White House event, saying that campaign is important to his administration.

1Why did Michelle Obama make the trip to Asia?

A. To get help from Peace Corps.

B. To set up the "Let Girls Learn" program.

C. To promote an educational program.

D. To develop Japan-US relationship.

2These statements may be Michelle Obamas opinion EXCEPT_____.

A. girls in developing countries have greater potential than boys

B. girls have the same right to receive higher education

C. having girls educated should be a foreign policy goal

D. failing to educate girls affects the worlds economic

3What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph?

A. How the Peace Corps are organized.

B. What the plan for the campaign is.

C. Who are in charge of the program.

D. Where the campaign will be carried out.

4What may be talked about in the next paragraph?

A. The achievements they have achieved.

B. The measures they have taken.

C. The possible problems they will meet.

D. The importance of the educational program.

【题目】阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一 在《人间喜剧》中,巴尔扎克让他的主人公被某种情欲甚至怪癖控制着……比如高老头的爱女,葛朗台的爱钱,贝姨的妒忌,邦斯的古董癣,于勒的好色,都给人留下难以忘怀的印象,产生震撼人心的感情力量……例如,贪婪和吝啬使老葛朗台成了金钱的奴隶,变得冷酷无情。为了金钱,不择手段,甚至丧失了人的基本情感,丝毫不念父女之情和夫妻之爱:在他获悉女儿把积蓄都给了夏尔之后,暴跳如雷,竟把她软禁起来,没有火取暖,只以面包和清水度日。当他妻子因此而大病不起时,他首先想到的是请医生要破费钱财。只是在听说妻子死后女儿有权和他分享遗产时,他才立即转变态度,与母女讲和。

材料二 《官场现形记》,晚清李伯元著谴责小说,它由30多个相对独立的官场故事联缀起来,是清朝晚期文学代表作品之一。下面是《官场现形记》的部分故事梗概:

陕西同州府朝邑县赵温在远亲钱典史的陪同下进京赶考,因拜礼太少而会试落榜,最后只好在京城里用钱捐了个官,做了赵中书。钱典史出了一百两银子,得到徐都老爷的推荐信,赶往江西。谁知他所捐的差使已经有人,便又在黄知府差役的活动下谋了一个好差使。黄知府升了道台,正在得意之时,因为前边所办的案子被人告发,后来通过京城中友人的疏通,又花了一万两银子,终于了结。

江西代理巡抚何某,绰号荷包,平生爱钱。三弟三荷包同样是个无底洞。两个荷包分赃不均而失和,抖出以前许多卖官鬻爵的旧账。三荷包带着卖官所得的万两银子,买得山东胶州知府的位子。三荷包到任后,绞尽脑汁千方百计巴结山东巡抚。外国人劝巡抚做生意,候补通判陶子尧趁机上条陈,大讲整顿商务,被巡抚派往上海购买机器。陶子尧在上海被骗子魏翩仞、买办仇五科合伙骗去几万两银子,弄得狼狈不堪。幸好有山东试用府吏周因从中帮忙,此事才了结。周因得陶谢礼,前往浙江,协助旧交浙江巡抚刘中远办洋务。周与文案戴大理勾心斗角,互相拆台……

(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,分析巴尔扎克《人间喜剧》产生历史背景。

(2)根据材料二,简析《官场现形记》所包含的历史现象。

(3)结合上述材料和所学知识,分析《人间喜剧》和《官场现形记》的共同特点。

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