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【题目】这片广袤的黄土地已经被水流蚀割得沟壑纵横,支离破碎,四分五裂,像老年人的一张粗糙的皱脸——每年流入黄河的泥沙就达十六亿吨!就在这大自然无数黄色的皱褶中,世世代代生活和繁衍着千千万万的人。无论沿着哪一条“皱纹”走进去,你都能碰见村落和人烟,而且密集得叫你不可思议。据此,回答下列问题。
(1)文中“黄土地”所在的地形区( )
A.有革命圣地延安及特色窑洞景观
B.地处温带草原和荒漠过渡地区
C.受降水影响形成深厚土层和沟壑
D.农业地域类型为传统稻作农业
(2)生活在这里的人们( )
A.受热量条件制约,选择在河谷地区修路建村
B.借黄土肥沃优势,发展了大规模机械化农业
C.不合理耕作破坏植被,导致石漠化现象严重
D.通过植树种草及打坝淤地进行有效水土保持

【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
【解析】(1)黄土高原土层深厚的成因和风力沉积有关,千沟万壑的地表形态和流水侵蚀有关,A错。该区域是半湿润地区向半干旱地区过渡的地带,森林向草原过渡的地带,B错误;延安位于陕北,属于黄土高原区,窑洞是该区域典型的传统民居,A对。该地农业地域类型是传统旱作谷物农业,D错。故选A。(2)该选项描述的是青藏高原的特点,不符合黄土高原的地域特色,A错。大规模的机械化生产需要地形平坦开阔且地广人稀,与该区域特征不符合,B错。石漠化现象主要出现在水土流失严重且土层薄的地区,比如我国西南地区,黄土高原土层深厚,不会出现石漠化,C错。植树种草和打坝淤地属于黄土高原小流域综合治理的典型措施,D对。故选D。

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【题目】阅读理解
Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly,flies like a fat chicken,eats green leaves,has the stomach of a cow and has claws(爪)on its wings when young.They build their homes about 4.6m above the river,an important feature(特征)for the safety of the young.It is called the hoatzin.
In appearance,the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside.The head is small,with a large set of feathers on the top,bright red eyes,and blue skin.Its nearest relatives are the common birds,cuckoos.Its most striking feature,though,is only found in the young.
Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip.Using these four claws,together with the beak(喙),they can climb about in the bushes,looking very much like primitive birds must have done.When the young hoatzins have learned to fly,they lose their claws.
During the drier months between December and March,hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April,when the rainy season begins,they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.
(1)What is the text mainly about?
A.Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.
B.The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.
C.Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.
D.The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.
(2)Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that.
A.they look like young cuckoos
B.they have claws on the wings
C.they eat a lot like a cow
D.they live on river banks
(3)What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?
A.They had claws to help them climb.
B.They could fly long distances.
C.They had four wings like hoatzins.
D.They had a head with long feathers on the top.
(4)Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?
A.To find more food.
B.To keep themselves warm.
C.To protect themselves better.
D.To produce their young.

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